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Open Access Review

Perovskite Solar Cells: Assessment of the Materials, Efficiency, and Stability

Received: 14 August 2022;  Published: 14 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204033

Abstract

Solar cells based on organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites are popular in the photovoltaic community due to their high efficiency, low cost, and solution processability. Understanding the fundamentals of metal halide perovskite and its interfaces is extremely important for achieving high-quality materials and developing efficient devices using these materials with the necessary properties. Various methodologies have been used to evaluate the excellent optoelectronic properties, efficiency, and stability of PSCs [...]

4870 37419

Open Access Original Research

3D Printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) Well Plates for Enzyme Inhibition Studies: The Case of Pancreatic Lipase

Received: 31 July 2022;  Published: 08 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204032

Abstract

3D printed PLA has already been demonstrated for several biotechnological applications, including enzymes immobilization. The prerequisites for an efficient screening assay include using small volumes of reagents, low cost, and rapid screening of large numbers of compounds and extracts. Hence, assays based on microtiter plates are predominant. Thus, designing and fabricating scaffolds on a similar scale, which could serve as immobilization carriers, and their recruitment in inhibitors screening studies is of great [...]

1583 9428

Open Access Original Research

Catalytic Co-gasification of Lignites Blended with a Forest Residue under the Carbon Dioxide Stream

Received: 24 May 2022;  Published: 29 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203031

Abstract

The present study investigated the co-gasification of two different lignites blended with the forest residue collected from the land restoration activity sites of open-pit mines located in the region of the Ptolemais basin in North Greece performed under the carbon dioxide stream. All samples were devolatilized in a fixed bed unit prior to the gasification evaluations. The gasification evaluations were performed using a thermal analysis system (TG/DTG) operated at temperatures of up to 1000 °C. The reactivity, [...]

1240 6541

Open Access Original Research

Effect of Microwave Radiation on the Development of a Porous Aluminum Carrier of the Active Mass of Catalysts in Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions

Received: 24 June 2022;  Published: 26 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203030

Abstract

In this study, we prepared a fine-grained, aluminum-reinforced alumina support matrix of the active mass of catalysts, which showed activity in heterogeneous catalytic reactions stimulated by electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range. The support absorbed microwave radiation of 2.45 GHz. We compared the textural characteristics of samples of Al/Al2O3 supports obtained by conventional heat treatment to those synthesized by heat treatment in a microwave field. We found several advantages of heat treating poten [...]

1682 7501

Open Access Review

Microbial Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferases: Sources, Production, and Application in Cyclodextrin Synthesis

Received: 11 June 2022;  Published: 22 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203029

Abstract

Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) is a multifunctional enzyme that hydrolyzes the α-glycosidic bond between two sugar molecules and synthesizes cyclodextrins (CDs) and other transglycosylation products. It is a ubiquitously present extracellular enzyme that offers the CGTase-producing organism the sole right onto starch substrates over other microbes. The present review provides a brief account of diversity among CGTase-producing microbes, CGTase production in different heterologous hosts (wherein ext [...]

3968 26540

Open Access Original Research

Heterologous Expression, Characterization, and Comparison of Laccases from the White Rot Causing Basidiomycete Cerrena Unicolor

Received: 26 July 2022;  Published: 20 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203028

Abstract

Lignin is the most abundant renewable source of aromatics on earth, and conversion of it to chemicals and fuels is needed to build an economically viable renewable biofuels industry. Biological routes to converting lignin to fuels and chemicals involve depolymerizing lignin using lignin-degrading enzymes that catalyze the breaking of ether and carbon-carbon bonds in the phenolic and non-phenolic subunits of lignin. Laccases are a crucial class of lignin-degrading enzymes and are copper-containing enzymes capable of [...]

1657 9442

Open Access Research Article

Effective Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalyst for Methanol Production: Synthesis, Activation, Catalytic Performance, and Regeneration

Received: 09 September 2021;  Published: 19 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203027

Abstract

A precursor CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst for methanol synthesis has been prepared at room temperature by introducing a ternary salt solution into the excess of sodium carbonate solution following the reverse co-precipitation method. The catalyst was tested for the synthesis of methanol from synthesis gas. The composition (vol. %) has been presented: CO, 22; CO2, 5.8; N2, 5.5; H2, balance. The methanol productivity was recorded to be 2.7 kg kgcat–1 h–1 at a temperature of 260 °С, a pressure of 3 MPa, and a [...]

5400 41109

Open Access Review

Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Conversion of Furfural to C5 Derivatives: A Brief Review

Received: 30 June 2022;  Published: 13 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203026

Abstract

Technological development made in the field of biomass application allows synthesizing several high-value products, such as furfuraldehyde. Furfural, produced through sequential hydrolysis and dehydration reactions from biomass, is considered a platform molecule and a precursor of several other chemicals and biofuels that are generated following reactions such as hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation, and decarboxylation. This review aims to reveal the environmental-friendly mechanisms followed for producing furfural d [...]

2391 14943

Open Access Original Research

Removal of As(III) from Water by Cellulase Templated TiO2: A Photocatalytic Oxidation Conjugated Adsorption Process

Received: 16 July 2022;  Published: 09 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203025

Abstract

TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared using cellulase as a biotemplate through a hydrothermal process. The as-prepared catalyst was characterized based on physicochemical techniques and was used to remove As(III) from contaminated water. The cellulase templated TiO2 photocatalyst (TiO2-cellulase) had a large specific surface area, which reached 166.6 m2·g–1. It also had a strong oxidation ability and, thus, behaved well in both photocatalytic oxidation of As(III) and dark adsorption. The pH of the solution h [...]

1268 7294

Open Access Original Research

Biochemical Characteristics and Healing Activity of Bromelia laciniosa Leaf Protease

Received: 27 May 2022;  Published: 25 August 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203024

Abstract

Macambira plant (Bromelia laciniosa Mart. Ex Shult. & Schult. f.) is a species belonging to the family Bromeliaceae, which is distributed widely in the hinterlands of northeastern Brazil, from Bahia to Piauí states. The plants of this species contain an enzyme complex named bromelain, which has great potential for therapeutic applications. In the present study, bromelain derived from Bromelia laciniosa leaves was assessed for its thermodynamic properties and in vitro cytotoxic and healing activities. Bro [...]

1630 12729

Open Access Original Research

Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis on Co/SBA-15 Catalyst: Characterization and Oligomerization Modeling

Received: 05 May 2022;  Published: 16 August 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203023

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the oligomerization mechanism of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyzed by a cobalt-based catalyst supported by SBA-15. The Co/SBA-15 catalyst contained 20% w/w of cobalt. It was prepared by the wet impregnation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption, temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and scanning electron microscopy coupled to X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The FT synthesis was conducted in a slurry bed reactor operating [...]

1929 9419

Open Access Original Research

Degradation of Amido Black Dye Using Ultra-Violet Light Catalyzed by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Kinetics and Mechanism of Degradation

Received: 26 June 2022;  Published: 25 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203022

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the degradation of amido black dye in an aqueous solution using ultra-violet (UV) light catalyzed by iron oxide nanoparticles (nano-Fe). The nano-Fe was synthesized by sodium borohydride reduction of ferric chloride solution and was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence spectrophotometry (XRF). The SEM of the nano-Fe showed regular spherical particles, the XRD examination showed a weak and broad peak at Fe (1 1 0), and the [...]

1614 9140

Open Access Original Research

Hydrocracking of Di-and Triaromatic Hydrocarbons to Monoaromatics over Mixed Bi-functional Catalysts

Received: 10 January 2022;  Published: 19 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203021

Abstract

In this study, we present selective hydrocracking of poly (di and tri) aromatic compounds to monoaromatics, such as benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX), over a mixture of Pt/Al2O3 and Y zeolites. The polyaromatic compounds feed is a combined simulated model feed, which is similar to light cycle oil (LCO) in composition. The feed is processed in a fixed bed reactor over a catalyst mixture: in the first step, selective hydrogenation of di and tri-aromatic compounds occurs in the presence of Pt/Al2O3 catalyst, followe [...]

2373 12692

Open Access Original Research

Homogeneous {Ti2Ni} Heterotrinuclear Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization

Received: 18 May 2022;  Published: 06 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203020

Abstract

We synthesized and spectroscopically characterized a new heterotrimetallic {Ti2Ni} ethylene (co)polymerization precatalyst containing one (α-diimine)NiBr2 and two (phenoxy-imine)TiCl4 scaffolds. Its calculated structure was investigated at the DFT B3LYP/LACVP** level. Our calculations showed that the titanium(IV) centers were in a slightly distorted trigonal bipyramidal environment, and the average Ti···Ni distance was 8.76 Å. The precatalyst was used for synthesizing polyethylene a [...]

1653 11248

Open Access Review

Zeolite-Containing Catalysts in Alkylation Processes

Received: 05 May 2022;  Published: 05 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203019

Abstract

This article provides an overview of zeolite-containing catalysts used in the alkylation of benzene and toluene with olefins, isobutane with butenes and butane-butene fractions, gasoline and oil fractions with olefins, propane-propylene, and butane-butylene fractions of catalytic cracking. Zeolites have various types of structures, including BEA, MFI, MWW, FAU, etc., which differ in pore size and the number and location of the channels. High-silica zeolites have a large pore volume, high acidity, good hydrothermal [...]

4941 24927

Open Access Research Article

Co2+ Doping and Molecular Adsorption Behavior of Anatase TiO2 (001) Crystal Plane

Received: 10 May 2022;  Published: 04 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203018

Abstract

TiO2 (001) crystal plane exhibits molecular adsorption and photocatalytic activity. The loading capacity of reactive oxygen species present on crystal planes helps in the significant improvement of catalytic activity. The methods of synthesis and conditions of existence significantly affect the molecular adsorption properties of crystal planes, which in turn affects the ability of the system to load reactive oxygen species. Herein, we report the simulation of the molecular adsorption behavior on the TiO2 (001) usin [...]

1519 9628

Open Access Original Research

Dearomatization of the Kerosene Fraction: Kinetic Studies

Received: 09 January 2022;  Published: 28 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202017

Abstract

The kinetics of dearomatization of a kerosene fraction processed using a zeolite catalyst (0.9 HZSM-5) at different temperatures (160-200°C), the molar ratio between the aromatic hydrocarbons present in the kerosene fraction and n-decene (1:(0.5-4)), and the reaction time (1-3 h) were studied. Based on the obtained data, a kinetic model for kerosene dearomatization is proposed. It is assumed that the single-center Riedel mechanism is followed. The stage associated with the interaction between n-decene adsorbed on t [...]

1646 9282

Open Access Research Article

3D Fe3O4-decorated Nitrogen-doped Graphene Aerogel as a Highly Durable Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reactions

Received: 29 April 2022;  Published: 21 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202016

Abstract

The rational design of efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the key to developing fuel cells and metal-air batteries. Carbon-supported iron-based materials, as the most promising electrocatalysts for ORR, have drawn much attention as they are cost-effective and exhibit high activity. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) Fe3O4-decorated N-doped graphene aerogel (Fe3O4/NGA) catalyst was synthesized following a simple hydrothermal method which was followed by an annealing process. The co [...]

1923 10880

Open Access Original Research

Synthesis of a Solid Base Catalyst Formed from Zinc(II) Acetylacetonate and Consisting of MgO Modified with ZnO

Received: 28 April 2022;  Published: 06 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202015

Abstract

Solid base catalysts consisting of MgO modified with 10 mol% ZnO (ZnO/MgO) were prepared by depositing zinc(II) acetylacetonate (Zn(acac)2) in polar and nonpolar organic solvents on the surface of MgO and Mg(OH)2. The process was followed by thermal decomposition in air at 773 K over a period of 3 h. The activity of MgO modified with Zn(acac)2 for base-catalyzed retroaldol reaction (the decomposition of diacetone alcohol (4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone) to acetone) at 299 K was higher than the activity of unmodifie [...]

1468 9976

Open Access Original Research

Visible-Light-Induced Formation of Aromatic Ketones: A Metal-Free C−H Oxygenation Process in Air under Room Temperature

Received: 01 April 2022;  Published: 10 May 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202014

Abstract

The process of light-induced C-H oxygenation is of high interest as it can be used for the construction of oxygenated compounds. Herein, we report a mild and general method for the efficient synthesis of aromatic ketones following the process of metal-free C-H oxygenation. With air as the oxidant, high functional tolerance was demonstrated, and the desired ketones were obtained in moderate to excellent yields at room temperature (25 oC). Mechanistic studies suggested that the oxidative transformation potentially oc [...]

1646 11009

Open Access Review

Lipases: Sources of Acquisition, Ways of Production, and Recent Applications

Received: 16 February 2022;  Published: 07 May 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202013

Abstract

Enzymes are extensively used in biotechnological processes in several areas of industry. They are sustainable and safe, and their specificity is another characteristic that improves the performance in the process. Among enzymes, lipase is relevant due to the ability to play different roles in the industry and the possibility of collecting them from microbial sources that are found in industrial residues. This can reduce the costs of enzyme production. In relation to that, lipase immobilization is an interesting pro [...]

3597 41304

Open Access Review

Recent Advances in the Application of Perovskite Catalysts in the Dry Reforming of Methane

Received: 29 January 2022;  Published: 26 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202012

Abstract

The use of the dry reforming of methane (DRM) to convert the two principal greenhouse gases, methane and carbon dioxide, to syngas (a mixture of H2 and CO) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. However, the DRM reaction suffers from the twin disadvantages of carbon deposition and sintering, so a highly efficient and robust catalyst with superior anti-deactivation properties is required. One way to meet this need is to incorporate active metals into crystalline oxides, such as perovskite. In this paper [...]

1984 14593

Open Access Original Research

Pd-Cu Bimetallic Based Catalysts for Nitrate Remediation in Water: Synthesis, Characterization, and the Influence of Supports

Received: 29 January 2022;  Published: 21 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202011

Abstract

The use of Pd-Cu bimetallic catalysts in the reduction of aqueous nitrate ions by hydrogen was studied. The catalysts were supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), activated carbon (AC), and Titania, and the influence of the support on the nitrate reduction activity in water was then investigated. The catalysts were characterized before and after use by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and Laser Granulometry. It was found that the surface characteristics of the support have an influence on the catalyst activity, w [...]

1846 12881

Open Access Communication

A New Chiral Cyclopalladated Ferrocenylimine Self-assembly Polymeric Film supported on Silicon for Heck and Suzuki-coupling Reactions

Received: 21 March 2022;  Published: 14 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202010

Abstract

A new chiral cyclopalladated ferrocenyl imine catalyst (called 4a2) was designed and synthesized, and its self-assembly catalytic polymeric brush supported on silicon (denoted as Si@PB4a2) was also fabricated by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and characterized. The catalytic properties of monomer 4a2 in homogeneous and Si@PB4a2 in heterogeneous in Heck and Suzuki cross-coupling were investigated, respectively. They exhibited higher catalytic activity in Heck, and Suzuki coupling react [...]

1868 9472

Open Access Original Research

Hierarchical MFI Zeolite Catalysts: How to Determine Their Textural Properties?-A Comparative Study

Received: 26 January 2022;  Published: 14 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202009

Abstract

It is important to elucidate the role of the surface areas and pore volumes of hierarchical zeolites to understand their behavior as catalysts. Micro-and mesopore surface areas and volumes of the hierarchical MFI (Mobil Five zeolites) were assessed following several methods: (i) N2 adsorption at 77 K using classical and corrected t-plot analyses methods, (ii) pre-adsorption of n-nonane was followed by the study of the N2 adsorption at 77 K, and (iii) non-local-density functional theory (NLDFT) analysis using either [...]

3013 23816

Open Access Original Research

Preparation of a Novel Bi2MoO6/Ag/Ag2CrO4 Catalyst with Promoted Visible Light Photodegradation of RhB Dye

Received: 29 January 2022;  Published: 07 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202008

Abstract

A series of novel Bi2MoO6/Ag/Ag2CrO4 heterostructure photocatalysts (denoted as BA-X, X = 1, 3, 5, 10) were synthesized using a coprecipitation method. These photocatalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and their photocatalytic properties were investigated. Compared with pure Bi2MoO6 or Ag2CrO4, BA-5 exhibited a higher photocatalytic property and broader light absorption. In addition, the surface pla [...]

1802 11938

Open Access Research Article

The Use of Composite TiO2/Activated Carbon Fibers as a Photocatalyst in a Sequential Adsorption/Photocatalysis Process for the Elimination of Ciprofloxacin

Received: 20 January 2022;  Published: 15 March 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201007

Abstract

This work reports the performance of a sequential adsorption/photocatalysis process using activated carbon fibers with deposited TiO2 for the elimination of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP) in water. A commercial activated carbon fiber (ACF10) was selected as the support, and a TiO2 coating was synthesized using Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD). Experiments were carried out using a photocatalytic reactor irradiated with monochromatic LEDs (365nm). Two different processes have been studied: adsorpti [...]

1658 11392

Open Access Review

Recent Progress in the Development of Molecular Electrocatalysts for Formate Oxidation

Received: 31 December 2021;  Published: 22 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201006

Abstract

Fuel cells based on renewable synthetic fuels are promising alternatives to fossil fuel combustion for efficient electricity production. Much focus has been placed on hydrogen as a chemical fuel, but being a flammable gas, there are challenges with its safe handling. Formic acid is an attractive liquid fuel for use in direct formic acid or formate fuel cells, and it can in principle be produced from the thermal or electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. Over the past ten years, advances have been made in the d [...]

1968 12635

Open Access Original Research

Determining the Band Alignment at the BiVO4|NiOOH Interface Using the Hybrid DFT Technique

Received: 29 November 2021;  Published: 21 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201005

Abstract

It is important to understand the band offsets between semiconductors, which are crucial to determine the direction of electron transfer at the interfaces. Two methods are normally used to determine the direction from the first principles: alternating slabs put in contact (without empty spaces between them) and separate calculations for each material surface in the presence of vacuum spaces. The first method may introduce distortions due to insufficient epitaxial match, which may lead to bandgap changes, and the se [...]

1686 10091

Open Access Communication

One-Pot Tandem Synthesis of Nitriles and Amides from Biomass Platform Compounds

Received: 28 December 2021;  Published: 21 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201004

Abstract

In recent years, research on converting biomass platform compounds into high-value chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates has garnered huge interest. Nitrile and amide groups are key structures in natural products and biologically active molecules. The direct conversion of biomass platform compounds into nitriles and amides will undoubtedly be an important guide for biomass utilization. In this paper, a facile and efficient triphosgene-assisted one-pot conversion for aldehydes and ketones into nitrile and amide [...]

3488 16633

Open Access Original Research

Controllable Cyclopalladated Polythiophene Imine Monolayer by Self-Assembly, Hybrid Doping and Electrochemical Polymerization: A Simple Way to Enhance Activity and Stability

Received: 13 December 2021;  Published: 03 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201003

Abstract

In this article, an approach to generate self-assembly cyclopalladated polythiophene imine monolayers (denoted as ITO@Pd-CPTIMs) is described. The monolayers were fabricated by combining self-assembly (SA), hybrid doping (HD), and electrochemical polymerization (ECP) called SA-HD-ECP. The catalytic activity and stability of the polymerized monolayers in the Suzuki coupling reaction were improved by modulating the structure and morphology in hybrid doping using different thiophene derivatives, concentrations, and sc [...]

2025 10778

Open Access Original Research

Acetonitrile Combustion over Copper-Based Nanocatalysts: A Structure-Performance Relationship Study

Received: 01 December 2021;  Published: 26 January 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201002

Abstract

In this paper, the relationship between activity and structure of Cu2+ in different chemical environments of Cu-BETA, La2CuO4, and CuO nanocatalysts was systematically investigated for acetonitrile combustion. The study revealed that exchanged and octahedral species of Cu2+ coexist in Cu-BETA, while octahedral species are dominant in CuO and La2CuO4. All nanocatalysts achieved high conversion rates of acetonitrile, which rapidly increased with temperature. CuO and La2CuO4 led to the formation of undesired products [...]

1661 9987

Open Access Original Research

Versatility of Supported Gold Nanoparticles on Hydrotalcites used for Oxidation and Reduction Reactions

Received: 25 October 2021;  Published: 13 January 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201001

Abstract

Regardless of their size, supported gold nanoparticles are largely used for liquid-phase oxidation reactions. Small gold nanoparticles exhibit good performance during the reduction of organic compounds. The direct reduction of carboxylic acid to aldehyde is a famous and familiar reaction in the field of organic chemistry and is considered as one of the fundamental chemical transformations. Herein, we present Au/hydrotalcite, Au/MgO, and Au/Al2O3 systems as heterogeneous versatile catalysts to realize the oxidation [...]

1746 11238

Open Access Research Article

Effect of Acid Treatment on the Properties of Zeolite Catalyst for Straight-Run Gasoline Upgrading

Received: 10 October 2021;  Published: 01 December 2021;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2104004

Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of different concentrations of nitric and hydrochloric acids on the structural, acidic, and catalytic properties of a post-synthetic treated ZSM-5 type zeolite at various temperatures. The properties of zeolite catalysts were determined using different methods, such as the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method for specific surface area, temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of ammonia method for acidic properties, and a flow-through unit with fixed bed cataly [...]

3415 17917

Open Access Original Research

Stability of a Fe-Rich Cathode Catalyst in an Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Received: 09 June 2021;  Published: 16 September 2021;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2103003

Abstract

Fe-rich alloys have been widely studied as catalyst materials for the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in hydrogen fuel cells, and many have shown high activities. The stability of Fe-rich catalysts has also been researched, and some studies have shown promising results using an accelerated stress test (AST), which uses a potential cycling method. However, for commercial fuel cell applications, such as standby power systems, the catalyst has to tolerate a high potential for a long period, which can not be r [...]

1511 11050

Open Access Original Research

Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes Using Microreactors: Mechanistic Study of its Effects on H2O2 Addition

Received: 17 August 2021;  Published: 13 September 2021;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2103002

Abstract

The photocatalytic reaction involved in TiO2 photocatalysis was investigated using a microreactor coated with TiO2 film on the glass plate attached on one side of the microreactor. It was confirmed that the effect of H2O2 on the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of azo dyes (acid orange 7, acid red 151, and acid yellow 23) was dependent on the polymorphs (anatase and rutile) of TiO2 coated on the glass plate of the UV-irradiated microreactor. Scavengers of holes (KI) and electrons (p-benzoquinone) were added to [...]

2120 12846

Open Access Original Research

Development of an Efficient Bi-Functional Catalyst made of a Novel Hybrid Material for Rechargeable Zn-Air Battery

Received: 24 May 2021;  Published: 16 July 2021;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2103001

Abstract

One-pot synthesis of mesoporous hybrid material consisting of Mn-Co/CoO nanoparticles encapsulated in an N-doped graphene shell decorated with Mo2C nanoparticles (Mo2C-NC@Mn-Co/CoO) was reported. The Mn and Mo components synergistically refined the graphitized carbons due to the interactions with N and C atoms while promoting the stability of the Co/CoO nanoparticles. These components exhibited a beneficial effect on the dispersion of the active metal/metal oxide nanoparticles and the formation of a mesoporous stru [...]

4451 16873

Open Access Original Research

Cr(VI) Adsorptive Removal Using Raw Cordia africana Sawdust: Optimization of Operating Parameters, Kinetics, Isotherm, Thermodynamics, and Desorption Efficiency

Received: 04 January 2026;  Published: 24 April 2026;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2602007

Abstract

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a carcinogenic pollutant commonly found in wastewater from tanning and electroplating industries. This study investigates the efficiency of raw Cordia africana sawdust as a biosorbent for Cr(VI) removal. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted by varying pH (3-8), contact time (10-120 min), and Cr(VI) concentration (21-47 mg/L) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken design. Characterization was performed using FTIR, SEM, BET, pH, and PZC analysis before and aft [...]

111 282

Open Access Original Research

Sustainable and Environmentally Friendly Approaches for Eliminating Alizarin Red S from Contaminated Water Using Hydroxyfluorapatite-Based Biomaterials

Received: 15 December 2025;  Published: 10 April 2026;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2602006

Abstract

This study investigated the use of new bioadsorbent the Hydroxyfluorapatite (Ca10(PO4)6OH1.75F0.25, HFA) to eliminate Alizarin Red S (ARS), a harmful water pollutant. Initial batch tests were conducted to evaluate the adsorption process, focusing on both kinetics and equilibrium behavior. Various kinetic models were applied such as: pseudo first-order, pseudo second order, the intraparticular diffuision model and external diffusion model. The modeling results proved that the pseudo-second-order model best matched t [...]

234 687

Open Access Original Research

Restoring the Resilience of Water-Energy-Food Nexus Based on Desalination through Biomass Management: Case Study West Mani, Greece

Received: 03 November 2025;  Published: 01 March 2026;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2601005

Abstract

Mediterranean regions like West Mani, Greece, face escalating water scarcity exacerbated by climate variability and seasonal tourism peaks, straining the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus. Olive cultivation, central to the region’s economy and culture, generates substantial underutilized biomass residues that increase wildfire risk if left unmanaged. At the same time, water supply increasingly relies on energy-intensive desalination and pumping. This study addresses the gap in integrated, place-based WEF nexus applicat [...]

593 2034

Open Access Original Research

Hydroclimatic Variability and Precipitation Extremes in Sindh under a Changing Climate

Received: 12 August 2025;  Published: 24 February 2026;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2601004

Abstract

Sindh Province, Pakistan, is highly vulnerable to hydroclimatic extremes, necessitating a detailed understanding of its precipitation patterns for effective water management. This study assesses spatiotemporal precipitation dynamics across Sindh from 2001 to 2024 by integrating satellite-based CHIRPS data, in situ observations from the Climate Knowledge Portal (CKP), and CMIP6 climate model projections. Validation results show strong agreement between CHIRPS and ground data (R ≈ 0.87, d ≈ 0.93), confirming the sate [...]

579 1789

Open Access Original Research

Characterization of Drought Severity Using GRACE and TerraClimate Dataset in the Rift Valley Basin, Ethiopia

Received: 08 November 2025;  Published: 10 February 2026;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2601003

Abstract

Characterizing drought severity using GRACE and TerraClimate datasets is globally important because it enables consistent, large-scale monitoring of both surface and subsurface water availability across data-scarce regions. This integrated perspective supports improved drought assessment, climate change impact analysis, and informed water-resource management worldwide. The Ethiopian Rift Valley has experienced recurrent hydrological drought hazards, posing serious threats to water availability, agricultural product [...]

595 1843

Open Access Review

Contribution of Solar Energy to Buildings’ Energy Demands: A Review

Received: 27 June 2025;  Published: 12 January 2026;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2601002

Abstract

Buildings account for a significant portion of global energy consumption, estimated at 30-40%, and also contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. Energy consumption in a building is mainly thermal (natural gas) and electrical. This energy is usually used for heating water, cooking, illumination, ventilation and air conditioning, powering appliances, floor heating, and other activities. These activities were examined, and their substitution by solar-based energy sources was reviewed. To achieve this objective, an exte [...]

1003 3052

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research in 2025

Received: 04 January 2026;  Published: 04 January 2026;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2601001

Abstract

The editors of Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2025. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, r [...]

639 1385

Open Access Editorial

Biochar and Circular Economy Approaches in Environmental Sustainability

Received: 21 December 2025;  Published: 24 December 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2504035

Abstract

The rising concerns of soil erosion, organic waste generation and global warming have shown the need to address them through multifaceted methods that transcend conventional linear models of resource utilization. Circular economy is a regenerative model that is anchored on caring about waste valorisation, resource effectiveness and environmental fortitude. In this paradigm, biochar has been developed as a multifunctional compound capable of integrating waste management, soil rehabilitation, climate control and rene [...]

786 2191

Open Access Original Research

Environmental Risk Assessment of Antiretrovirals Consumed in Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Received: 09 June 2025;  Published: 04 December 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2504034

Abstract

The development and utilization of pharmaceuticals, notably antiretrovirals (ARVs), have significantly enhanced both human quality of life and life expectancy. Nevertheless, the excretion of these compounds into aquatic environments, often exacerbated by inadequate sanitation infrastructure, poses considerable risks to biota. This investigation evaluated the environmental impact of 14 ARVs consumed within the municipality of Belo Horizonte (BH), Brazil. The assessment employed the Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA [...]

816 2544

Open Access Original Research

GHG Emissions Management in Urban Areas by Interactive Road Traffic Control: Application of Artificial Intelligence

Received: 04 June 2025;  Published: 03 December 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2504033

Abstract

The rising pollution levels in congested urban areas pose a serious threat to human health. Many solutions have been proposed to control and reduce gas emissions from road traffic, with results that are not entirely satisfactory. The adoption of new techniques and methodologies for early detection of pollutant emissions may enable effective management and control of road traffic contamination. The proposed method introduces an interactive protocol that facilitates communication between the traffic control center an [...]

627 2371

Open Access Original Research

Cultural Cells: A Circular Economy-Driven Blueprint for Creative Tourism and Regional Revitalization in Greece

Received: 11 June 2025;  Published: 11 November 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2504032

Abstract

This study proposes a novel creative tourism model integrating artistic creation with circular economy principles to foster regional revitalization in North Euboea, Greece. Employing a case study approach, it develops the concept of “Cultural Cells”—dedicated hubs for artists and art students specializing in painting and sculpture—designed to enhance tourism through immersive engagement. The methodology combines qualitative analysis of regional cultural and environmental assets with theoretical estimates of circula [...]

1078 4467

Open Access Original Research

Comparative Analysis of Healthcare Waste Legislation: Alignment and Discrepancies between Federal, State, and Municipal Regulations

Received: 02 July 2025;  Published: 11 November 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2504031

Abstract

The management of healthcare waste (HCW) presents a significant environmental and public health challenge, aggravated by gaps in current Brazilian federal regulations. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of specific state and municipal legislation on HCW, comparing it with ANVISA Resolution No. 222/2018 and CONAMA Resolution No. 358/2005 to ascertain whether local regulations enhance management practices and can act as supplementary instruments to federal guidelines. The methodology was structured into thr [...]

1602 7810

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Prof. Dr. Hanuman Singh Jatav

Received: 26 October 2025;  Published: 27 October 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2504030

587 2829

Open Access Editorial

Iron-Based Nanoparticles for Water and Soil Treatment

Received: 15 September 2025;  Published: 22 September 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2503029

1244 4228

Open Access Review

Applications of Generative Large Language Models in Environmental Science: A Systematic Review

Received: 07 April 2025;  Published: 12 August 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2503028

Abstract

Environmental science addresses critical global challenges, including climate change, biodiversity loss, and sustainability. These complex topics generate a vast amount of both structured and unstructured data, from remote sensing output to policy documents, guidelines, and scientific literature. Effectively processing and utilizing this information is essential for advancing research and supporting decision-making. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding an [...]

2422 11658

Open Access Review

Evidence-Based Rapid Review of Clean Cooking: Lessons for Nigeria and Other Developing Economies

Received: 08 December 2024;  Published: 25 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2503027

Abstract

Biomass-fuel use by over 2 billion of the world’s population contributes to their poor respiratory health and climate change. This paper traces the history of clean cooking and explores strategies for its sustained adoption in developing countries, such as Nigeria, drawing on global lessons from past successes and failures. This study employed a rapid review methodology to synthesize evidence and inform decision-making on the adoption of clean cooking. The research was guided by a central question on how to p [...]

1939 11332

Open Access Original Research

Treatment of Contaminated Water Collected from River Getsi Using Enhanced Natural Coagulant Prepared from Chrysophyllum Albidium Seeds

Received: 31 March 2025;  Published: 15 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2503026

Abstract

The high cost of chemical coagulants for water treatment leads most people in rural communities to resort to readily available surface water, which is usually of low quality, exposing them to various waterborne diseases. It is in this light, that research was conducted to assess the effectiveness of a cheap enhanced natural coagulant prepared from Chrysophyllum albidium seeds for the treatment of contaminated water sampled from River Getsi, which serves as a source of potable water for the society. The coagulants s [...]

1062 4208

Open Access Original Research

Air Pollution Control Engineering in Urban and Congested Areas

Received: 04 February 2025;  Published: 11 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2503025

Abstract

The study aims to evaluate the progressive increase in energy systems pollutant emissions due to the efficiency loss and continuous deterioration in the energy conversion process. The paper analyzes the GHG, nitrous oxide, sulfur dioxide, and fine particle emissions from vehicles, residential and commercial heating systems, public buildings, health centers, and industrial conglomerates, with the servicing time and degradation level. The analysis applies to various emitting gases or small particle systems, which gen [...]

1038 4237

Open Access Review

Comparison of Compressed Air Flow Measurement Techniques for Industrial Energy Efficiency Enhancement

Received: 31 October 2024;  Published: 24 June 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502024

Abstract

Across the industrial sector, compressed air is utilized as an easy-to-use and readily accessible tool in a variety of applications. This tool is commonly misunderstood as being more efficient than it is in reality. Air compression is energy intensive and thus both economically and environmentally costly. Compressed air typically only achieves around ~15% efficiency if judged by the energy delivered from the air, meaning approximately 5-6 kWh are wasted for every 1 kWh of useful work performed by compressed air. Du [...]

1428 8588

Open Access Original Research

The Intra-Institutional Waste Management in Montevideo Healthcare Centers

Received: 23 September 2024;  Published: 20 May 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502023

Abstract

Healthcare Waste (HCW) management is a pressing challenge in Latin America, where insufficient regulatory enforcement, poor segregation practices, and the lack of accurate generation data hinder sustainable waste management. This study presents a methodological proposal for the internal management of HCWs in Healthcare Centers (HCCs) in Uruguay, based on Decree 586/009 and developed through a situational diagnosis conducted at the Hospital de Clínicas "Dr. Manuel Quintela." The diagnosis involved the qualitative an [...]

1142 6637

Open Access Review

An Overview of the Hydrocarbon Sector in India for Carbon Capture Scope

Received: 28 November 2024;  Published: 07 May 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502022

Abstract

The hydrocarbon sector in India plays a pivotal role in the country's energy landscape, encompassing exploration, production, refining, and distribution activities. This abstract provides a concise overview of the sector's current status, challenges, and prospects. India's hydrocarbon reserves range from conventional to unconventional sources, with significant potential yet to be tapped. However, the sector faces challenges such as declining production from mature fields, technological limitations in ex [...]

1503 10159

Open Access Research Article

Analysis of Global Scientific Production on Health Service Waste through Bibliometric and Scientometric Indicators

Received: 19 October 2024;  Published: 27 April 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502021

Abstract

Inadequate management of healthcare waste represents a significant challenge to public health and the environment. This study aims to analyze global scientific production on healthcare waste using bibliometric and scientometric indicators, providing a comprehensive overview of research trends and areas of interest. Data from academic databases were used to map the temporal distribution of publications, identify the leading countries, institutions, and researchers involved, and evaluate collaboration networks and jo [...]

1151 4936

Open Access Original Research

Utilizing Machine Learning to Map Aquatic Weed Yields for Biochar Production: A Case Study in the Bangweulu Wetlands, Zambia

Received: 26 September 2024;  Published: 17 April 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502020

Abstract

Aquatic weeds present significant ecological and socio-economic challenges in the Bangweulu Wetlands of northern Zambia, where their proliferation disrupts aquatic ecosystems, impedes fishing activities, and affects local livelihoods. Despite these challenges, aquatic weeds also offer a unique opportunity for sustainable biochar production, a clean alternative cooking fuel that can alleviate pressure on diminishing forest resources. This study explores the application of machine learning (ML) techniques to estimate [...]

1230 5716

Open Access Original Research

Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater in the Mutoshi Deposit Environment, Kolwezi (Lualaba, DR Congo)

Received: 19 September 2024;  Published: 16 April 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502019

Abstract

This study examines the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Mutoshi mining environment in Kolwezi, Democratic Republic of Congo, addressing gaps in understanding the impact of mining on water quality. Despite the DRC's vast water resources, only 26% of the urban population has access to safe drinking water, with the Mutoshi aquifer, providing over a quarter of Kolwezi's drinking water, facing deterioration due to underlying copper and cobalt-rich geological formations. Groundwater and geological sam [...]

1266 8170

Open Access Original Research

Assessment of the Main Elements for a Healthcare Waste Management System Using Analytical Hierarchical Process

Received: 16 October 2024;  Published: 10 April 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502018

Abstract

When addressing Healthcare Waste Management (HCWM), numerous factors play a crucial role in ensuring its safety and environmentally responsible handling within institutional processes. Recognizing this imperative, this study employed the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) methodology to establish a comprehensive assessment of 10 primary criteria and 66 sub-criteria concerning the governance and operational aspects of Healthcare Waste Management. This evaluation was based on the insights of 14 specialists in the [...]

1253 7162

Open Access Original Research

Sustainable Alternatives for Energy Generation and Food Production in Brazil

Received: 23 September 2024;  Published: 07 April 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502017

Abstract

Urbanization driven by industrialization and population growth amplifies food consumption and reinforces the need for more fuels and energy. However, the expansion of biofuels can impose risks on long-term food security. This paper examines potential alternative crops for energy generation and food production, including those used by family farmers and their associations, to decentralize energy production and utilization as a crucial pillar of the global energy transition. Cassava, corn, and sugar beet are the chos [...]

1649 9602

Open Access Concept Paper

Enhancing Biodiversity Education and Outreach for Conservation Awareness and Environmental Stewardship

Received: 15 August 2024;  Published: 02 April 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502016

Abstract

Biodiversity—the rich variety of life on Earth—is essential for ecosystem stability and resilience, which, in turn, supports human well-being. However, human activities, such as habitat destruction, pollution, overexploitation, and climate change, are placing unprecedented pressures on global biodiversity, emphasizing the need for urgent conservation measures. In response, biodiversity education and outreach initiatives have become pivotal in fostering conservation awareness and action. This paper critically evalua [...]

1977 11962

Open Access Research Article

An Analysis of Thermal Comfort in a School’s Outdoor Space: A Case Study of a Typical School, Dubai, UAE

Received: 29 October 2024;  Published: 01 April 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502015

Abstract

Outdoor school spaces are significant, as they provide great opportunities for outdoor exploration, leading to the overall enhancement of a student’s well-being. This paper analyzes the outdoor school spaces in Dubai to optimize them and ensure their thermal comfort. To achieve this aim, using a mixed methodology approach of survey, field observation, workshops and ENVI-met V5.3 software simulation, the existing outdoor spaces were analyzed and then enhanced using several proposed heat mitigation strategies. The im [...]

1221 11257

Open Access Original Research

Development of a Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Framework for Hemp-Based Building Materials in Australia

Received: 18 December 2024;  Published: 27 February 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501014

Abstract

The construction industry, a cornerstone of global economic and social progress, is under increasing pressure to adopt sustainable practices due to its significant environmental footprint. Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has gained attention as a renewable material for building applications, offering potential reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and resource consumption. However, its broader sustainability performance remains underexplored. This study develops a comprehensive Life Cycle Sustainability Asses [...]

1482 10297

Open Access Review

Wind Turbines for Decarbonization and Energy Transition of Buildings and Urban Areas: A Review

Received: 14 August 2024;  Published: 26 February 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501013

Abstract

The recent tendencies of drastic variations of environmental conditions, inundations, severe winds, and gusts besides heavy and unexpected long-duration rains showed the world an image of what could happen if emissions and global warming are not adequately controlled. Implementing new energy solutions as fast as possible is essential to cope with climate change, one of the biggest threats to our survival. These alarming signs intensified research and development efforts to replace fossil-based activities with renew [...]

1704 22124

Open Access Original Research

Physical Education: Equity of Learning and Social Inclusion for Blind Students

Received: 15 July 2024;  Published: 19 February 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501012

Abstract

Equity in the educational system is crucial to addressing the needs of all students without distinction, from their initial access to education through to graduation. Achieving equity requires implementing reasonable adjustments to ensure that all students can attend classes, actively participate, and learn effectively. Equity entails transforming inequality into inclusion, enhancing students' well-being and quality of life. Education for all prioritizes equity and quality as fundamental principles of the education [...]

1408 6980

Open Access Original Research

The Remediation of Hexavalent Chromium Using Orange Peel Biosorbent from Industrial Effluents

Received: 28 February 2024;  Published: 09 February 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501011

Abstract

One major cause of aquatic pollution is the accumulation of heavy metal ions. This study shows the biosorption properties of orange peel for removing chromium (CrVI) from industrial wastewater at a laboratory scale. This study focused on the biosorption of CrVI using orange peel biosorbent (OPB) from aqueous solutions in the plastic industry (PI), textile and fabrics industry (TFI), chemical industry (CI), and food industry (FI). The total Cr contents in effluents of FI, CI, TFI and PI varied between 30.0-38.0, 23. [...]

1151 7369

Open Access Project Report

Community Empowerment in Peri-Urban Areas through Solar Technologies: A Case Study in Central Mexico

Received: 02 September 2024;  Published: 07 February 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501010

Abstract

This article explores a strategy to empower vulnerable communities by transferring solar technology as a path to energy justice development. The proposed methodology is based on preliminary research on energy uses according to the needs, practices, and customs of the communities. The study focuses on the cases of three women with productive vocations based on entrepreneurship in different phases of incubation found in a peri-urban community in central Mexico. In this community, productive energy uses include a) the [...]

1448 9286

Open Access Research Article

Carbon Footprint Assessment Initiative and Trees Role in Reducing Emissions

Received: 08 October 2024;  Published: 23 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501009

Abstract

Given the present emphasis on climate change and CO2 emissions, it is crucial to have specific guidelines to determine and mitigate carbon footprints. The following paper seeks to estimate the carbon emissions in kg of carbon dioxide equivalent from activities at Uniza Technical College and the tree's ability to absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis. The primary objective of this study is to determine how the emissions from campus trees can contribute to reducing overall carbon emissions. The methodologies e [...]

1147 6727

Open Access Original Research

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination on Road Dust: A Case Study of Khulna City

Received: 06 September 2024;  Published: 20 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501008

Abstract

The concentration of heavy metals in road dust poses significant risks to human health and the environment. This study investigates the characteristics of road dust, focusing on the contamination level of heavy metals like lead (Pb), iron (Fe), and arsenic (As). Road dust samples were collected from various locations in Khulna city. They went through acid digestion to determine the Pb, Fe, and As levels using ICP-OES, and bioavailable iron was assessed by mixing the dust samples with water. This study found no dete [...]

1562 9984

Open Access Original Research

On the Relation between Overwater Friction Velocity and the Wind Speed During Tropical Cyclones

Received: 17 October 2024;  Published: 15 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501007

Abstract

In the realm of marine meteorology, physical oceanography, and coastal and ocean engineering, the wind-stress across the air-sea interface plays a dominant role. However, under tropical cyclone conditions, there is no consensus for the formulation of the drag coefficient, Cd, in the literature. Based on the wind-gust method and the measurements from data buoy 42001 during Hurricane Lili, it is demonstrated that, U* = 0.073U10 - 0.44, which is valid up to wind speed 47 m s-1 and wind gust to 66 m s-1, here U* is the [...]

915 5661

Open Access Concept Paper

The Bio Steel Cycle Meets Indoor Farming - CCUS with the SusCiP Principle in Agriculture

Received: 06 September 2024;  Published: 15 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501006

Abstract

The World climate is changing, with a great impact on global food production systems. Extreme weather events, floods, wildfires and draughts are phenomena of disrupted previously stable natural weather patterns, which are vital for crop production and animal husbandry alike. Most of the World’s food is produced in temperate climatic zones rich in arable land and those are affected by the increasing unpredictability of previously naturally occurring seasons and weather conditions. This work aims to provide a possibl [...]

1113 5810

Open Access Original Research

Research on the Whole Life Cycle Assessment of Automobile Instrument Cross Beam Based on Lightweight

Received: 01 September 2024;  Published: 10 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501005

Abstract

To study the environmental impact of automobile components, life cycle assessment (LCA) is adopted to study the environmental impact of instrument cross beams made of steel and magnesium alloy crossbeams. Comparative environmental impact analyses of both instrument crossbeams are conducted through parametric analysis, scenario analysis, sensitivity analysis, and future forecasting in GaBi10. The results show that global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), ozone depl [...]

1074 6850

Open Access Original Research

Winter Cover Crops: Relationship between Photosynthetically Active Radiation Interception and Weed Number and Productivity

Received: 04 July 2024;  Published: 06 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501004

Abstract

The aim of this work was to determine the photosynthetically active radiation interception (iPAR) during the cover crop (CC) growth cycle, the number and aerial dry matter (ADM) of weeds, and productivity in the following soybean and maize rotation crop. To do this, experiments with CC were performed in 2015-2016 using Hordeum vulgare L., Lolium multiflorum L., Avena sativa L., Bromus unioloides L., Vicia villosa L., Brassica campestris L., Raphanus sativus L., and Avena sativa/Vicia villosa. The iPAR at the vegeta [...]

823 4673

Open Access Original Research

Sustainable Water Management Using Rainfall-Runoff Modelling in Rift Valley Basin, East Africa

Received: 03 September 2024;  Published: 06 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501003

Abstract

Managing water resources offers crucial information about the availability of water supplied from catchments into water bodies, which plays a vital role in water resource engineering. However, due to changes in the global climate, hydrological modeling of river catchments is critically crucial for socio-economic development and livelihoods. Numerous models evaluate runoff from precipitation, but the SCS-CN method is fundamental and the most widely recognized for calculating runoff. This research evaluates runoff de [...]

1298 9595

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research in 2024

Received: 02 January 2025;  Published: 02 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501002

Abstract

The editors of Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2024. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, r [...]

567 3062

Open Access Original Research

The Nexus between Energy Poverty and Environmental Change in Zimbabwe

Received: 20 June 2024;  Published: 01 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2501001

Abstract

Over the years, energy poverty has been seen as a major struggle in Zimbabwe and globally. This paper tries to find the relationship between energy poverty and environmental change. Ecological footprint represents a degradation in this paper. The findings showed an insignificant relationship between renewable energy and ecological footprint in Zimbabwe. This study employs the ARDL technique. This study employs time series data from 1990-2021. This study uses the ARDL framework to get robust results. The ARDL bound [...]

1660 8779

Open Access Concept Paper

FlowingLife: AI Enhancing Environmental and Economic Benefits for Aquatic Ecosystems Based on Optimizing Altered Flow Regimes

Received: 01 August 2024;  Published: 24 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2404028

Abstract

This proposed FlowingLife framework addresses the challenges of optimizing altered flow regimes in Irish plans and programs to improve Irish aquatic ecosystems' economic and environmental outcomes. The framework uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to revolutionize flow regime management and decision-making processing, providing sustainable resource allocation, climate change adaptation, and aquatic habitat conservation. The potential of identifying optimization guides thoroughly evaluating Irish Plans, inc [...]

987 4980

Open Access Original Research

Trace Elements Spatial Distribution in the Groundwater near the Subarnarekha River Basin - Jamshedpur, India

Received: 07 August 2024;  Published: 06 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2404027

Abstract

The present study assessed the spatial distribution of trace elements in the groundwater near the Subarnarekha River Basin - Jamshedpur, India. Half of this city's water need (48.11%) relies on groundwater resources. GIS-based maps were constructed using ArcGIS 10.3 software to describe the spatial distribution of Arsenic (As), Barium (Ba), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), Nickel (Ni), Selenium (Se), and Strontium (Sr). The concentration of trace ele [...]

999 5470

Open Access Original Research

Energy Policy Scenarios for Carbon Emissions in Road Passenger Transport in Austria up to 2050

Received: 23 June 2024;  Published: 06 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2404026

Abstract

The transport sector accounts for approximately 25% of CO2-emissions in the EU and Austria, primarily due to passenger car transport powered by fossil fuels. Replacing conventional cars with sustainable alternatives is crucial for reducing emissions, improving air quality, and mitigating climate change while decreasing vehicle kilometers driven. This study analyzes policy strategies for Austria’s road passenger transport sector up to 2050 to determine their potential for significant CO2 reduction. Four scenar [...]

1157 14332

Open Access Original Research

Energy Self-Sufficiency in Rural Areas; Case Study: North Euboea, Greece

Received: 28 August 2024;  Published: 05 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2404025

Abstract

The modern globalized civilization is sustained by interactions, trade, the transportation of goods, and energy. Energy self-sufficiency is crucial in rural and disaster-prone areas like North Euboea because dependence on external energy supplies can leave regions vulnerable to supply chain disruptions, price volatility, and geopolitical risks. In such isolated regions, energy independence ensures resilience in natural disasters and economic instability. The alternative to self-sufficiency often involves reliance o [...]

1054 8057

Open Access Review

Recent Developments in the Application of Gallus domesticus Eggshells for the Biosorption of Dyes and Heavy Metals

Received: 29 July 2024;  Published: 28 November 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2404024

Abstract

Global efforts to develop low-cost solutions for the treatment of contaminants in wastewater continue unabated. The conversion of eggshells, a waste material, into a high-value product can be economical and environmentally sustainable. The recent developments in applying eggshells towards the biosorption of contaminants are presented. Eggshells effectively remove pollutants such as metal cations, metal anions, and reactive, basic, and direct dyes. Promising advances in modifying eggshells, elucidating the critical [...]

1216 11449

Open Access Original Research

From Killer to Solution: Evaluating Bioremediation Strategies on Microbial Diversity in Crude Oil-Contaminated Soil over Three to Six Months in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Received: 12 May 2024;  Published: 05 November 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2404023

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of various bioremediation approaches on microbial diversity in crude oil-contaminated soil over three to six months in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The objective was to assess the impact of different bioremediation strategies on microbial populations, particularly focusing on hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria and fungi. Microbial populations were quantified using serial dilution and microbial count techniques. The vapor phase transfer mechanism was employed to estimate hydrocarbon-u [...]

1806 12733

Open Access Research Article

Challenges of Applying Circular Economy in Agricultural Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Kurdistan Province, Iran

Received: 06 August 2024;  Published: 31 October 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2404022

Abstract

Current production and distribution models in agriculture primarily operate based on the 'linear economy' approach. This means that after the exploitation of natural resources and the production of the final product, a significant portion of these resources and products, now contaminated or turned into waste, exit the economic cycle. The circular economy approach in agriculture seeks to reuse waste products and depleted inputs, thereby reducing the intensity of resource exploitation and taking a step towards sustai [...]

1640 8561

Open Access Review

Comparative Study on the Applicability of Solid Waste Treatment by Fixed Grate and Fluidized Bed Incinerators: A Bibliometric Review

Received: 16 May 2024;  Published: 21 October 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2404021

Abstract

Using thermal treatment in the waste management process has advantages such as reducing volume and the possibility of energy recovery. There are several incineration technologies with different characteristics and potential. Incineration, however, requires efficient environmental control to reduce associated risks, such as the emission of harmful compounds. The paper aims to compare solid waste treatment processes in grate and fluidized bed incinerators based on technical and environmental characteristics. For this [...]

1848 10836

Open Access Research Article

Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models and Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Wastewater Treatment Plant Variables

Received: 30 July 2024;  Published: 17 October 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2404020

Abstract

Increasing urban wastewater and rigorous discharge regulations pose significant challenges for wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) to meet regulatory compliance while minimizing operational costs. This study explores the application of several machine learning (ML) models specifically, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM), Random Forests (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and hybrid RF-GBM models in predicting important WWTP variables such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Tot [...]

1970 13519

Open Access Research Article

Photodegradation of Polyethersulfone (PES), Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) and Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Microplastics via a Metal Organic Framework Namely ZIF-8/ZnO/C

Received: 27 August 2024;  Published: 17 October 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2404019

Abstract

The aim of this study was to photodegrade the Polyethersulfone (PES), Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microplastics using Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8/Zinc oxide/Carbon (ZIF-8/ZnO/C) nanocomposite generated under laboratory conditions. The produced nanocomposite was analysed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Photo Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectra (DRS) and Electron Spin R [...]

1468 7457

Open Access Original Research

Comparative Analysis of the Relationship between Renewable Energy Adoption, Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption, and CO2 Emission in the United States and China

Received: 11 March 2024;  Published: 26 September 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2403018

Abstract

This study addresses the critical issue of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, focusing on understanding the intricate interplay between four major variables Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDPC), Renewal Energy (RE), Fossil Fuel energy consumption (FF), and Patent application (PTS). This research is crucial due to the emerging negative impacts of climate change, which will create a disastrous future for human beings. It focuses on three decades from 1990 to 2020 and compares the results between the United States an [...]

890 9426

Open Access Research Article

Cultural Eutrophication Impacts on New River in Northern Belize: A Community Capitals Assessment

Received: 02 March 2024;  Published: 25 July 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2403017

Abstract

Watershed health and integrity are essential to human and ecosystem health and well-being. New River watershed communities in northern Belize, Central America are vulnerable to annual ‘cultural eutrophication’ - natural eutrophication exacerbated by human activity. Human-caused pollution from agriculture, septic effluent, and industrial drainage, in combination with extended drought and the slow flow of New River, has caused more frequent and prolonged periods of eutrophication. In this qualitative study, 42 New Ri [...]

1347 13239

Open Access Review

The Importance of Responsible Electronic Waste Treatment for Sustainability

Received: 02 January 2024;  Published: 01 July 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2403016

Abstract

Waste production is experiencing a significant increase in correlation with the growth of the human population and industrial activities. The kind of waste that is expanding at a rapid rate is known as "e-waste," which stands for electronic waste. In the context of electronic waste, the term refers to the waste produced during the disposal of electronic devices and any other components utilized in making or operating these devices. In the same way that different types of waste occur, electronic waste pollutes the e [...]

1004 6239

Open Access Review

Phytoremediation: A Sustainable Approach to Combat Soil Salinity

Received: 14 March 2024;  Published: 12 June 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2402015

Abstract

Soil salinization is a significantconstraint affecting the productivity of agricultural land worldwide. This led to the abandoning of the production of farmcrops on colossalland. Soil salinity inversely affects seed germination and plant growth and influences the plant’s biological activities like photosynthesis, respiration, plant metabolism, enzymatic activities, hormone regulation, etc. Therefore, efforts are being made to bring the saline soil under cultivation by improving itthrough a proper drainage sys [...]

2070 16146

Open Access Review

Human Health Impact of Municipal Solid Waste Mismanagement: A Review

Received: 22 December 2023;  Published: 11 June 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2402014

Abstract

Management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is frequently not properly performed. Whenever this happens, those working in the different stages of the process, as well as residents close to the dumps, face health risks. Here, we revised the documented evidence of emissions liberated during MSW management and associated health problems to investigate if systematic and reproducible relationships can be established. Besides substances released during collection and transportation, various toxic substances, predominantly [...]

3537 36914

Open Access Original Research

Sustainable Hospital Waste Management Practices in the Western Province of Sri Lanka: Problems and Prospects

Received: 25 December 2023;  Published: 28 May 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2402013

Abstract

Ensuring the sustainability of hospital waste management practices has become a burning issue. Due to the growing population coinciding with rapid urbanization and industrialization, practicing sustainable methods of medical waste management is an urgent requirement. Like other developing countries, Sri Lanka also faces various difficulties when dealing with high-risk hospital waste material, spreading diseases rapidly and making the environment unclean. Thus, moving towards sustainable hospital waste management ha [...]

2644 22294

Open Access Original Research

Application of Simulation-Based Metrics to Improve the Daylight Performance of a Secondary School, An Approach for Green Building Designers and Architects

Received: 07 January 2024;  Published: 17 May 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2402012

Abstract

Visual comfort affects the quality of classrooms as well as student learning. A practice-oriented approach discovers how the gap between academic research and its application in building design can be addressed. Nevertheless, the physical characteristics design of daylighting systems, including window sizes, shapes, dimensions, and materials, are considered fundamental challenges for their practicability. In this study, the physical characteristics design of daylighting systems, including window sizes, shapes, dime [...]

2319 22292

Open Access Original Research

Estimating Inhaled Nitrogen Dioxide from the Human Biometric Response

Received: 19 December 2023;  Published: 08 May 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2402011

Abstract

Breathing clean air is crucial for maintaining good human health. The air we inhale can significantly impact our physical and mental well-being, influenced by parameters such as particulate matter and gases (e.g. carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide). Building on previous research that explored the effects of particulate matter (PM) in specific environments, analyzed using biometric indicators and machine learning models; this work focuses on the effects and estimation of inhaled nitrogen dioxide ( [...]

1154 6307

Open Access Original Research

Coliform Bacteria Contamination of Water Resources and Implications on Public Health in Fako Division, South West Region, Cameroon

Received: 03 March 2024;  Published: 19 April 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2402010

Abstract

Bacteriological contamination of water sources, often due to improper handling of human waste, poses significant public health risks. This study investigates coliform bacteria contamination in water sources across the Fako Division of Cameroon. Twenty water samples were collected from various sources, including streams, community water, springs, boreholes, and wells, and analyzed for total coliforms using Violet-Red-Bile-Lactose (VRBL) Agar. Additionally, 352 household questionnaires were administered in four towns [...]

2442 15324

Open Access Research Article

Investigation of the Effect of Aerosol Deposition by Applying Electrostatic Fields

Received: 07 September 2023;  Published: 01 March 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2401009

Abstract

Particulate matter (PM) constitutes a significant risk factor for environmental health regarding ambient air quality. An epidemiological investigation has determined that inadequate air quality is associated with the development of lung and cardiovascular diseases, chronic ailments, respiratory infections, and a significant number of fatalities on a global scale. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the annual mortality rate due to air pollution is around 7 million individuals. The necessity for resear [...]

1192 9345

Open Access Original Research

A Systematic Review about Building Characteristics as Dampness-Related Indicators

Received: 05 October 2023;  Published: 29 February 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2401008

Abstract

The consistent associations between dampness and health-related problems, such as allergies and asthma symptoms, explain the growing scientific interest in assessing housing characteristics. Due to a growing interest in the built environment, the present study performed a systematic review to investigate the prevalence of dampness related to specific building characteristics. The built environment is gaining significance in population well-being due to the substantial time spent indoors. This aspect is especially n [...]

2753 16438

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