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Open Access Review

Current Evidence on the Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Migraine: The Way Forward to Precision Medicine

Received: 09 May 2018;  Published: 10 October 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1804040

Abstract

Interactions between genetic and environmental factors in migraine are well known and can potentially determine an individual’s susceptibility to disease and responsiveness to treatment. Consequently, several epigenetic studies have been conducted to determine if and how genes are activated or inactivated in response to a diverse range of environmental migraine triggers. The results, in turn, have helped elucidate how these factors can promote or inhibit migraine progression or therapeutic response and can guide de [...]

1738 12855

Open Access Review

Deciphering the Epigenetic Landscape of Suicidal Behaviour: A Review of Current Findings, Caveats and Future Directions

Received: 20 June 2018;  Published: 06 October 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1804039

Abstract

Suicide is the second leading cause of death globally among young people and the tenth leading cause of death across all ages. Approximately 800,000 people die by suicide every year representing a significant global health burden. Despite this burden, the molecular pathology of suicide remains poorly understood. A number of recent studies have shown that epigenetic alterations are associated with suicidal behaviour. These epigenetic mechanisms, which act to regulate gene expression via modifications to DNA, histone [...]

1809 12297

Open Access Technical Note

Quality Assurance/Quality Control of Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization Tests in Hematologic Malignancies

Received: 22 July 2018;  Published: 03 October 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1804038

Abstract

Because of its’ simplicity, reliability and cost-effectiveness, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a major technology that is widely applied in clinical diagnosis, especially for hematologic malignancies, even in the era of next-generation sequencing (NGS). In the Clinical Cytogenetics Laboratory at MD Anderson Cancer Center, over 15,000 FISH tests are performed each year, including approximately 1,000 BCR-ABL1 and 500 MYC FISH tests, respectively. In this chapter, we introduce the quality assurance/quali [...]

2839 19590

Open Access Original Research

Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of Two Murine Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

Received: 30 July 2018;  Published: 19 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803037

Abstract

(1) Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in human and the fourth leading cause of adult man’s death. Murine tumor cell lines have been established as a model system for CRC, but their cytogenetic properties have so far been only poorly understood. (2) Methods: The two murine colon tumor cell lines CMT-93 and CT26 (also called CT26.WT, CT-26 or CT-26 WT) were investigated in this study by molecular cytogenetic methods, i.e. by multicolor-fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH), muri [...]

2488 15337

Open Access Review

Histone O-GlcNAcylation and Potential Biological Functions

Received: 05 July 2018;  Published: 17 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803036

Abstract

Histone modifications play an important role in the control of DNA-based processes by altering the structure and function of chromatin. O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification is a form of post-translational modification of proteins that affects the serine (Ser)/threonine (Thr) residues. This process is controlled by a single pair of enzymes, i.e. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Recent evidence indicates the existence of O-GlcNAc modification of histones, with 16 histone O-GlcNAc site [...]

2218 14531

Open Access Case Report

Identification of a Small Supernumerary Marker Chromosome Involving 11p14.1q12.1 in a Prenatal Case: Clinical and Molecular Characterization

Received: 30 May 2018;  Published: 16 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803035

Abstract

Background: Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) are structurally abnormal chromosomes, and their characterization exclusively by banding cytogenetics is almost impossible. Multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization approaches for their characterization are effective but expensive and time-consuming. Recently, the application of molecular karyotyping has resulted in improving the characterization of sSMC. Methods: Molecular karyotyping was used for the identification of a sSMC in this study. Results: In [...]

2065 11211

Open Access Editorial

Introduction to the Special Issue on Next Generation Sequencing: Short General Overview of NGS

Received: 14 August 2018;  Published: 13 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803034

Abstract

he publication of the double helix DNA structure in 1953 [1] was the kick-off of numerous efforts to understand and unravel the complexity of the human genome. It took 50 years until the human genome project, based on Sanger sequencing, was completed in 2003 [2]. This was followed by what may be considered a revolution in the field of DNA analysis: the introduction of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in 2005 consisting of massively parallel sequencing of DNA fragments which allows the high throughput analysis of la [...]

1776 8557

Open Access Case Report

sSMC Characterization in a Male with Turner Syndrome Stigmata

Received: 23 March 2018;  Published: 07 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803033

Abstract

Background: Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) are rare cytogenetic findings in general, but especially in Turner syndrome so called sSMCT in a karyotype 46, X, +mar are even more scarce. According to the literature, sSMCT are derived from one of the Y-chromosomes in ~70% of the cases. Thus, to identify the presence of Y-chromosomal material is imperative, since these cases have an increased risk of gonadoblastoma deriving from the streak gonads. Methods: A 24-year-old short statured male presented with [...]

1696 9484

Open Access Review

Epigenetics of IgA Nephropathy: A Brief Review

Received: 27 May 2018;  Published: 06 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803032

Abstract

Immunoglobin A Nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Its development is characterized by the deposition of immune complexes that consist of abnormally galactosylated IgA1 molecules and IgG or IgA autoantibodies in the mesangium and the subsequent induction of renal injury. Recent research has shed light to many aspects of the pathogenesis of the disease, including the contribution of epigenetic modifications in its onset and progression. This review aims to present some of the [...]

1877 9467

Open Access Review

Uniparental Disomy and Imprinting Disorders

Received: 28 June 2018;  Published: 30 August 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803031

Abstract

Uniparental disomy (UPD), the inheritance of both homologues of a chromosome from only one parent, has been reported for nearly all human chromosomes. Depending on its mode of formation and time of occurrence, UPD can be present in all cells of an organism, or restricted to some cell lines as a mosaic UPD. Though its general frequency is unknown, it becomes clinically relevant when it produces homozygosity for recessive pathogenic variations or is associated with chromosomal imbalances. UPDs are well-known for thei [...]

2892 30241

Open Access Review

Prospects for Cure in Wilson Disease

Received: 18 July 2018;  Published: 22 August 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803030

Abstract

Wilson Disease is a monogenetic disorder of copper metabolism affecting the ATP7B gene. Treatment is lifelong and focuses on removal of copper to arrest disease progression and improve the clinical manifestations of copper toxicity. Currently the only cure is liver transplantation, however, lifelong monitoring and immunosuppressive medications are still needed afterwards. The possibility of introducing functional ATP7B gene through gene therapy provides an exciting potential option for achieving a more permanent cu [...]

1653 10781

Open Access Original Research

New Insights into the Epigenetic Activities of Natural Compounds

Received: 30 May 2018;  Published: 16 August 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803029

Abstract

Background: With their varied pharmacophores, natural products are interesting tools to open the drug discovery pipeline. Several plant secondary metabolites are components of the human diet and have reported epigenetic activities. In this study, we screened a small natural compound library for epigenetic activities. Methods: Seventy-one different natural products plus 17 controls collected from all collaborating laboratories were screened. Localized DNA methylation (DNAm) was studied on a stretch of the retinoic a [...]

1800 12378

Open Access Opinion

Runs of Homozygosity and Epigenetic Deregulation of Genomic Imprinting

Received: 29 May 2018;  Published: 15 August 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803028

Abstract

Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are uninterrupted contiguous regions within the genome exhibiting allelic homozygosity (alleles are inherited from the same parent). Genome-wide analyses consistently demonstrate that megabase-scale ROH are ubiquitous in humans, reflecting individual demographic history. The number and length of ROH correlate increasingly with the degree of consanguinity and can be associated with genetic diseases in both inbred and outbred individuals. Genomic imprinting and uniparental disomy (UPD) are [...]

1726 9232

Open Access Original Research

Newborn Screening Programs: Next Generation Ethical and Social Issues

Received: 19 October 2017;  Published: 14 August 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803027

Abstract

The benefits of neonatal screening programs are undeniable: children’s lives are saved, and disease burden and morbidity alleviated. Without a doubt, « classical » neonatal screening programs are in the best interests of newborns. Indeed, those screening programs are recognized among the ten most important public health achievements. However, newborn screening programs raise ethical, legal and social challenges. For example, which criteria should govern whether or not to include a disease in the list of screened co [...]

1944 14781

Open Access Original Research

Epigenetic Symmetry of DLGAP2: Pre-Implantation Maternal Methylation Switches to a Random Monoallelic Profile in Somatic Tissues

Received: 29 May 2018;  Published: 29 July 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803026

Abstract

Background: Symmetrical DNA methylation profiles of autosomal genes are associated with equal expression by both alleles. Genes with an allelic imbalance or monoallelic expression are associated with discrete intervals of allele-specific methylation (ASM), as highlighted by genomic imprinting, X-chromosome inactivation and genotype-driven ASM. However, a more complex pattern has been described in which random monoallelic methylation provides cells with a unique mechanism for modulating allelic dosage. Methods: We c [...]

2043 15501

Open Access Review

Experimental DNA- or RNA-Directed Therapies for Trinucleotide Repeat Disease

Received: 17 April 2018;  Published: 27 July 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803025

Abstract

Some repeats of three or more nucleotides in tandem, which are present in a gene or in its vicinity, tend to increase in number and for this reason are called dynamic mutations. These triplet repeats are unstable and can expand from one generation to the next. According to the expansion size, an unaffected individual can carry a pre-mutation that will expand through generations leading to the development of triplet repeat expansion diseases. The increase in the number of repeats over time leads to earlier developme [...]

1891 9284

Open Access Review

To Opt or Not to Opt for Preimplantation and/or Prenatal Genetic Testing?

Received: 05 June 2018;  Published: 23 July 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803024

Abstract

Both preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) and prenatal diagnosis (PND) are powerful tools to tackle the transmission of inherited disorders carried by families from generation to generation. Here, we present an overview of the current landscape of both methods and identify the pros and cons of each of these reproductive options. In prenatal testing, non-invasive diagnostic methods have become available as an alternative for invasive diagnosis. Different genome sequencing strategies have now been introduced that en [...]

1832 9500

Open Access Review

Unusual Ways to Lose a Y Chromosome and Survive with Changed Autosomes: a Story of Mole Voles Ellobius (Mammalia, Rodentia)

Received: 16 May 2018;  Published: 22 July 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803023

Abstract

Species of mole voles Ellobius demonstrate a broad variation in sex chromosomes and autosomes, which is unique among mammals. In four species, a Y chromosome was lost, and X0 or XX sex chromosomes in both sexes were obtained. The key testis-determining Sry (Sex-determining Region on Y) gene is absent in these species, and the regulation of its target, the Sox9 (SRY -box 9) gene, is questionable due to deletion in the key enhancer. In a single species, E. fuscocapillus, with routine XX-XY, the same deletion is prese [...]

2304 15425

Open Access Opinion

On Objectivity in Prenatal Genetic Care

Received: 16 April 2018;  Published: 12 June 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1802022

Abstract

We address an ongoing controversy over what health-care providers tell prospective parents about Down Syndrome (DS). Many parent, disability-rights, and anti-abortion activists believe that the messages that health-care professionals transmit to pregnant women and their partners are distorted. In their view, OB-GYNs, primary-care providers, clinical geneticists, midwives and other medical professionals generally assume that the quality of life for individuals with DS and their families is poor, whereas in fact, tho [...]

1930 10840

Open Access Technical Note

User-Friendly Approach to Gain Isolation of Interphase Cells for Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization

Received: 16 March 2018;  Published: 17 May 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1802021

Abstract

Background:Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can be performed on metaphase- and/or interphase cells. Metaphase cells can exclusively be obtained and studied after time-consuming cell culture. Therefore, this technique is suitable only for cells derived from peripheral blood, bone marrow or fibroblasts, the latter including skin, tumour or "prenatal tissues", such as the amnion or chorion. On the other hand, interphase cells can be gained from many different cells and even without cell culture. Methods:Here, [...]

1734 9658

Open Access Review

Non-Coding RNAs in Cutaneous Melanoma Development, Progression and Dissemination

Received: 13 March 2018;  Published: 15 May 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1802020

Abstract

Melanoma is a highly aggressive skin cancer with high incidence worldwide. There is growing evidence that aberrantly expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a role in the development, progression and dissemination of melanoma tumor cells. Among the many types of ncRNAs described in this review, the functions of micro- and long non-coding RNAs are described and related to the six hallmarks of cancer. Recently, ncRNAs discovered in body fluids have become known as one of the most promising groups of oncological bioma [...]

1772 9357

Open Access Concept Paper

German Guidelines for Molecular Genetic Diagnostic Testing Using High-throughput Technology, Such As Next-Generation Sequencing

Received: 24 September 2017;  Published: 28 April 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1802019

Abstract

On behalf of the German Society of Human Genetics, we present guidelines for molecular genetic diagnostic testing using high-throughput technology, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS). These guidelines have been formulated by an expert group and reviewed by members of the German Society of Human Genetics. Building on the existing EuroGentest guidelines for diagnostic NGS, these updated guidelines incorporate additional aspects and country-specific topics. New considerations include the introduction of a check [...]

2064 10927

Open Access Opinion

Moving Towards Routine Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT): Challenges Related to Women’s Autonomy

Received: 10 February 2018;  Published: 19 April 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1802018

Abstract

Women’s reproductive autonomy, and its translation into informed free choice regarding prenatal screening, is a dominant concept in the bioethical discourse concerning prenatal screening. This discourse is based on the premise that access to information regarding the pregnancy promotes autonomous decision-making. However, studies show that the offer of prenatal screening as a routine part of pregnancy care is not supported, to a large degree, by appropriate informed consent mechanisms. This means that the implement [...]

2530 15638

Open Access Original Research

Identification and Prioritization of Causal Variants of Human Genetic Disorders from Exome or Whole Genome Sequencing Data

Received: 24 October 2017;  Published: 16 April 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1802017

Abstract

Background: With genome sequencing entering clinics as a diagnostic tool to detect genetic disorders, there is an increasing need for bioinformatics-based solutions that enable precise causal variant identification in a timely manner. Workflows for the identification of candidate disease-causing variants usually perform the following tasks: i) identification of variants; ii) filtering of variants to remove polymorphisms and technical artifacts; and iii) prioritization of remaining variants to provide a small set of [...]

1927 11592

Open Access Review

Current Understanding of DNA Methylation and Age-related Disease

Received: 12 February 2018;  Published: 11 April 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1802016

Abstract

DNA methylation involves the covalent transfer of a methyl group to the C-5 position of the cytosine ring on a DNA strand. DNA methylation is both heritable and modifiable and can affect gene expression. In recent years, epigenome-wide association studies using high-throughput technologies have associated variation in DNA methylation levels with normal and pathological aging processes in human populations. DNA methylation patterns have been used to construct epigenetic clocks which can serve as potential biomarkers [...]

2779 45669

Open Access Original Research

Application of Clinical Next Generation Sequencing in Intensive Care Facilitates Rapid Diagnosis of Neonates with Rare Genetic Disorders

Received: 31 August 2017;  Published: 06 March 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1801015

Abstract

Background: Neonatal muscular hypotonia is a common clinical feature on neonatal intensive care units with a broad spectrum of etiologies. Besides more common and obvious underlying conditions like prematurity or Down syndrome many rare disorders with often poor prognosis need to be considered. Congenital brain malformations detected on ultrasound or/and magnetic resonance imaging might constitute the clinical hallmark in differential diagnosis. We report on our approach combining cerebral imaging and application o [...]

1815 10843

Open Access Review

Next Generation Sequencing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Received: 31 August 2017;  Published: 24 February 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1801014

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder is a clinically heterogeneous condition, characterized by social deficits, language impairment, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interest. Autism displays significant genetic heterogeneity. In the past one and a half decades, next generation sequencing has enabled identification of many variants that predispose to autism. These discoveries have improved understanding of the disease etiology of autism spectrum disorder. In this review article, we will address how development of next gene [...]

1906 12328

Open Access Opinion

Responsible Implementation of Expanded Screening Programs for Genetic Diseases at the Beginning of Life

Received: 13 July 2017;  Published: 11 February 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1801013

Abstract

Technology makes it possible to expand many of the current screening programs. Initiatives for preconception screening of carrier status of recessive diseases, prenatal screening of aneuploidies and neonatal screening were initially undertaken by targeting one or at most, a few, conditions. Tandem mass spectrometry and genomic technologies, such as sequencing and panel testing, make it possible to increase the scope of these programs to include more disorders or markers. While inclusion of a larger number of condit [...]

1583 7213

Open Access Editorial

Special Issue: Treatment of Genetic Disease

Received: 18 January 2018;  Published: 31 January 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1801012

Abstract

With the increasing ability to control infectious and nutritional diseases in developed countries, there has come the realization that genetic and epigenetic regulation in diseases are a major cause of disability, death, and human tragedy. Here, I discuss current knowledge about this matter including the diagnosis, counseling, treatment and management as well as some current therapeutic interventions such as gene, stem cell, epigenetic therapies and future directions in the field.

1650 11586

Open Access Original Research

Next Generation Sequencing and Pediatric Brain Tumors: Detection of Cancer Predisposition Syndromes in Patients and Their Families

Received: 01 September 2017;  Published: 05 December 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1704011

Abstract

The study “Molecular Neuropathology 2.0” (MNP2.0) offers an integrated histo-molecular diagnosis including the detection of potential therapeutic targets for a large cohort of pediatric patients with primary CNS tumors. After obtaining parental and/or patient consent, in this study germline DNA analysis of all study subjects bridges the gap between scientific genetic analysis and medical care. The study’s workflow takes into consideration the conditions of a multicenter study, legal stipulations, as well as the nee [...]

1897 10132

Open Access Review

Carrier Screening for Cystic Fibrosis: Past, Present and Future

Received: 31 July 2017;  Published: 01 November 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1704010

Abstract

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is one of the commonest autosomal recessive genetic diseases that show a high carrier frequency amongst Caucasian populations. Although there has been tremendous progress in the available therapies, compared to the past, the disease is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Because of the severe clinical manifestations and the shortened life expectancy of patients, population based carrier screening, to identify heterozygous carrier couples at risk of having affected childre [...]

1901 11413

Open Access Review

Preimplantation Genetic Screening

Received: 11 August 2017;  Published: 26 October 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1704009

Abstract

The main aim of PGS has always been to improve IVF outcome, especially in patient groups assumed to have higher rates of chromosomally abnormal embryos, such as patients of advanced maternal age. In that sense, PGS is quite different from other types of screening as discussed in other papers in this issue.Today it bears no doubt that blastocysts found to be uniformly aneuploid in a biopsy will fail to implant, or worse, will implant and lead to a pregnancy and birth carrying a major chromosomal abnormality, such as [...]

1478 8736

Open Access Review

The Role of Epigenetics in Developmental Programming and the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

Received: 20 June 2017;  Published: 19 October 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1704008

Abstract

A number of epidemiological studies have suggested that environmental stresses, such as malnutrition during the fetal period, can induce development of metabolic disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension, and and even psychiatric disorders in later life. This theory model is known as the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory, in which postulates that “epigenetic memories”, involving DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNA expression, are induced by environmental [...]

2072 18120

Open Access Review

Prenatal Screening for Fetal Aneuploidy

Received: 01 August 2017;  Published: 26 September 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1703007

Abstract

Prenatal genetic aneuploidy screening approaches are designed to identify pregnant patients at increased risk of having a fetus affected. Conventional prenatal screening has consisted in providing women a risk estimate of having a pregnancy affected with trisomy 21 or trisomy 18 based on maternal age and analysis of serum markers and ultrasound nuchal translucency (NT) measurement. In 2011, the introduction of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) based screening into clinical practice has provided new options for aneuploidy scree [...]

1628 10801

Open Access Review

Avoiding the Technological Imperative: Criteria for Genetic Screening Programs

Received: 30 July 2017;  Published: 21 September 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1703006

Abstract

Genetic screening is the process of systematically evaluating a defined population for genetic conditions or predispositions, in the hope of providing benefit to those with a positive result. With advances in sequencing technology, genetic screening is moving from phenotype-based to genotype-based testing. Although sequencing technology offers expanded opportunities for early identification of disease, the availability of a suitable and acceptable test is not a sufficient justification to proceed: established crite [...]

1752 10083

Open Access Review

Carrier Screening for the Haemoglobinopathies: Past, Present and Future

Received: 03 July 2017;  Published: 14 August 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1703005

Abstract

Carrier screening for the haemoglobinopathies has undergone many technological improvements in haematological and molecular diagnostic techniques since the first prenatal diagnoses by DNA analysis in the 1970s by Southern blot analysis enabled the implementation of effective successful prevention programmes for beta thalassaemia involving public education, carrier screening, genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis in Mediterranean countries. The application of a wide variety of PCR-based molecular diagnostic tec [...]

1991 17340

Open Access Opinion

Genes, Culture, and Human Evolution

Received: 10 April 2017;  Published: 02 June 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1702004

Abstract

none, this is an opinion piece

1397 8995

Open Access Book Review

An Introduction to Molecular Anthropology. By Mark Stoneking. Wiley-Blackwell: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2017; $129.95; ISBN: 978-1-118-06162-6.

Received: 13 April 2017;  Published: 26 April 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1702003

Abstract

Mark Stoneking, who is a member of the Editorial Board of OBM Genetics has written a textbook on molecular anthropology

1343 7764

Open Access Review

Mechanisms of Origin and Clinical Effects of Multiple Small Supernumerary Marker Chromosomes, Each Derived from a Different Chromosome

Received: 15 November 2016;  Published: 10 February 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1701002

Abstract

Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs) are centric chromosome fragments additionally present in an otherwise normal human chromosome set that cannot be characterized by classical cytogenetic techniques alone. The majority of sSMCs are not yet related to a defined clinical phenotype. We compiled from the literature all 78 cases with multiple sSMCs per cell in which the chromosomal origin of the sSMCs has been identified. The number of sSMCs varies from 2 to 7; 64% have 2 sSMCs, 14% have 3 sSMCs, and the freq [...]

1575 10594

Open Access Editorial

Treasure Your Exceptions and Submit These to OBM Genetics

Received: 16 January 2017;  Published: 10 February 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1701001

851 6552

Open Access Original Research

Paranitrophenol and Organic Azo Dye Degradation: Catalytic Power of Terminalia Leaf Silver Nanoparticles

Received: 19 September 2025;  Published: 01 December 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2504010

Abstract

Terminalia species is a widely available plant that can be used to synthesise silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and harness their catalytic capacity. This experimental design will explore the potential of Terminalia AgNPs in contributing to the degradation process of toxic chemicals generated by industries such as textiles, food, and pharmaceuticals. This research uses four leaf varieties of Terminalia species—T. arjuna, T. bellirica, T. chebula, and T. catappa—to synthesize AgNPs, evaluate their optimal synthesis condi [...]

101 670

Open Access Original Research

Fabrication of CuO-Decorated Fe2O3 Nanoparticles as Efficient and Durable Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Received: 09 August 2025;  Published: 07 November 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2504009

Abstract

The electrochemical water oxidation application of CuO@Fe2O3 materials as potential catalysts is being reported for the first time. A series of CuO@Fe2O3 with different molar ratios of CuO (5, 7, 10, 12, and 15%) was fabricated through precipitation followed by the impregnation method. Structural and electrochemical studies were carried out by using different analytical platforms, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive [...]

252 1265

Open Access Editorial

The Next Frontier in Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

Received: 24 October 2025;  Published: 03 November 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2504008

383 1630

Open Access Editorial

Advances in Photocatalytic Methods for Organic Pollutant Removal

Received: 01 July 2025;  Published: 03 August 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2503007

837 3414

Open Access Editorial

Catalysis for Biomass Conversion: Pioneering Emission Control and Sustainable Energy Futures

Received: 08 July 2025;  Published: 10 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2503006

832 3884

Open Access Editorial

Catalysis, Meet the Machine: From Models to Meaning

Received: 25 June 2025;  Published: 27 June 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2502005

571 3536

Open Access Review

Lignocellulosic Biomass and Enzymes: Fundamentals, Emerging Technologies, and Applications

Received: 25 January 2025;  Published: 19 June 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2502004

Abstract

Lignocelluloses are complex plant polysaccharides made of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, and products made from these components find immense market potential. They can be effectively valorized to products related to bioenergy, bioplastics, food and nutrition, medication delivery systems, and other elements. Significant sources of lignocellulosic biomass include sugarcane bagasse, corn cob, rice straw, potato haulms, cocoa pods, etc. Enzyme-based valorization processes find immense potential, as they are eco [...]

821 6426

Open Access Original Research

Soil Treatment from Hazardous Particles Using Designed Nanosensors: A Physical and Chemical Analysis

Received: 11 November 2024;  Published: 06 March 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2501003

Abstract

Being critical to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, strengthening understanding of the properties and processes of soil at national and regional scales is imperative. The target of this research is removing transition metals of Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn, W, Cd from soil due to nanomaterial-based boron nitride nanocage (B5N10-nc). The electromagnetic and thermodynamic attributes of toxic transition metals trapped in B5N10-nc were depicted by materials modeling. It has been studied the behavi [...]

707 3847

Open Access Original Research

Catalytic Performance of CO:Ni Mixed Oxide Based Catalyst for Green Fuel Synthesis from Biomass Derived Citrullus Colocynthis Oil

Received: 18 September 2024;  Published: 08 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2501002

Abstract

This study aimed to synthesize nickel oxide (NiO) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) based catalysts for synthesizing biodiesel from Citrullus colocynthis oil. Cobalt-nickel mixed oxide catalysts made by co-precipitation technique with different Cobalt to Nickel ratios and named Co:Ni (50:50), Co:Ni (67:33), and Co:Ni (33:67). The Characterization of these synthesized catalysts was performed by XRD and SEM analysis. The transesterification process checked the catalytic activity of these catalysts, and it was found that Co:Ni [...]

1546 7664

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Catalysis Research in 2024

Received: 02 January 2025;  Published: 02 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2501001

Abstract

The editors of Catalysis Research would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2024. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the Web [...]

498 3073

Open Access Editorial

MOF-based Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Frontier in Sustainable Chemical Transformations

Received: 02 December 2024;  Published: 05 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2404014

1048 6797

Open Access Editorial

Opportunities and Challenges of Molecular Catalysts

Received: 28 November 2024;  Published: 02 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2404013

910 4007

Open Access Editorial

Advanced Catalysis for Green Fuel Production from Biomass and Wastes

Received: 19 August 2024;  Published: 22 August 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403012

881 4849

Open Access Review

Exploration of Molybdenum Oxide Compounds-A Review

Received: 17 February 2024;  Published: 09 August 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403011

Abstract

The evolution of nanomaterials has been critical in modifying materials at the nanoscale for specialized uses. Carbon nanotubes were initially viewed as promising for electronics, but their inability to discriminate between semiconducting and metallic phases led to the creation of quasi-two-dimensional (Q-2D) materials. Molybdenum nanoparticles are utilized as alloy additions in corrosive and high-vacuum environments. Their characteristics differ significantly from those of their bulk counterparts. This review anal [...]

3401 21429

Open Access Original Research

Leaf Mediated Curcuma sp. Silver Nanoparticles as Catalyst - Evaluating Their Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Para-Nitrophenol Catalytic and Photocatalytic Activity

Received: 29 April 2024;  Published: 22 July 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403010

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a fast-rising market in catalytic research; however, the production of eco-friendly nanoparticles remains a significant challenge. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the agro-industrial waste of leaves of C. longa, C. aromatica, C. caesia, C. zedoaria, and C. amada at RT after 24 h, which was confirmed with UV-spectrophotometric evaluation between 320-520 nm. SEM revealed cubic and 30-50 nm AgNPs, while band-gap energy was presented as semi-conductors. Synthesized Ag [...]

1131 7396

Open Access Research Article

Kinetic Model for the Hydrolysis of Olive Oil by Lipase in Absence of Emulsifier

Received: 27 March 2024;  Published: 18 July 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403009

Abstract

Lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of olive oil has been studied in the absence of emulsifier. A simple mathematical model to predict the hydrolysis rate is derived from a proposed kinetic mechanism of the reaction. The hydrolytic reaction obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a simultaneous second-order enzyme deactivation. The model predictions closely agree with the experimental results.

1181 8280

Open Access Original Research

Effective Photogeneration of Singlet Oxygen and High Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of Porous Mn-Doped ZnO-ZrO2 Nanocomposites

Received: 06 April 2024;  Published: 03 July 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403008

Abstract

Disperse porous Mn-doped ZnO-ZrO2 nanocomposites were prepared using the facile polymer-salt method. The effect of Mn content on the crystal structure, composite morphologies, their ability to photogenate the singlet oxygen, luminescence properties, and bactericidal activities were studied. The crystal structure and morphology of these materials were investigated using XRD and SEM analysis. It was found that obtained nanocomposites consist of small (~9 nm) hexagonal ZnO and fine ZrO2 crystals and the embedding of M [...]

811 6349

Open Access Original Research

Determination of Reflectance Spectra and Colorimetry of Titanium and Tungsten Oxides Obtained by Microwave-assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis

Received: 04 February 2024;  Published: 01 July 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403007

Abstract

Sustainability has driven the use of heterogeneous photocatalysis as one of the primary methods for environmental decontamination, reduction, degradation, remediation, or transformation of polluting chemical residues and purification treatment of effluents and wastewater. TiO2 is the most commonly used semiconductor in heterogeneous photocatalysis. It acquires relevance, as it has favorable properties, such as non-toxicity, stability in a wide range of pH, economic viability, etc., which encourage its application a [...]

787 5198

Open Access Review

llmenite and Biomass Composite Nanomaterials - A Review

Received: 10 April 2024;  Published: 13 June 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2402006

Abstract

Ilmenite is a mineral whose crystallinity can be altered by chemical treatment, producing TiO2 and iron and titanium-based metal nanocomposites, which are applicable mainly for photocatalysis. Porous and crystalline biomass-derived carbon materials include graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphitic carbon nitride, catalytically graphitized sucrose and chitosan, and activated carbon. Ilmenite-based metal oxides coupled with biomass-based carbon materials are effective in environmental remediation, especially [...]

1071 7640

Open Access Original Research

A Remarkable Pt Doped CNT Catalyst as a Double Functional Material: Its Application for Hydrogen Production and Supercapacitor

Received: 25 December 2023;  Published: 15 May 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2402005

Abstract

In this study, by producing bifunctional material, hydrolysis, and supercapacitor applications were investigated. The carbon nanotube-supported Pt catalyst was prepared using the sodium borohydride (NaBH4) reduction. Surface characterization of the synthesized Pt/CNT catalyst was performed using scanning electron microscopy-energy dıstrıbutıon X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Hydrolysis experiments were performed after deciding on the appropriate ato [...]

1019 6629

Open Access Editorial

Solid Catalysts – New Perspectives and Applications

Received: 31 March 2024;  Published: 09 April 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2402004

1006 6563

Open Access Original Research

The Effect of SnO2 and Rh on Pt Nanowire Catalysts for Ethanol Oxidation

Received: 24 November 2023;  Published: 11 March 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2401003

Abstract

In this study, we synthesized Pt-Rh nanowires (NWs) through chemical reduction of metallic precursors using formic acid at room temperature, excluding the use of surfactants, templates, or stabilizing agents. These NWs were supported on two substrates: carbon (Vulcan XC-72R) and carbon modified with tin oxide (SnO2) via the sol-gel method (10 wt.% SnO2). We explored the electroactivity of Pt/SnO2/C, Pt-Rh/C, Pt-Rh/SnO2(commercial)/C (commercial SnO2), and Pt-Rh/SnO2/C NWs toward electrochemical oxidation of ethanol [...]

1548 8013

Open Access Research Article

Synthesis of NaA Zeolite: Conventional Route and Green Route

Received: 24 October 2023;  Published: 28 January 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2401002

Abstract

The research describes a sustainable approach for the synthesis of zeolite NaA using kaolin as an alternative source of silica. The main objective of this research was to prepare NaA zeolite using metakaolin derived from kaolin from the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, as an alternative source of silica, reducing the production cost and evaluating its thermal stability. In addition, a study of the thermal stability of the zeolite and cost estimates for zeolite production were carried out. Traditional methods o [...]

1599 11124

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Catalysis Research in 2023

Received: 03 January 2024;  Published: 04 January 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2401001

Abstract

The editors of Catalysis Research would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2023. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal’s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to th [...]

709 4829

Open Access Research Article

NaY Zeolite Synthesis from Vermiculite and Modification with Surfactant

Received: 24 October 2023;  Published: 26 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304031

Abstract

This work focuses on preparing NaY zeolite using alternative sources of silica and modifying the zeolite with the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Two different hydrothermal synthesis routes were employed: the conventional method using sodium silicate as the silica source, and the other is a sustainable approach using vermiculite clay as the silica source. In traditional zeolite synthesis, sodium silicate is often used as the source of silica. However, . The vermiculite was subjected to an acid treatment, [...]

1629 9729

Open Access Research Article

Synthesis of SAPO-34 Zeolite Membrane: Influence of Sources of Silica

Received: 03 October 2023;  Published: 11 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304030

Abstract

The research described the production and characterization of various materials, particularly alpha-alumina ceramic supports, zeolite SAPO-34, and zeolite membranes. Ceramic supports were manufactured through dry uniaxial compaction. Sintering of the supports was carried out at 1300°C for 2 h. SAPO-34 zeolites and zeolite membranes were synthesized through a hydrothermal process involving two steps: a first step at 38°C for 24 h and a second step at 200°C for 24 h. The research aimed to determine how different sili [...]

1355 10576

Open Access Original Research

In Water High Yield and Selectivity of CH4 and H2 Production from CO2 Using UVC Light and a SiO2-surface-modified TiO2 Photocatalysts

Received: 25 August 2023;  Published: 05 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304029

Abstract

To improve CH4 and H2 formation from CO2 photoreduction using non-organic, non-laborious, and inexpensive photocatalysts, we have prepared two surface-silicate-modified TiO2 catalysts: P25-SiO2 and AmTiO2-SiO2 (amorphous TiO2) to be tested in water and using UV light. The last catalyst produces more CH4 and H2 in water than P25 (3:1 TiO2 anatase: rutile) under UV light irradiation of HCO3- and CO2; am-TiO2-SiO2 at pH = 7, produces 8 times more CH4 and H2 than P25 with selectivity at the reactor headspace of 30% and [...]

1560 8135

Open Access Research Article

Nano Metal Oxide Frameworks (NOF): Development of New Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Furan Derivatives from Glucose

Received: 01 June 2023;  Published: 21 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304028

Abstract

A surface modification approach has prepared a nanostructured organic framework connecting two metal oxide NPs. The surface modifier attached two metal oxide NPs via molecular interaction to generate modular structures of fiber, rod, or sponge materials. Thus, obtained hybrid systems have been confirmed through FT-IR, TGA, PXRD, and SEM. Metal oxides such as Fe3O4 and MgO generated mixed materials via the surface modification approach. Thus, obtained materials have been successfully used to dehydrate biomass-derive [...]

1686 8316

Open Access Research Article

Impact of Pt-Ni Nanoparticle Architecture on Electrocatalytic Oxidation Reaction in Fuel Cells

Received: 04 September 2023;  Published: 16 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304027

Abstract

This paper investigates how the aggregation of bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) influences the electronic condition of the surface adsorption site and, hence, the performance of materials during the electrooxidation of fuels in an alkaline medium. First, we synthesized Pt-Ni NPs in three configurations: ordered intermetallic, ordinary alloy, and core-shell. The NPs contained Pt and Ni close to a 1:1 Pt/Ni atomic ratio. They had similar particle sizes, which allowed us to evaluate their performance without the influen [...]

1347 7601

Open Access Review

Enzymes in Poly(Butylene-Succinate) Industry: An Overview on Synthesis Routes and Post-Processing Strategies

Received: 16 June 2023;  Published: 08 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304026

Abstract

This paper will present some sectors in which enzymes can replace traditional catalysts in poly(butylene-succinate) industry, emphasizing the green chemistry aspects associated with these newer strategies.

1405 12410

Open Access Original Research

Tungstophosphate Intercalated ZnAl Layered Double Hydroxide for Adsorptive and Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic Decolourisation of Organic Dyes

Received: 21 December 2022;  Published: 13 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304025

Abstract

Tungstophosphate (PW12O403-) intercalated ZnAl-Layered double hydroxide (ZnAl-PW12) was successfully synthesized through the rehydration of calcined LDH. Chemical analyses and characterizations by powder XRD, FT-IR, and Diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectra confirmed the intercalation of PW12O403- ions equivalent to ~80% of the residual positive charge in the brucite layer. The efficiency of ZnAl-PW12 for decolourisation of four structurally different cationic/anionic dyes through simultaneous adsorption and photocata [...]

1163 7912

Open Access Short Review

Perovskite Oxide Thermoelectric Module - A Way Forward

Received: 27 July 2023;  Published: 11 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304024

Abstract

In the era of renewable and sustainable energy, perovskite materials remain pioneers as energy harvesting materials, be it thermoelectric waste heat harvesting or photovoltaic solar cell application. Oxide perovskite material is an emerging thermoelectric material in solving energy shortage issues through waste heat recovery. The chemical and structural stabilities, oxidation resistance, and cost-effective and straightforward manufacturing process are a few advantages of the oxide-based thermoelectric materials. Th [...]

1693 9876

Open Access Editorial

Nb2O5: Percentage Effect of T/H Phase and Evaluation of Catalytic Activity, a Preliminary Study

Received: 18 September 2023;  Published: 22 September 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2303023

Abstract

Due to its similar characteristics to titanium, niobium has become an attractive alternative in photocatalytic processes. Research indicates that titania has an optimal percentage of phases resulting in a commercial catalyst, P25, that contains more than 70% anatase with a minor amount of rutile and a small amount of amorphous phase. On the other hand, for Nb2O5, percentage optimization was little explored in the literature, which consists of studying the phases obtained via heat treatment individually and in diffe [...]

1287 7455

Open Access Original Research

Enhancing Kerosene Selectivity of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis by Periodical Pore Drainage Via Hydrogenolysis

Received: 27 June 2023;  Published: 12 September 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2303022

Abstract

Accumulation of wax inside the catalyst pores during transient cobalt-catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) leads to unfavorable product distribution and low activity by imposing internal mass transfer limitations. The condensation of paraffin severely changes the apparent product stream that actually leaves the reactor before the catalyst pores are filled completely and the steady state is reached. Thus, the product distribution of the transient FTS is less complex than expected in comparison to the steady-sta [...]

1598 12616

Open Access Original Research

Research and Application of Modified ZSM-5 for the Process of Alkylation of Oil Distillate Fractions

Received: 20 April 2023;  Published: 10 August 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2303021

Abstract

In the oil distillate fraction alkylation process, a modified Zr zeolite ZSM-5 was obtained and studied. The modification was executed using a method that impregnated ZSM-5 with a 5% solution of ZrOCl2∙6H2O. X-ray diffraction studies were conducted on zeolite ZSM-5, zirconyl chloride modifier ZrOCl2∙6H2O, and modified zeolite ZSM-5-ZrO2, which was calcined at temperatures of 200, 400, and 550°C. The results revealed that the phase composition of modified ZSM-5-ZrO2 zeolite samples varied depending on the calcinatio [...]

932 7130

Open Access Review

Recent Development of Photocatalytic Application Towards Wastewater Treatment

Received: 15 April 2023;  Published: 05 July 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2303020

Abstract

With increasing population levels and rapidly growing industries worldwide, the purification of water contaminated with different impurities is one of the biggest challenges we face in recent times. Photocatalysis holds great potential as an efficient mineralization process to remove the foreign matter present in wastewater. Rapid advancement in innovative materials development has made photocatalysis the frontrunner among different water treatment methods. Our main priority lies in different strategic approaches t [...]

1890 15903

Open Access Research Article

Production and Characterization of Carboxymethylcellulase by Submerged Fermentation of Moniliophthora perniciosa

Received: 24 December 2022;  Published: 12 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302019

Abstract

Microorganisms that are capable of degrading lignocellulolytic materials can produce extracellular cellulase complexes. Microorganisms are an excellent alternative for the production of cellulolytic complex, since these sources have a high power of multiplication. In this work, we researched the production by the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa. The production and pH and temperature optimum optimization were studied by Response surface methodology and carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) characterization. Thermal stabi [...]

953 7009

Open Access Research Article

Influence of Bifunctional PtZn/SiO2 and H-ZSM-5 Catalyst on the Rates and Selectivity of Propene Aromatization

Received: 28 March 2023;  Published: 06 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302018

Abstract

Previous studies on the conversion of olefins to aromatics with bifunctional Ga- or Zn-ZSM-5 catalysts have concluded that benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) yields are significantly higher than for ZSM-5 alone. These results were attributed to the higher aromatic dehydrogenation rate of Ga or Zn. In this study, a highly active, bifunctional PtZn/SiO2 (1.3 wt% Pt, 2.6 wt% Zn) with H-ZSM-5 (Si/Al = 40) catalyst is investigated for propene aromatization at 723 K and 823 K. At low to moderate propene conversions, in [...]

1057 8771

Open Access Original Research

Synthesis and Characterization of MCM-41 Nanomaterials Containing Titanium and Application for Catalytic Oxidation of BTEX

Received: 17 August 2022;  Published: 30 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302017

Abstract

The TiO2/MCM-41 nanomaterials were synthesized by impregnation with an excess solvent with different percentages of titanium dioxide. They were used for catalytic degradation of Benzene Toluene Ethylbenzene and Xylenes (BTEX) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous media. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption using the BET method and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The nanostructured phase of the hexagonal ordered materials was obtained even [...]

1393 9469

Open Access Research Article

Obtaining TiO2 Nanostructures by Electrospinning and Analysis of Absorbance in the UVA Spectrum for Photocatalytic Application

Received: 14 December 2022;  Published: 17 April 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302016

Abstract

The synthesis of fibers by electrospinning allows for obtaining nanostructures of one-dimensional materials with good flexibility, optical and catalytic properties, high surface area and porosity. They can be used in applications such as: catalysts, solar cells, fuel cells, membranes, and hydrogen batteries, among others. Here we emphasize that few reports in the literature describe the existing synergism between the optical and photocatalytic properties of TiO2, and the influence of this synergism on the formation [...]

894 6501

Open Access Original Research

Organic Structure-Directing Agent Free Synthesis of Mordenite with Seeds, Used as A Support for Mo Catalysts in the Transesterification of Soybean Oil

Received: 20 December 2022;  Published: 07 April 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302015

Abstract

This work prepared mordenite using seeds and without organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs). The Mo/Mordenite was prepared through wet impregnation and the catalysts’ performance was checked for transesterification of soybean oil with methanol. The mordenite zeolite was prepared through hydrothermal crystallization under static conditions with a molar composition of 6Na2O:Al2O3:30SiO2:780H2O. The catalyst samples were characterized crystallinity through X-ray diffraction, elemental composition by X-ray fluoresc [...]

1053 8567

Open Access Original Research

Spectrophotometric and Spectrofluorimetric Quantification of Urea via Silver Nanoparticles Prepared by Wet Chemical Method

Received: 09 November 2022;  Published: 15 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301014

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles have been utilized in an easy, sensitive, and effective approach through spectrophotometry and spectrofluorimetry to quantify urea in water samples. Here, 1,3-di-(1H-imidazole-1-yl) -2-propanol (DIPO) was employed to stabilize Ag NPs produced from the reduction of aqueous silver nitrate by sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Beer-Lambert's law was applied for determination using the complexation of Ag NPs with urea molecules. The results show urea can be assessed concurrently with good results and perc [...]

1666 13244

Open Access Original Research

Cost-Effective Biodiesel Synthesis from Waste Marble Powder as A Green Heterogeneous Catalyst Using Pongamia Pinnata Oil

Received: 08 December 2022;  Published: 13 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301013

Abstract

Waste marble powder (WMP) is Investigated for developing heterogeneous catalysts by calcination method and used in biodiesel synthesis by esterification-transesterification process from Pongamia Pinnata oil. Hammet indicators, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) techniques were also studied for the characterization of developed catalyst from waste marble powder (WMP). The conversion of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide in marble powder was found at 800 [...]

1377 9432

Open Access Original Research

Sustainable Synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Nanoparticles and Application in the Adsorption of the Drug Chlorhexidine

Received: 06 December 2022;  Published: 13 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301012

Abstract

In an attempt to synthesize nanomaterial concerning chemistry, the sustainable synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles by a low-cost approach through the recycling of waste mother liquors was explored and then indicated the potential to remove chlorhexidine (CHLX) from an aqueous solution. ZIF-8 was produced under solvothermal reaction at 25°C and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, adsorption/desorption of N2, dynamic light scattering and con [...]

1743 14407

Open Access Research Article

Morpholine-Based Novel Ionic Liquid for Synthesis and Characterization of Triazolidinethiones and Their Biological Properties

Received: 03 December 2022;  Published: 12 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301011

Abstract

Keeping the green chemistry approach in mind we have synthesized a novel morpholine-based ionic liquid [NBMMorph]+Br-. The structure of Ionic liquid was confirmed by spectral techniques viz. IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR, analysis. The synthesized novel IL [NBMMorph]+Br- was utilized to prepare 1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thiones of biological significance. The [NBMMorph]+Br- IL shows excellent catalytic activity, and a simple filtration technique can separate the thiazolidinedione products. The structure of the synthesized com [...]

1591 10475

Open Access Original Research

Adsorption of Rhodamine-B (RhB) and Regeneration of MCM-41 Mesoporous Silica

Received: 01 November 2022;  Published: 01 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301010

Abstract

Rhodamine (RhB) adsorption was carried out on MCM-41 and MCM-41 calcined. The effect of parameters such as pH was investigated. The reusability potential of MCM-41 was also established and the mechanism of RhB adsorption was discussed. MCM-41 was synthesized and calcined, with all samples characterized by X-Ray Diffractometry, X-ray Fluorescence by Dispersive Energy, Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Thermogravimetric analysis. The results of the characterization techniques performed confirme [...]

1287 10607

Open Access Original Research

Methanol Synthesis Catalyst Waste as the Principal Component of New Sustainable Cementless Concrete

Received: 08 December 2022;  Published: 27 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301009

Abstract

Methanol synthesis catalyst (MSC) waste was applied as the principal component (till 70 wt.%) of sustainable ceramics in composites with bauxite processing waste (RM), and waste foundry sand (FS). The results of the initial components' chemical interaction studies by a complex of methods (XRD, SEM/EDS/mapping, AAS and LAMMA) during heating demonstrated the synthesis of amorphous glasslike new formation, their filling of pores and compaction of the ceramic’s structure. In this case, a strong chemical and mechanical [...]

1053 8322

Open Access Research Article

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Meat Waste for a Circular Economy

Received: 30 December 2022;  Published: 16 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301008

Abstract

This work demonstrates the possibility of implementing a technology that allows profitable value to be drawn from the meat waste from retail stores. Protein hydrolysate, collagen and fatty acids were recovered from meat waste through enzymatic hydrolysis using a mixture of enzymes: a protease (Alcalase) and a lipase (Resinase). Enzymatic hydrolysis was studied by response surface methodology (RMS). Four independent variables were used to study the response variables. The analysis showed that all factors including p [...]

1464 10457

Open Access Original Research

Zn(OCOCH3)2·2H2O Catalysed Efficient Preparation of 2-Phenyl-4-Arylmethylidene-5-Oxazolinones under Ultrasonic Condition

Received: 30 September 2022;  Published: 15 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301007

Abstract

2-Phenyl-4-arylmethylidene-5-oxazolinones were synthesized in very high yield by subjecting a mixture of an aryl aldehyde/heterocyclic aldehyde/cinnamaldehyde and hippuric acid in anhydrous acetic anhydride and catalytic Zn(OCOCH3)2·2H2O to ultrasonication at 35 KHz for 4 to 8 min. This method has many advantages: use of a green catalyst; yields are high, involves easy workup procedure, is energy efficient and economically feasible.

1246 7664

Open Access Research Article

The Effects of Ge Substrate Surface States and Au Catalyst Layer Thickness on the Growth of Different GexOy Nanomaterials and Nanocrystals Configurations Using Vapor-Liquid-Solid Method with two Steps Temperature Mode

Received: 01 September 2022;  Published: 31 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301006

Abstract

Recently the GexOy nanomaterials have been studying intensively due to their interesting electronic materials, which have many particular properties and applications in nanotechnology and nano-devices fabrication. Much work has been done on many different synthesis methods and their properties of Ge and GexOy nanomaterials. However, the effects of the different Ge substrate surface states and Au catalyst layer thicknesses on the formation of different forms/morphologies of nanomaterials (nanowires, nanorods, nanopa [...]

974 8834

Open Access Original Research

Pd-Ni-B/C Nanocatalysts for Electrochemical Oxidation of Ethanol in Alkaline Media

Received: 06 September 2022;  Published: 19 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301005

Abstract

This paper describes the synthesis of Pd0.70-Nix-By nanoparticles (x:y = 0.30:0, 0:0.30, 0.25:0.05, 0.20:0.10, 0.15:0.15, and 0.10:0.20) supported on carbon Vulcan XC-72 R by the chemical reduction method using ethylene glycol as a reducing agent for the study of the electrochemical oxidation of ethanol in alkaline media. Neither surfactants nor templates were used during the syntheses. The catalysts were physically characterized by transmission electron microscopy that showed the formation of nanoparticles with di [...]

1451 9796

Open Access Original Research

Fungal Laccase-Mediated Enhancement of the Bioactivity of Green Algae Extracts

Received: 01 December 2022;  Published: 19 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301004

Abstract

Biomass derived from green marine macroalgae Ulva sp. is considered a rich source of bioactive compounds. In the present study, we demonstrate the increased bioactivity of a phenolic-rich extract derived from green marine macroalgae Ulva intestinalis after its treatment with fungal laccases from Trametes versicolor and Agaricus bisporus. The phenolic composition of the extract, before and after its enzymatic treatment, was determined through several analytical methods. Furthermore, the antioxidant, enzyme-inhibitor [...]

1727 10995

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Catalysis Research in 2022

Received: 04 January 2023;  Published: 04 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301003

Abstract

The editors of Catalysis Research would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2022. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal’s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next LIDSEN publication and can download a certificate of recogn [...]

680 4999

Open Access Research Article

Iron Doped Titania/Polyaniline Composite: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Acidic Medium

Received: 15 September 2022;  Published: 04 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301002

Abstract

The development of noble metal-free catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is the primary challenge in fuel production to replace fossil fuels. Here, we have synthesized Fe-doped TiO2/PANI nanocomposite via facile in situ polymerization method and studied its electrocatalytic activity towards HER. The composite catalyzes HER efficiently with an overpotential value of -180 mV vs. RHE in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm-2 and also possesses unique stability of 8 h. However, a un [...]

1267 8427

Open Access Research Article

Enhancement of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis by Periodical Draining of the Wax-Filled Pores of a Cobalt Catalyst by Hydrogenolysis

Received: 27 September 2022;  Published: 03 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301001

Abstract

Fischer-Tropsch reactors operated in a steady state suffer from a low pore effectiveness factor and a high methane selectivity caused by internal mass transfer limitations due to the accumulation of long-chain hydrocarbons inside the catalyst pores. Therefore, an alternating process switching between Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) and drainage of the pores by hydrogenolysis is proposed. The periodical cracking of the accumulated waxes within the (partially) filled pores, realized by a switch from syngas (H2, CO) t [...]

1581 13464

Open Access Research Article

Ethanol Oxidation on Gold Nanowire Containing Oxygen Impurities: A Study by Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Received: 10 October 2022;  Published: 14 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204043

Abstract

Linear atomic chain (LAC) gold nanowires (Au-NWs) containing oxygen impurities are materials that could be used as supports to stimulate chemical reactions. Its peculiar structural characteristics, such as abnormal Au-Au bonds, make it interesting to explore the chemical reactions of this material at a theoretical level. This work investigated the chemical reaction of ethanol supported on Au-NW containing two oxygen impurities. Using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, it was shown that the presence of oxygen [...]

1497 8070

Open Access Original Research

Fabrication and Catalytic Property of an Ordered Terpyridine Pd(II)/Ni(II) Catalytic Monolayer for Suzuki Coupling Reactions

Received: 21 September 2022;  Published: 02 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204042

Abstract

Fabrication, arrangement, and controllable composition of ordered organometallic films are critical for designing a highly active catalyst and investigating the catalytic mechanism. In this paper, an organometallic terpyridine Pd(II)/Ni(II) monolayer linked on the silicon substrate surface (denoted as Si-Tpy-Pd1/Ni1) was prepared and characterized using water contact angle, ultraviolet spectra, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron microscopy. Si-Tpy-Pd1/Ni1 exhibited high catalyt [...]

904 7218

Open Access Communication

Biocatalyzed Hydrolysis of Residual Oils and Proteins from Flax and Camelina Oilseed Press Cakes Using Lipase and Protease

Received: 14 September 2022;  Published: 17 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204041

Abstract

In this study, a PoC (Proof of Concept) of a possible biomass valorization of flax and camelina oilseed press cakes was presented. Biocatalyzed hydrolysis of residual oils and proteins extracted from these wastes was studied. The biotransformation of oils was performed using commercial immobilized lipases, including Amano PS, Amano AK, and Candida Antarctica Lipase B (CALB). Acylglycerols were partially or fully hydrolyzed using Amano PS and AK. Triglycerides were not hydrolyzed by CALB, which behaved differently. [...]

1175 7038

Open Access Research Article

Effect of Different Additives on the Structure and Activity of β-Galactosidase Immobilized on a Concanavalin A–Modified Silica-Coated Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposite

Received: 06 August 2022;  Published: 17 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204040

Abstract

Interpreting the relationship between the activity and structure of β-galactosidase is necessary to perceive the impact of the enzyme’s conformation on its catalysis. The current study thoroughly explains the effects of additives such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), dithiothreitol (DTT), and urea on β-galactosidase activity and structure. β-Galactosidase activity was determined at various ionic strengths and temperatures as a function of time. Structural [...]

1273 8832

Open Access Original Research

Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of p-Nitrophenol and Phenol Red Through Synergistic Effects of a CeO2-TiO2 Nanocomposite

Received: 24 July 2022;  Published: 03 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204039

Abstract

Organic compounds are one of the most severe pollutants occurring in the environment. Hence, it is important to remove these compounds from the environment through remediation processes such as photocatalysis. The present study investigated the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol (NP) and phenol red (PR) using a cerium oxide-titanium oxide nanocomposite (CeO2-TiO2nc) under UV light. CeO2-TiO2nc was synthesized using the co-precipitation method. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the phase purity [...]

2032 10320

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