P7 - Articles - Open Access, Fast Publication, Free Publication, Timeliness, Ground-breaking research, Peer review, LIDSEN, Science Journal, Engineering Journal, Health Science Journal, Crossref Indexed, Google Scholar Indexed, Low APC, Original Research Articles

Table of Content

Open Access Research Article

Sleep and Mood as Mechanisms Linking Trauma Exposure to Alcohol Use in South African First Responders: A Serial Mediation Analysis

Tyrone Pretorius and

Anita Padmanabhanunni

Received: 15 June 2025; Published: 14 November 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2504308

Abstract

First responders are routinely exposed to traumatic events in the line of duty, placing them at heightened risk for adverse mental health outcomes, including substance use. This study investigated the psychological mechanisms linking trauma exposure to alcohol use, specifically examining the serial mediating roles of insomnia and depression. A sample of 429 first responders (309 police officers and 120 paramedics) from the Western Cape, South Africa, completed an online survey comprising the Life Events Checklist-5 [...]

486 2048

Open Access Review

A Narrative Review on the Relationship Between Autistic Traits and Anxiety

Buket Kılıç and

Dilek Ünal

Received: 31 May 2025; Published: 27 October 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2504307

Abstract

Although anxiety and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are common co-morbidities, the relationship between autistic traits and anxiety disorders/symptoms has been increasingly researched in recent years. This review aims to compile the studies conducted on this topic and enhance our understanding of it. All publications up to September 1, 2024, on PubMed that contained the terms ‘anxiety’, ‘autistic traits’, ‘autism feature’, ‘autism-like symptoms’, and ‘ASD-like symptoms’, in their titles or abstracts were reviewed. [...]

779 3476

Open Access Original Research

Mechanisms of Self-Awareness, Influence, and Self-Identification

Liana Spytska

Received: 04 April 2025; Published: 27 October 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2504306

Abstract

World socio-political growth is shaped by globalization, integration, and multiculturalism, which also impact individual self-perception. Understanding personal development requires studying self-awareness, self-identification, and influence to identify internal requirements and external influences. The study examined self-awareness, self-identification, influence, and their relationships, as well as psychological interventions for self-assessment and self-realization. To attain the research goal, analysis, synthes [...]

1061 25909

Open Access Review

Mycotoxins Exposure: Neuroinflammation, Cognitive Decline and Behavioral Alteration

Mojtaba Ehsanifar ,

Akram Gholami and

Joseph P Reiss

Received: 13 June 2025; Published: 21 October 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2504305

Abstract

Evidence from recent studies has suggested a significant association between mycotoxin exposure and neuroinflammation, potentially contributing to the onset of neurocognitive disorders during key developmental stages of the brain. Various research highlights how exposure to these toxins is correlated with a decline in cognitive performance, reduced motor skills, and behavioral issues. Mycotoxins are also implicated in interfering with neuronal signaling pathways and the functioning of neurotransmitters, which may l [...]

936 5337

Open Access Original Research

The Influence of Gender and Academic Achievement on University Students' Perceptions of LMS-Based Self-Regulated Learning in Korea

Yongjeong Kim ,

Saera Kwak and

Taejin Koh

Received: 28 April 2025; Published: 09 October 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2504304

Abstract

This study examines how university students perceive Learning Management System (LMS)-based instruction within the context of higher education, as they adapt to the rapid digital transformation. Specifically, it examines how students' perceptions differ based on gender and academic achievement, providing insights for more inclusive and adaptive instructional design. LMS platforms, when actively utilized, offer more than just content delivery—they can enhance classroom transparency, provide immediate feedback, promo [...]

624 3094

Open Access Research Article

Technology Support to Enable People with Severe Intellectual Disability and Blindness to Carry Out Occupational Activities and Transition Between Them Independently

Giulio E. Lancioni ,

Gloria Alberti ,

Chiara Filippini ,

Nirbhay N. Singh ,

Mark F. O’Reilly and

Jeff Sigafoos

Received: 14 July 2025; Published: 09 October 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2504303

Abstract

People with severe intellectual disability and blindness tend to perform only simple occupational activities and are mostly unable to transition between those activities. This inability makes their level of occupation independent of staff support fairly limited. Technology-aided programs may be one of the few opportunities available to increase their independent occupation. This study assessed one such program designed to (a) monitor the participants’ responses and guide them to transition to a new activity once th [...]

570 2386

Open Access Original Research

Interactive and Deep Learning-Powered EEG-BCI for Wrist Rehabilitation: A Game-based Prototype Study

Ebru Sayilgan

Received: 14 August 2025; Published: 24 September 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503302

Abstract

Motor deficits induced by neurological disorders impose a severe impact on activities of daily life. Conventional rehabilitation practices necessitate ongoing clinical supervision, which is costly and inaccessible. EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) systems offer a viable solution by facilitating neurorehabilitation through the direct interpretation of brain signals. Nonetheless, current systems are confronted with issues of real-time control, portability, and classification precision. The paper describes a n [...]

1153 6516

Open Access Case Report

Mindfulness Training to Reduce Anxiety in Socially Isolated Individuals with Schizophrenia: A Case Study

Hardiyati Hardiyati ,

Iyus Yosep ,

Meita Dhamayanti ,

Veranita Pandia and

Rohman Hikmat

Received: 17 May 2025; Published: 15 September 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503301

Abstract

This article aims to evaluate the impact of mindfulness training on Mr. A, a 17-year-old adolescent with schizophrenia experiencing social isolation and severe anxiety. The subject, Mr. A, is a 17-year-old male who presented with significant anxiety symptoms, including excessive worry, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, irritability, heart palpitations, rapid breathing, and sleep disturbances. These symptoms were accompanied by behaviors of social withdrawal, emotional detachment, and reluctance to communicate [...]

726 3424

Open Access Original Research

Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Interpersonal Mindfulness Scale (IMS) among Iranian Adolescents

Nahid Hoseininezhad ,

Roghieh Nooripour ,

Davod Fathi ,

Parviz Fadakar Gabalou and

Seyedeh Monavar Yazdi

Received: 11 February 2025; Published: 01 September 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503300

Abstract

Interpersonal mindfulness, involving present-moment awareness and acceptance during social interactions, is crucial for emotional regulation and adaptive interpersonal functioning. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Interpersonal Mindfulness Scale (IMS), a 27-item instrument with four subscales: presence, awareness of self and others, nonjudgmental acceptance, and nonreactivity. The cross-sectional sample included 15- to 17-year-old Iranian adolescents (2023–2024), r [...]

878 5321

Open Access Original Research

Neural Network of Alpha Rhythm rs-EEG Activity for the Assessment of Consciousness in Psychopathology

Sergey Lytaev and

Ksenia Belskaya

Received: 18 December 2024; Published: 29 August 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503299

Abstract

Consciousness is an integrative process that combines several executive functions, as well as the analytical and synthetic activity of the brain. In some psychopathological conditions, in particular, in schizophrenia, low-information "borderline" disorders of the executive functions and consciousness are often formed at the onset. The present study was aimed at assessing the integration of the bran alpha regulatory system and the modulation of consciousness based on the data of recording the alpha rhythm of resting [...]

713 3870

Open Access Review

A Systematic Literature Review on the Application of Explainable AI Approaches in the Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abdulmalik Ahmad Lawan ,

Hauwa Zakariyya Abdullahi ,

Abdullahi Yunusa Abdullahi and

Sadiya Tahir

Received: 16 January 2025; Published: 15 August 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503298

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with significant heterogeneity in symptoms and comorbid conditions. Studies have shown the value of early and accurate diagnosis in mitigating the associated social and behavioral challenges. Recently, studies have demonstrated the potential of machine learning (ML) models in identifying ASD patterns from neuroimaging, genetic, and behavioral data. However, the limited interpretability of these models poses a barrier to their clinical adopti [...]

853 6903

Open Access Short Review

Loneliness or Solitude: How Are They Different?

Ami Rokach

Received: 08 May 2025; Published: 14 August 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503297

Abstract

Loneliness, social isolation, aloneness, and solitude may be used interchangeably by some who may miss the difference between them. Loneliness is the experience of being alone, or perceiving that one is alone and unimportant to others. Solitude is being geographically isolated out of one’s choice. Loneliness is not a feeling, but a multidimensional construct which is expressed cognitively, behaviorally and affectively. solitude is also reviewed and a clear distinction between loneliness and solitude is established. [...]

1499 9679

Open Access Review

Advancing Objective Pain Measurement: Exploring the Potential of Electroencephalography Biomarkers

Samhani Ismail ,

Muhammad Hakimi Mohd Nashron ,

Mohd Hanifah Jusoh and

Abdul Nawfar Sadagatullah

Received: 26 February 2025; Published: 05 August 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503296

Abstract

Chronic pain involves complex cortical and subcortical changes, suggesting that brain electrical activity may be a potential biomarker for nociceptive processing. Pain leaves its signature in the brain's oscillatory patterns, yet limited studies have explored the neurophysiological alterations associated with chronic pain. This review examines the pain detection method currently used in clinical settings, the potential of neurophysiological features to become brain oscillatory brain biomarkers, and their use in fut [...]

1230 7407

Open Access Review

Maladjustment in Minority Youth from Community Network Disparities in the COVID-19 Lockdown Environment

Michael Okoronkwo ,

Aaron Mack ,

Keyana Varnado ,

Michael Alfred ,

Kevin Hardy ,

Amarachi Osuji ,

Percy Takyi ,

Gabriel Onor ,

Oluwatomi Akingbola and

Rahn Bailey

Received: 17 April 2024; Published: 04 August 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503295

Abstract

Pandemic lockdown orders resulted in closures to critical community networks. One such infrastructure was community recreation centers/parks. This infrastructure serves a critical role in building psychosocial wellness for youth. Socioeconomic minority youth face baseline disparity in center/park distribution and services. Youth recreation activity declined 50% as result of lockdown orders with corresponding decline in youth mental health status. Despite overall youth activity decline, White and high socioeconomic [...]

520 2872

Open Access Original Research

How Can Architectural Acoustics Reflect Levels of Stress and Relaxation in Indoor Environments? An EEG-Based Experimental Study

Navid Khaleghimoghaddam and

Sara Arzhangi

Received: 11 April 2025; Published: 31 July 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503294

Abstract

The acoustic design of indoor environments encompassing spatial configuration, material properties, and sound absorption significantly influences auditory perception and psychological well-being. This study examines the interaction between architectural acoustics, musical stimuli, and neural responses within a controlled therapeutic context, focusing on their effects on stress reduction and relaxation. Electroencephalography (EEG) was utilized to measure brain activity in 24 participants exposed to six musical inst [...]

1016 7136

Open Access Original Research

Protective Effects of Teucrium polium Extract Against LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress in BV-2 Microglia: Insights from Wild-Type and Acox1^⁻/⁻ Models

Alvard Minasyan and

Naira Sahakyan

Received: 20 May 2025; Published: 30 July 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503293

Abstract

Microglial activation and the associated oxidative or inflammatory responses play a crucial role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory properties of Teucrium polium (TP) ethanolic extract in murine BV-2 microglial cells, including wild-type (Wt) and peroxisomal β-oxidation-deficient Acox1-/- cell lines. The TP extract exhibited high antioxidant activity as assessed via the DPPH test, with an IC50 value of 73.89 μ [...]

575 3292

Open Access Review

Integrating Neuroimaging, Biomarkers, and Rehabilitation Strategies for Optimized Diagnosis and Recovery in Traumatic Brain Injury

Robert Medina ,

Akanksha Dave ,

Candice Keogh ,

Jordan Bartfield ,

Franco Estenssoro ,

Melissa Fraga and

Brandon Lucke-Wold

Received: 28 February 2025; Published: 21 July 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503292

Abstract

This review examines a multimodal approach that integrates advanced neuroimaging, biofluid biomarkers, and innovative rehabilitation strategies for the optimized diagnosis and recovery of traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI remains a critical public health challenge due to its high incidence and diverse, long-lasting morbidities. Conventional diagnostic methods often lack the sensitivity to detect subtle injuries, and current prognostic models are limited by the heterogeneity of TBI. Emerging neuroimaging techniques, [...]

1814 8848

Open Access Review

Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions in the Neuroinflammatory Cascade of Traumatic Brain Injury

Mega Obukohwo Oyovwi ,

Victor Oghenekparobo Emojevwe ,

Benneth Ben-Azu and

Ejayeta Jeroh

Received: 31 March 2025; Published: 09 July 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503291

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. While the primary injury is mechanical, the subsequent neuroinflammatory cascade plays a critical role in secondary injury and long-term neurological deficits. Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the brain, play a key role in this cascade, interacting with neurons in a complex interplay that can both protect and exacerbate neuronal damage. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview [...]

1085 5691

Open Access Original Research

Natural Neurostimulation for Chronic Pain Management: A Case Series of 3 Patients with Dysmenorrhea and Menstrual Migraine

Igor Val Danilov ,

Dace Medne and

Sandra Mihailova

Received: 09 February 2025; Published: 03 July 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503290

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that chronic pain occurs in various disorders due to correlated processes of spontaneous cortical reorganization and dysregulation of cortical excitability in consciousness-related networks. This case series tracks three patients with chronic pain associated with the menstrual cycle treated by a novel non-invasive brain stimulation technique that applies qualities of the mother-fetus neurocognitive model. Previous research has shown that a low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field an [...]

832 5439

Open Access Review

Chemical Neuroscience of Heterocyclic N-Amines: Implications for Pain Management, Mental Health, and Opioid Withdrawal

Ferydoon Khamooshi ,

Samaneh Doraji-Bonjar ,

Habib Ghaznavi ,

Mohammad Hasan Mohammadi ,

Ali Reza Modarresi-Alam ,

Ali Navidian ,

Ali Khajeh and

Mohammad Kazem Momeni

Received: 05 December 2024; Published: 10 June 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2502289

Abstract

This study reviews the biochemical mechanisms and clinical implications of N-heterocyclic amine drugs, particularly in the context of pain management, mental health, and opioid withdrawal. It highlights the structural diversity and receptor binding capabilities of these compounds, which enable them to target the nervous system and cross the blood-brain barrier effectively. The article discusses the role of opioids in pain relief, detailing their agonistic effects on opioid receptors and the subsequent risk of addic [...]

1082 6716

Open Access Original Research

The Relationship between Anger, Stress, Psychological Distress and Mood Disorders among Entrepreneurs

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed and

Muhammad Sufyan Ramish

Received: 18 December 2024; Published: 26 May 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2502288

Abstract

The present study investigates the association between anger, stress, psychological distress and mood disorders among Egyptian entrepreneurs. Approach-wise, the study is quantitative, and its cross-sectional data were collected using a questionnaire. The study’s respondents are Egyptian entrepreneurs involved in several business activities. Hence, the study concluded based on 286 valid responses. We used analysis of moment structures (AMOS) software, where we conducted path analysis to conclude the results. C [...]

1058 7609

Open Access Review

Love in the Time of COVID: Psychiatric Outcomes Related to Oxytocin and the “Endocrine Organ”

Adonis Sfera ,

Sabine Hazan ,

Jacob Anton ,

Ioana Ciuperca ,

Carolina Klein and

Karina G. Thomas

Received: 09 February 2025; Published: 09 May 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2502287

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic was an eye-opener for many medical disciplines. It highlighted viral exploitation of physiological cellular processes, including endocytosis and cellular senescence. These pathways play an essential role in cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and schizophrenia (SCZ). Oxytocin, commonly called the “love hormone,” is produced in the posterior hypothalamus and is crucial for various physiological processes, including social intelligence, sexual activity, and metabolism. Many viruses, [...]

810 4564

Open Access Original Research

Unraveling Bioactive Constituents Isolated from Knema hookeriana Warb. as Potential Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

Abubakar Siddiq Salihu ,

Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh ,

Nurunajah Ab Ghani ,

Mohd Hafiz Arzmi ,

Bunleu Sungthong and

Ravikumar Kapavarapu

Received: 05 March 2025; Published: 27 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2502286

Abstract

The Myristicaceae family, particularly the Knema genus, is renowned for its diverse bioactive compounds, including lignans, flavonoids, and phenolics. This study explores the phytochemical profile of Knema hookeriana Warb. leaves and evaluates their potential as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. Phytochemical extraction was performed using a cold maceration method with a polarity-gradient solvent system (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). The isolated compounds were purified through chromatographic techniq [...]

952 5619

Open Access Review

Mental Health Disorders Following Exposure to Endocrine Disruptor Chemicals

Mojtaba Ehsanifar ,

Akram Gholami and

Alireza Esmaeili

Received: 27 October 2024; Published: 18 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2502285

Abstract

There is growing scientific concern regarding how endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) impact central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Both anecdotal and preclinical studies suggest a link between EDC exposure and major depressive disorder (MDD), potentially leading to neurodegenerative outcomes. EDCs primarily exhibit their biological effects by interacting with hormone receptors. Nonetheless, there is scientific evidence pointing to dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-adrenal axis, which is linked t [...]

1027 7359

Open Access Review

Neurotoxicity Following Exposure to Chlorpyrifos

Mojtaba Ehsanifar and

Alireza Esmaeili

Received: 14 January 2025; Published: 15 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2502284

Abstract

Neurotoxicity occurs when exposure to a biological, chemical, or physical agent, especially a neurotoxin, alters the normal activity of the nervous system in a way that results in permanent or reversible damage to neurons and nerve tissue and disrupts the functioning of the brain and nervous system. Chlorpyrifos is a broad-spectrum organophosphorus insecticide that has been used worldwide for more than 50 years and can damage the nervous system of insects by creating neurotoxicity. Epidemiological studies show that [...]

1929 11149

Open Access Review

Unraveling the Involvement of Serotonergic 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor-6 Activation in Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review

Che Aishah Nazariah Ismail ,

Nazlahshaniza Shafin ,

Khairunnuur Fairuz Azman ,

Idris Long and

Nor Syafinaz Yaakob

Received: 28 September 2024; Published: 09 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2502283

Abstract

Chronic pain is a significant and global healthcare issue that hugely implies the quality of life and productivity of the affected individuals. It is challenging to treat and thus necessitates a deeper understanding of its underlying pathomechanisms to develop targeted interventions. Serotonin is one of the essential neurotransmitters involved in the propagation of pain signals through both ascending and descending pathways, acting via various receptor subtypes, including the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor-6 (5-HT6R) [...]

1167 5828

Open Access Review

Pregnancy Risk Factors in Cerebrovascular Disease

Mina Zeinalzadeh ,

Alireza Ala ,

Samad Shams Vahdati and

Elyar Sadeghi-Hokmabadi

Received: 16 May 2024; Published: 01 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2502282

Abstract

Cerebrovascular diseases such as strokes and cerebral hemorrhages are important causes of death in the world, which increase during pregnancy due to physiological conditions. This study investigated risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and other factors by searching in databases. After searching, 35 articles were reviewed based on the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria included articles from 2014-2024 related to the words "pregnancy" AND "cerebrovascular disease." The obtained results were e [...]

560 3928

Open Access Case Report

Forgiveness Therapy to Reduce Violent Behavior in Individuals with Schizophrenia: A Case Study

Rohman Hikmat ,

Iyus Yosep ,

Popy Siti Aisyah and

Shella Febrita Puteri Utomo

Received: 03 December 2024; Published: 26 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501281

Abstract

This study aims to describe the application of forgiveness therapy as a psychosocial intervention for a schizophrenia patient with violent behavior. Mr. M, a 19-year-old male diagnosed with schizophrenia, exhibited psychotic symptoms, including auditory hallucinations, persecutory delusions, agitation, and aggression. He had a history of trauma due to physical violence from his brother. The patient was diagnosed with a risk for violence toward others. Forgiveness therapy was implemented over six sessions, each last [...]

1185 6457

Open Access Research Article

Do We Care about Preschool Children's Leisure Time? Correlations between Anxiety Symptoms and Leisure Time Allocation. Results of a Cross-Sectional Study

Matina Lazaraki ,

Niki Skopeliti and

Ioannis Syros

Received: 06 January 2025; Published: 24 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501280

Abstract

Children's leisure time in the Western world is changing compared to what it used to be in the previous decades. Children's involvement in organized activities and screen time use is increasing, while outdoor play, despite once being the main leisure time activity for children, is declining. Gray, Oliver and other contemporary theorists link this shift in children's lifestyles to an increase in the prevalence of anxiety disorders. This study aimed to determine whether allocating preschool children's [...]

1196 7312

Open Access Review

Functional Prognosis of Spinal Cord Injury Due to Spinal Tuberculosis

Farida Arisanti ,

Tertianto Prabowo ,

Putri Endyana and

Apichana Kovindha

Received: 03 October 2024; Published: 18 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501279

Abstract

Spinal tuberculosis (TB), an extrapulmonary manifestation of TB, primarily involves one or multiple vertebrae, with a high prevalence at the thoracolumbar region, which can compromise spinal cord integrity and result in severe sequelae such as paraplegia, bladder and bowel dysfunction, and mobility limitation. This study aimed to review medical, surgical, and rehabilitation management, clinical outcomes, and prognostic factors of spinal TB with spinal cord injury (SCI). Research was conducted utilizing databases su [...]

1277 8550

Open Access Review

The Independence Principle - A Neglected Feature of the Hodgkin Huxley Legacy

Amy J Hopper and

Angus M Brown

Received: 19 May 2024; Published: 17 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501278

Abstract

The legacy of Hodgkin and Huxley rests on their squid giant axon studies, which were summarised in an empirical model of impressive predictive power that successfully quantified the permeability changes of excitable membranes and accurately reconstructed the action potential. Hodgkin and Huxley applied the independence principle to their experimental data in order to reveal potential mechanism(s) of trans-membrane ion movements. This was motivated by their lack of information on the manner in which ions crossed the [...]

802 4332

Open Access Review

Neurotoxicity Following Exposure to Micro and Nanoplastics

Mojtaba Ehsanifar and

Zeinab Yavari

Received: 13 December 2024; Published: 16 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501277

Abstract

The pervasive presence and enduring existence of micro and nanoplastics in the environment render their exposure to humans and aquatic creatures unavoidable. Research indicates these tiny plastic particles can be taken in by aquatic beings and mammals. Once within the body, micro and nanoplastics have the capability to infiltrate the brain, although the level of penetration and the subsequent neurotoxic effects are not fully explored. Previous studies indicate that metal (oxide) nanoparticles can enter the brain an [...]

3356 19225

Open Access Original Research

A Systems Biology Approach to Understanding Delirium Pathophysiology and Identifying Natural Compounds for Potential Therapeutic Purposes

Babak Sokouti

Received: 30 October 2024; Published: 14 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501276

Abstract

Delirium is an acute neurocognitive disorder marked by disruptions in attention, cognition, and awareness, particularly prevalent among older and critically ill patients. This study applies a systems biology framework to dissect the molecular underpinnings of delirium and evaluate natural compounds for potential therapeutic roles. Through bioinformatics analyses, key biomarkers related to delirium, including IL6, AKT1, JUN, APP, and PPARGC1A, were identified, implicating pathways tied to neuroinflammation, oxidativ [...]

1192 6412

Open Access Original Research

Studying the Cognitive and Behavioural Dynamics of Psychopathy

Liana Spytska

Received: 04 December 2024; Published: 14 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501275

Abstract

The relevance of studying the cognitive and behavioral dynamics of psychopathy lies in its importance for improving diagnosis, therapeutic interventions, and reducing crime, thereby contributing to public safety. This study aimed to investigate how cognitive and behavioral mechanisms influence psychopathy. A combination of methods was employed, including the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale, semi-structured interviews, and the analysis of non-verbal reactions. The sample consisted of eight participants (four [...]

1078 13055

Open Access Original Research

A Pilot Double-Blind Randomised Sham-Controlled Trial of Paraesthesia-Free Burst Waveform Spinal Cord Stimulation in a Small Case Series of Patients with Chronic Spinal or Limb Pain

John Salmon and

Peter D. Drummond

Received: 24 November 2024; Published: 05 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501274

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify methodological issues that might influence comparison of burst versus sham spinal cord stimulation for treating chronic pain. Six patients with an implanted BurstDR spinal cord stimulator were assessed double-blind during eight 3-to-4-day ON or OFF cycles over a 28-day period. The stimulator was switched off during two randomly selected cycles. Pain intensity was the primary outcome, and secondary outcomes included analgesic consumption, activity estimation and sleep quality. T [...]

573 3550

Open Access Review

The Impact of Microbiota on Neurological Disorders: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Giuseppe Merra ,

Giada La Placa ,

Marcello Covino ,

Marcello Candelli ,

Antonio Gasbarrini and

Francesco Franceschi

Received: 06 November 2024; Published: 28 February 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501273

Abstract

Interactions in the gut-brain crosstalk have led to the development of an entirely new concept: the "microbiota-gut-brain axis". Microbiota has gained considerable attention in relation to disorders of a more neurological nature, such as neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric illnesses like autism spectrum disorder, anxiety, and mood disorders. This review aims to summarize the recent trends and insights into the role and consequences of gut microbiota in brain health and pediatric neurological disorders. Dysbiosi [...]

966 5418

Open Access Review

Therapeutic Exercise Holds the Key to Improve Hand and Upper Limbs Dystonia Rehabilitation Programs: A Systematic Review

Maria Vittoria Raele ,

Laura Dell’Anna ,

Rachele Mancini ,

Giacomo Farì ,

Maurizio Ranieri ,

Marisa Megna ,

Riccardo Marvulli ,

Marco Paoloni ,

Francesco Agostini ,

Massimiliano Mangone and

Andrea Bernetti

Received: 20 September 2024; Published: 27 February 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501272

Abstract

Upper limb dystonia is a focal locomotion disorder affecting arm, forearm, and hand muscles, causing abnormal movements given by repeated, steady, and intercontinuous contractions. There are different types of dystonia and the multifaced nature of this pathology is challenging in the treatment management, leading to a worsening of affected patients’ life quality, mainly from a psychological point of view, but also from a functional perspective. This work examines the present literature regarding upper limb dystonia [...]

881 6841

Open Access Original Research

Digital Technology and Brain Development among Entrepreneurial Ambitions

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed and

Muhammad Sufyan Ramish

Received: 20 October 2024; Published: 25 February 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501271

Abstract

Brain development (BD) is an important factor. To effectively enhance BD, institutions employ digital tools, technology, and innovative digital competencies to improve students’ entrepreneurial ambitions. The present paper examines the role of digital technology in developing BD among entrepreneurial ambitions in Egypt. The study modes are quantitative and cross-sectional to collect data from the entrepreneurial aspirations of Egyptian universities where business, management, economics, and commerce students [...]

707 4106

Open Access Original Research

The Role of E-Learning Crack-Up Perception and Fear of Academic Year Loss in Students’ Psychological Distress and Academic Performance

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed and

Muhammad Sufyan Ramish

Received: 27 October 2024; Published: 14 February 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501270

Abstract

This study examines the effect of e-learning crack-up perception (ECUP) and fear of academic year loss (FAYL) on psychological distress (PD). The study also explores the impact of PD on students' academic performance (AP). It uses a quantitative method based on data collected from Egyptian medical university students using convenience sampling. The study utilized 313 cases to get the final results. Using path analysis through analysis of moment structures (AMOS) software, the study confirmed a positive effect o [...]

1028 5886

Open Access Opinion

Understanding the Scope of the Contemporary Controversy about the Physical Nature and Modeling of the Action Potential: Insights from History and Philosophy of (Neuro)Science

Benjamin Drukarch and

Micha M.M. Wilhelmus

Received: 09 October 2024; Published: 13 February 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501269

Abstract

According to mainstream neuroscience, the action potential (AP) is a purely dissipative electrical phenomenon that should be modeled as such. However, also (essentially) reversible mechanical, thermal, and optical changes in the neuron have been reported to accompany the movement of the AP along the axonal surface. These are not accounted for in the prevailing (bio)-electric theory of neuronal excitability, originally introduced by Hodgkin and Huxley (HH) and mathematically formulated in their famous HH model of th [...]

939 5913

Open Access Original Research

A New Technology System to Support Occupational Activity and Mobility in People with Severe-to-Profound Intellectual Disability and Blindness

Giulio E. Lancioni ,

Gloria Alberti ,

Chiara Filippini ,

Nirbhay N. Singh ,

Mark F. O’Reilly ,

Jeff Sigafoos and

Serafino Buono

Received: 14 October 2024; Published: 12 February 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501268

Abstract

People with severe-to-profound intellectual disability and blindness tend to be sedentary and detached, given their orientation and mobility problems, often combined with their limited interest in their surroundings. An approach to address this problem may involve the use of technology systems guiding the participants through mobility and occupational activity (object use) with a combination of spatial/orientation cues, basic instructions for the responses required by the activity, and positive stimulation during t [...]

662 3951

Open Access Original Research

Measuring Post-Exertional Malaise with DePaul Symptom Questionnaires: Challenges and Opportunities

Leonard A. Jason

Received: 15 October 2024; Published: 05 February 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501267

Abstract

Following mental or physical exertion, patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) experience Post-Exertional Malaise (PEM). Although self-report questions represent less expensive and invasive procedures to assess PEM, variability in the wording of the symptom can cause reliability and validity problems. If different PEM measures are used in studies, this could create difficulties in replicating findings, identifying biomarkers, and determining effective treatments for patients. The o [...]

2297 17990

Open Access Research Article

Exploring the Unidimensionality of the GAD-7 for South African First Responders: Evidence from Multiple Psychometric Approaches

Anita Padmanabhanunni and

Tyrone Pretorius

Received: 21 September 2024; Published: 27 January 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501266

Abstract

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a prevalent mental health condition and the GAD-7 is widely used as a screening tool and measure of GAD severity. However, research has yielded conflicting findings regarding the factor structure of the instrument, with some studies supporting a unidimensional interpretation while others suggest a two-factor solution. These inconsistencies highlight the importance of validating the GAD-7 across diverse populations. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties and fact [...]

890 4999

Open Access Review

Advancements in Silkworm-Derived Silk Fibroin Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

Jitu Mani Das ,

Isha Behere ,

Jnanendra Upadhyay ,

Rajiv Borah and

Ganesh Ingavle

Received: 14 October 2022; Published: 20 January 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501265

Abstract

Regenerating injured nerves is difficult because they have little spontaneous regeneration potential. Advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have emphasized the possibility of biomaterial-based methods for nerve healing. Natural protein-based biomaterials have benefits over synthetic ones, such as biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, and biodegradability. Silk fibroin, generated from mulberry and non-mulberry silkworms, is especially promising because of its abundance, simplicity of processing in [...]

1636 12075

Open Access Review

Unraveling the Impact of Modern Technologies on Young Minds: A Comprehensive Study

Hatef Pourrashidi Alibigloo

Received: 22 October 2024; Published: 13 January 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501264

Abstract

The implementation of modern technologies has transformed connectivity, information-sharing, and education, significantly influencing students' academic journeys. New technologies offer advantages and disadvantages, particularly impacting young students and leading to changes in habits and behaviors. While technology can improve learning efficiency through personalized approaches, excessive screen time can negatively affect communication and academic performance. Studies recommend limited screen time for children t [...]

1253 10441

Open Access Review

Reflexes and Shared Intentionality in the Origins of Emotions Development: A Scoping Review of Studies on Blinking in Infants

Igor Val Danilov and

Sandra Mihailova

Received: 16 August 2024; Published: 10 January 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501263

Abstract

This review aims to explore research on the development of emotions in organisms at the simple reflexes substage of the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development. We review the literature on alterations in spontaneous blinking in children under 6 months of age. Then, we extract the data from the selected studies that allow us to examine whether simple reflexes in infants reveal the emotion signature in the altered reflective responses. The significance of this study is that it is the first review to demonstrate t [...]

744 8802

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgment to Reviewers of OBM Neurobiology in 2024

OBM Neurobiology Editorial Office

Received: 03 January 2025; Published: 03 January 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501262

Abstract

The editors of OBM Neurobiology would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2024. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the Web of [...]

493 2545

Open Access Review

The Impact of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms on Academic Achievement among Undergraduate University Students: A Systematic Review

Suheir Awadalla ,

E Bethan Davies and

Cris Glazebrook

Received: 21 October 2024; Published: 31 December 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404261

Abstract

Numerous studies have explored the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among university students worldwide. However, only a few have examined how these symptoms affect students' academic performance. This systematic review explores the relationship between depression, anxiety, and academic performance among undergraduate university students. Peer-reviewed articles published between 1997 and June 2020 were included if they: (a) were in English; (b) had a study population that was exclusively undergraduate [...]

2450 32121

Open Access Review

The Origin of Natural Neurostimulation: A Narrative Review of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Techniques

Igor Val Danilov

Received: 08 September 2024; Published: 29 November 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404260

Abstract

This narrative review of the literature on noninvasive brain stimulation techniques observes four neurostimulation domains: light therapy, photobiomodulation, a group of techniques within transcranial electric current and magnetic field stimulations, low-frequency sound stimulations, including vibroacoustic therapy, and rhythmic auditory stimulation. The review aims to determine whether or not different brain stimulation approaches rely upon a similar physicochemical sequence of actions. The study identifies releva [...]

1278 12140

Open Access Original Research

Factor Structure of Autism Symptoms in 5-6-Year-Old Children: Age Perspective

Andrey Nasledov ,

Liubov Tkacheva and

Sergey Miroshnikov

Received: 03 July 2024; Published: 27 November 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404259

Abstract

The work identifies the factor structure of autism symptoms in older preschoolers to check their age dynamics. An Autism Marker Questionnaire containing 330 potential symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was developed to be implemented as an online survey. 501 children were examined (371 with ASD) already classified by experts as a group of ASD, typically developing (TD) or with developmental delay (DD). At the exploratory stage, a relatively simple 8-factor structure was obtained: Speech Understanding (SU), [...]

840 6632

Open Access Review

Frontal Migraine Surgery: Indications and Results

Suat Morkuzu ,

Alice Morello ,

Giorgio Raposio and

Edoardo Raposio

Received: 18 July 2024; Published: 27 November 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404258

Abstract

Recent studies have identified that certain types of migraines, including frontal migraines, may be attributed to the irritation of specific extracranial nerves. This systematic review addresses the following questions: Which surgical techniques are most effective for chronic frontal migraines? How do combined surgical approaches compare to isolated procedures regarding efficacy and complication rates? Our objective is to comprehensively analyze surgical options for frontal migraines, including their success rates [...]

971 6066

Open Access Review

Evaluating the Efficacy of Action Observation Training in Improving Upper Limb Functionality in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Scope Review

Danilo Donati ,

Giacomo Farì ,

Federica Giorgi ,

Andrea Bernetti and

Roberto Tedeschi

Received: 02 June 2024; Published: 22 November 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404257

Abstract

This review evaluates the efficacy of Action Observation Training (AOT) in improving upper limb functionality in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Five studies were selected based on strict inclusion criteria, focusing on clinical interventions that assessed AOT's effects on upper limb motor skills in pediatric CP populations. Across these studies, significant improvements were observed in motor skills such as reach, grasp, and spontaneous use of the affected limb, underscoring AOT's potential functional benefits. [...]

1019 9058

Open Access Review

Genetic Basis of Emotional Regulation: Integrative Analysis of Behavioral and Neurobiological Data

Mykhailo Zhylin ,

Viktoriia Mendelo ,

Svitlana Bondarevych ,

Yuliia Kokorina and

Andrii Tatianchykov

Received: 08 July 2024; Published: 22 November 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404256

Abstract

Emotional regulation (ER) is the process by which people change their physiology, expressions, and emotional experiences to operate in their daily lives. Deficits in emotion control may be connected to physical and mental health consequences. This review aims to identify genetic variants, understand neurobiological mechanisms, and explore behavioral phenotypes associated with ER. In our study, we included English studies from online databases such as Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Sco [...]

3441 31936

Open Access Review

Effective Physiotherapy for Post-Concussion Recovery and Return to Sports: Narrative Review

Giacomo Farì ,

Roberto Tedeschi ,

Andrea Bernetti and

Danilo Donati

Received: 30 August 2024; Published: 20 November 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404255

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by direct or indirect forces is a prevalent issue in contact sports, leading to symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, nausea, and neck pain. These symptoms can have long-term consequences, including neurodegenerative diseases and mood disorders. This review fills an essential gap in the literature, as current studies on physiotherapy for traumatic brain injury (TBI) in sports are limited in scope, particularly in evaluating multimodal and personalized interventions. The review a [...]

1525 9817

Open Access Review

Gut Microbiota and Neuroinflammation: An Interconnected Nexus of Health and Neurodegenerative Disease

Mega Obukohwo Oyovwi ,

Gregory Joseph Uchechukwu ,

Bolape Adeola Oyekanmi ,

Emmanuel Igho Odokuma and

Ugushida Thankgod Ogenma

Received: 08 June 2024; Published: 20 November 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404254

Abstract

The gut microbiota, a complex ecosystem of billions of microorganisms in the human digestive tract, plays a crucial role in maintaining health. Recent studies have highlighted a bidirectional communication pathway called the gut-brain axis between the gut and the brain. This communication is significantly influenced by gut microbiota and its interactions with the immune system, which can affect brain function and contribute to inflammation. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship bet [...]

1155 7956

Open Access Original Research

The Development of Operational Model Integrating Digital Technologies into Public Mental Healthcare Services in Nigeria

Olubunmi Yemisi Fashoto ,

Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya and

Olanrewaju Oladimeji

Received: 09 July 2024; Published: 08 November 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404253

Abstract

The availability and utilization of digital technologies can leverage the challenges of the sharp-depleting workforce due to the consistent migration of healthcare professionals (HCPs), the alarming ratio of the number of patients to HCPs, discretional use of digital technologies among HCPs in providing effective therapeutic interventions and mental healthcare services. This study aimed to develop an operational model that integrates digital technologies in mental healthcare service delivery for public facilities i [...]

828 5768

Open Access Review

Relationship of Retroelements with Antiviral Proteins and Epigenetic Factors in Alzheimer's Disease

Rustam Nailevich Mustafin

Received: 10 August 2023; Published: 31 October 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404252

Abstract

Genetic factors such as allelic variants of the PSEN1, PSEN2, APP, and APOE genes play an important role in Alzheimer's disease development. Still, they cannot explain all cases of the disease and cannot form the basis for effective treatment methods for the pathology. Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease, so identifying new mechanisms of pathogenesis may reveal new ways of treating it. Since Alzheimer's disease is associated with aging, the hypothesis is proposed that an important trigg [...]

1052 4898

Open Access Review

The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Bullying in Adolescents: A Scoping Review

Iyus Yosep ,

Ai Mardhiyah ,

Kurniawan Kurniawan and

Indra Maulana

Received: 21 July 2024; Published: 25 October 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404251

Abstract

Bullying is a serious problem among adolescents with broad negative impacts on psychological and social well-being. Factors that influence bullying are individual and environmental. Emotional intelligence has been identified as an essential factor influencing bullying behavior, but its relationship is not fully understood. This research aims to conduct a scoping review of the relationship between emotional intelligence and adolescent bullying behavior. A scoping review approach was used in this research. Search for [...]

1434 21731

Open Access Original Research

Predictive Effect of Eco-Anxiety and Climate Change Anxiety towards Mental Health Problems and Psychological Well-Being among Entrepreneurs

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed and

Muhammad Sufyan Ramish

Received: 25 July 2024; Published: 18 October 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404250

Abstract

Entrepreneurs face massive challenges when attempting to create sustainable businesses in the current era. This juggling act leads to eco-anxiety and climate change anxiety, which mainly affect entrepreneurs by creating concerns and ruining creativity and progress. These issues contribute to individuals' mental health problems (MHP) and severely affect psychological well-being (PWB). With this in mind, the present study investigates the impact of eco-anxiety (EA) and climate change anxiety (CCA) on MHP and PWB [...]

1304 12603

Open Access Case Report

Stuart Stress Adaptation and Nola Pender's Model on Mental Nursing Care of Patients Schizophrenia: Case Study

Rohman Hikmat ,

Iyus Yosep ,

Efri Widianti ,

Suryani Suryani ,

Aat Sriati and

Icih Susanti

Received: 20 July 2024; Published: 12 October 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404249

Abstract

To describe the application of the Stuart Stress Adaptation and Nola Pender Models in mental nursing care for a patient with schizophrenia and risk of violent behavior. This research method used case studies. The sample is one patient with schizophrenia. Data collection is done through direct observation, interviews, and patient medical records. The results showed that the client showed a major nursing problem in the form of risk of violent behavior. Predisposing factors included passive childhood experiences and s [...]

1256 12450

Open Access Review

Effectiveness of Integrating Botulinum Toxin Type A with Rehabilitative Strategies for Managing Spastic Diplegia in Children: Scope Review

Danilo Donati ,

Giacomo Farì ,

Federica Giorgi ,

Vincenza Amoruso ,

Valentina Boetto ,

Riccardo Marvulli ,

Laura Dell'Anna ,

Andrea Bernetti and

Roberto Tedeschi

Received: 31 May 2024; Published: 10 October 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404248

Abstract

This review examines the effectiveness of integrating botulinum toxin type A (BONT-A) with various rehabilitative strategies in treating spastic diplegia in children. The studies analyzed consistently demonstrate significant reductions in spasticity and improvements in gait when BONT-A is combined with interventions such as intensive physical therapy, serial casting, electrical stimulation, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and robotic-assisted gait training. The findings underscore the importance of personalize [...]

1093 9868

Open Access Original Research

A Probiotic Mixture Decreases Neuropathy and Oxidative Stress Markers in Diabetic Rats

Mohammad Shabani ,

Elham Hassanpour ,

Fatemeh Aghighi ,

Mojgan Mohammadifar ,

Fereshteh Bahmani and

Sayyed Alireza Talaei

Received: 11 May 2024; Published: 30 September 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403247

Abstract

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a type of nerve damage caused by long-term hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM). The gut microbiota alters in DM. Therefore, improvement of the gut flora may affect neuropathic pain and oxidative biomarkers' responsiveness to the probiotic treatment. The present study aimed to assess the effects of probiotic supplementation on neuropathic pain and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetic rats’ serum. Forty-eight rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12 [...]

775 6879

Open Access Original Research

Breaking Barriers: A Reliable Method for RNA Extraction in Zebrafish Neurodegenerative Research

Mahintaj Dara ,

Zahra Karimi ,

Mehdi Dianatpour and

Hadi Aligholi

Received: 02 June 2024; Published: 30 September 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403246

Abstract

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a vertebrate with unique characteristics, making it an excellent biomedical research animal model. One research area involves investigating changes in gene expression during neurodegenerative processes, aging-related changes, and behavioral studies in zebrafish. To achieve this, high-quality and quantity RNA must be extracted from zebrafish. This study aims to develop an optimized RNA extraction method from zebrafish larvae brains. After rearing and maintaining the zebrafish in suitable c [...]

1747 7823

Open Access Original Research

Mental Hindrances and Entrepreneurial Supports towards Psychological Wellbeing among Entrepreneurs

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed and

Muhammad Sufyan Ramish

Received: 21 May 2024; Published: 18 September 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403245

Abstract

University entrepreneurs' psychological wellbeing (PWB) is a gigantic problem that substantially affects their academic performance, health, innovative capabilities, and more comprehensive societal contributions. In this study, we examine mental hindrances, such as stress, anxiety and depression and entrepreneurship-related constructs, such as entrepreneurial purpose (ENSE), entrepreneurial carefulness (ENSS) and entrepreneurial desire (ENRE) that predict PWB among Egyptian university entrepreneurs. In this quantit [...]

730 6629

Open Access Review

Illuminate Resection Pathways with Fluorescence Guidance in Glioma Surgery: Case Reports and Systematic Review

Manuel De Jesus Encarnacion Ramirez ,

Nikolay Konovalov ,

Stanislav Kaprovoy ,

Gennady Chmutin ,

Geovany Venegas Cerna ,

Renat Nurmukhametov ,

Andreina Rosario Rosario ,

Kalin Ivan Yakovlevich ,

Jesus Lafuente ,

Eric Suero Molina and

Nicola Montemurro

Received: 20 April 2024; Published: 09 September 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403244

Abstract

Gliomas are the most common brain tumor in adults, with a poor prognosis despite intensive treatments. Complete surgical resection is difficult due to its infiltrative growth, but aggressive surgery improves outcomes. Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) is used to distinguish tumor tissue during surgery. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA) is a crucial fluorescent agent in FGS, transforming into a molecule that accumulates in tumor cells. We presented a 34-year-old female with a high-grade glioma in the left parietal lobe [...]

759 6506

Open Access Original Research

The Origin of Social Skills: Manipulating Shared Intentionality in Bioengineering Systems for Empathy Training

Igor Val Danilov and

Sandra Mihailova

Received: 12 March 2024; Published: 28 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403243

Abstract

This pilot study (N = 28) aims to develop universal computer-aided empathy training. The experiment tests a research design of manipulating behavior in subjects toward non-affective cues in a bioengineering system. The study implements the Mother-Fetus Neurocognitive Model to involve subjects in subliminal cognitive collaboration with confederates, which enables subjects to associate the meaning of empathy with the picture only seen by confederates. The outcome shows the feasibility of the chosen research design wi [...]

857 4998

Open Access Original Research

Enhancing Students’ Brain Development through Technology Use and Digital Characteristics

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed and

Muhammad Sufyan Ramish

Received: 12 May 2024; Published: 19 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403242

Abstract

In the present era of digitalization, technology plays a prominent role in relaxation and brain development (BD), specifically for university students. The present study explores the impact of technology use and digital characteristics (DC) in developing students' BD. We applied the quantitative methods; the study collected 328 samples from Egypt's different public sector universities through a questionnaire. Using path analysis through analysis of moment structures (AMOS), the results demonstrate a positive effect [...]

840 5631

Open Access Original Research

Recognizing the Role of ChatGPT in Decision-Making and Recognition of Mental Health Disorders among Entrepreneurs

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed

Received: 01 April 2024; Published: 19 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403241

Abstract

Nowadays, mental health disorders have become a significant concern for everyone. There are diverse reasons emanating from the workplace, business, and everyday environment. Therefore, there is a current need to use technology to detect and review their symptoms and causes. Accordingly, in this study, the researcher attempted to recognize ChatGPT’s role in decision-making and the recognition of mental health disorders among Egyptian entrepreneurs. The researcher used a quantitative approach in this study based its [...]

1280 8607

Open Access Review

Using Technologies to Promote Adaptive Responding and Reduce Challenging Behaviors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Selective Review

Anna Passaro ,

Antonio Zullo ,

Mariacarla Di Gioia ,

Mirella Dragone ,

Khalida Akbar and

Fabrizio Stasolla

Received: 30 May 2024; Published: 15 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403240

Abstract

The management and treatment of challenging behaviors in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a priority for caregivers, educators, and healthcare professionals. This selective review examined how different technologies were used to help manage challenging behaviors in children with autism, describing each technology's strengths, weaknesses, and applications. This paper aimed to provide accessible choices for caregivers, educators, and healthcare professionals, enabling them to make well-inform [...]

666 5861

Open Access Review

Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Roberto Anaya-Fernández ,

Roberto Anaya-Prado ,

Michelle M. Anaya-Fernández ,

Miguel A. Guerrero-Palomera ,

Ivan F. Garcia-Ramirez ,

Daniel Gonzalez-Martinez ,

Consuelo C. Azcona-Ramirez ,

Citlalli S. Guerrero-Palomera ,

Claudia Garcia-Perez ,

Bernardo Tenorio-Gonzalez ,

Jose E. Tenorio-Gonzalez ,

Laisha F. Vargas-Ascencio ,

Abraham I. Canseco-Villegas ,

Gustavo Servin-Romero ,

Allen R. Barragan-Arias and

Bruno Reyna-Rodriguez

Received: 02 May 2024; Published: 07 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403239

Abstract

Oxidative stress in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) involves reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS). Despite efficient antioxidant pathways in the brain, hypoxia triggers the production of oxygen free radicals and downregulates ATP, which leads to oxidative stress. Sources of free radicals during CIRI include Ca2+-dependent enzymes, phospholipid degradation and mitochondrial enlargement. Upon reperfusion, the abrupt increase of oxygen triggers a massive radical production via enzymes like xa [...]

1253 9336

Open Access Review

Tau-Targeted Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's Disease: Insight into Clinical Trials

Nadia El Kadmiri

Received: 16 August 2023; Published: 07 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403238

Abstract

The use of immunotherapy as a therapeutic approach to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is gaining rapid interest, with the primary goal of targeting abnormalities that impact neuronal viability through specific antibodies. Currently, clinical strategies focus intensively on targeting the two main pathologies associated with AD, beta-amyloid (Ab) and tau. This review examines ongoing research in the realm of tau immunotherapy, including clinical trials that demonstrate promising potential for halting AD progression. Several [...]

1257 15137

Open Access Original Research

COVID-19 Impact on Substance Use (Tobacco, Alcohol, Cannabis) and Stress in Medical Students

Mario Muselli ,

Loreta Tobia ,

Eleonora Cimino ,

Carlo Confalone ,

Martina Mancinelli ,

Leila Fabiani ,

Stefano Necozione and

Vincenza Cofini

Received: 30 March 2024; Published: 06 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403237

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to unprecedented challenges globally, impacting various aspects of daily life, including education. This study examines the effects of the pandemic on stress levels and substance use among Italian medical students. Two independent surveys were conducted: 388 medical students were interviewed before the epidemic, and 222 medical students a year after the COVID-19 epidemic began. Results revealed significant changes in stress levels, with a reduction in mild stress and an increase in sev [...]

766 7227

Open Access Review

Efficacy of Motor Imagery in the Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients: A Scope Review

Danilo Donati ,

Giacomo Farì ,

Federica Giorgi ,

Riccardo Marvulli ,

Francesco Quarta ,

Andrea Bernetti and

Roberto Tedeschi

Received: 29 May 2024; Published: 06 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403236

Abstract

This review examines the efficacy of motor imagery (MI) as a supplementary rehabilitation technique for stroke patients. Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were analyzed, highlighting MI's potential to enhance motor recovery, mobility, balance, and psychological well-being. Significant improvements in upper-limb function were observed with combined mental and physical practice, evidenced by notable gains in Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) scores. MI-based exercise programs impr [...]

942 15733

Open Access Case Report

Exercise and Psychomotor Rehabilitation in a Patient with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Case Report

Catarina F. Martins ,

Jorge Soares and

Maria Paula Mota

Received: 20 March 2024; Published: 01 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403235

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition that impacts an individual's physical, cognitive, and social well-being, ultimately resulting in a decline in independence and functionality. This case report explores how a program combining multimodal physical exercise and psychomotor rehabilitation can improve outcomes in interventions for Alzheimer's disease patients. This approach can enhance treatment effectiveness and provide researchers and practitioners with additional therapeutic options. The participan [...]

1057 10159

Open Access Original Research

COVID-19’s Psychological Threats and Future Career Anxiety among University Students

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed and

Muhammad Sufyan Ramish

Received: 17 May 2024; Published: 30 July 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403234

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic brought different intolerable and uncomfortable situations that ruined the students' academic performance, career opportunities, and social lives through depression, anxiety, fear, uncertainty, and mental illness. In this study, we examined the psychological threats of the COVID-19 among Egypt’s public-sector university students. We employed quantitative methods in this study and used a questionnaire to collect cross-sectional data. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) results show that Fear [...]

799 6957

Open Access Original Research

Investigating the Relationship between Lipid Profiles of Stroke Patients at the Time of Admission and Their Outcome

Mohadeseh Rajabpour ,

Alireza Ala ,

Eliyar Sadeghi-Hokmabadi ,

Hasan Amiri ,

Sara Rostamnezhad and

Samad Shams Vahdati

Received: 07 March 2024; Published: 19 July 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403233

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is one of the critical risk factors for cerebrovascular disease. Many studies have emphasized that controlling the lipid level can decrease the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. In this article, we studied all types of lipids in stroke patients and wanted to consider any relation between lipid level in admission and outcome. This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at Imam Reza Research and Training Hospital. It was performed on a sample of 2165 patients who visited th [...]

708 4886

Open Access Review

The Biomolecular Basis of Gut Microbiome on Neurological Diseases

Roberto Anaya-Prado ,

Ana P. Cárdenas-Fregoso ,

Ana M. Reyes-Perez ,

Danielle M. Ortiz-Hernandez ,

Montserrat Quijano-Ortiz ,

Monica V. Delgado-Martinez ,

Ana S. Pelayo-Romo ,

Roberto Anaya-Fernández ,

Michelle M. Anaya-Fernández ,

Consuelo C. Azcona-Ramirez ,

Ivan F. Garcia-Ramirez ,

Miguel A. Guerrero-Palomera ,

Daniel Gonzalez-Martinez ,

Citlalli S. Guerrero-Palomera ,

Karina Paredes-Paredes and

Claudia Garcia-Perez

Received: 23 February 2024; Published: 16 July 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403232

Abstract

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract harbors many microorganisms, including viruses, protozoa, archaea, fungi, and bacteria. Altogether, these microbes constitute what we know as the gut microbiome (GM). These commensal communities have important implications for human health. They influence physiological processes through different mechanisms, including synthesizing neurotransmitters, regulating enzymatic pathways, and releasing molecules responsible for different signal pathways. The interaction between GM and b [...]

833 7589

Open Access Case Report

Implementation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in a Child with Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder: A Case Study

Ioannis Syros and

Xenia Anastassiou-Hadjicharalambous

Received: 19 October 2023; Published: 15 July 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403231

Abstract

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a prevalent child and adolescent psychiatric condition characterized by substantial functional impairments. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has emerged as the primary therapeutic approach for managing mild to moderate cases of OCD in children and adolescents. Significant advancements have been made in applying CBT specifically to this age group in the past decade. Exposure and response prevention (ERP) is a core therapeutic technique grounded in the principle that anxiety t [...]

1116 8913

Open Access Original Research

Glasgow Coma Scale Scores and Impact of Delirium on Intubated Seizure Patients Treated with Phenytoin and Lacosamide: Retrospective Analysis and Literature Review

Sara Alattar ,

Muhammad Nouman ,

Chidozie Onyiuke ,

Conrad Stasieluk and

Edwin Meresh

Received: 29 November 2023; Published: 05 July 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403230

Abstract

Studies have shown that decrease in time intubated is associated with better prognosis. Delirium is associated with increased duration of mechanical ventilation and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay. However, there is limited report on delirium in intubated seizure patients. As per report, low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) increased the risk of delirium and thus increasing ICU length of stay. Information on delirium and outcome in intubated seizure patients receiving lacosamide versus phenytoin is limited. Our re [...]

1068 9624

Open Access Original Research

Alpha/Theta Neurofeedback Rehabilitation for Improving Attention and Working Memory in Female Students with Learning Disabilities

Roghieh Nooripour ,

Maryam Ghanbari Viki ,

Nikzad Ghanbari ,

Fardin Farmani and

Farinaz Emadi

Received: 07 April 2024; Published: 01 July 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403229

Abstract

Learning disabilities (LDs) encompass a range of cognitive challenges that can significantly influence students' educational experiences and overall academic performance. This study aimed to investigate the effects of alpha/theta neurofeedback rehabilitation on attention and working memory in female students with learning disabilities. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-tests, post-tests, and a two-month follow-up and included a control group. Convenience sampling was used to select 40 fem [...]

2022 21504

Open Access Original Research

A Technology-Aided Program to Help People with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities Access Preferred Stimulation and Exercise Motor Responses and Visual Orientation

Giulio E. Lancioni ,

Gloria Alberti ,

Chiara Filippini ,

Nirbhay N. Singh ,

Mark F. O'Reilly and

Jeff Sigafoos

Received: 14 March 2024; Published: 28 June 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402228

Abstract

People with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) are generally isolated, with a high risk of reduced stimulation input and physical inactivity. One of the strategies available to mitigate this situation relies on using technology-aided programs delivering stimulation contingent on people’s basic responses/activation. The two studies reported here were intended to extend the evidence available in this area. Specifically, Study I assessed whether a technology-aided program, which enabled participant [...]

863 5133

Open Access Original Research

Is Wheelchair Basketball a Symmetric or Asymmetric Sport?

Giacomo Farì ,

Enrica Chiaia Noya ,

Laura Dell'Anna ,

Vincenzo Ricci ,

Francesco Quarta ,

Laura Masiero ,

Andrea Bernetti ,

Marisa Megna and

Maurizio Ranieri

Received: 16 January 2024; Published: 25 June 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402227

Abstract

Wheelchair basketball (WB) is a health and inclusion opportunity for people with disabilities. In the scientific literature, no evidence defines WB as a symmetrical or asymmetrical sport; however, it would be helpful to deepen this aspect because it could improve the quality of training programs and consequently speed up WB performance. In WB, the biomechanical role of the shoulders is crucial. Therefore, the symmetry index and the activation of the bilateral supraspinatus and biceps brachii muscles were investigat [...]

1179 7860

Open Access Review

The Effectiveness of Using Progressive Muscle Relaxation Techniques on Quality of Life, Stress, And Anxiety Among Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review

Ala'a A. AI-yyan ,

Ayat A. ELayan and

Mohammad Saleh

Received: 28 February 2024; Published: 16 June 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402226

Abstract

The progressive muscle relaxation technique (PMRT) is an active method that is defined as a technique through which individuals gradually cause a feeling of quietness and coolness by actively contracting and loosening specific muscle groups. The purpose of this study was to review the effectiveness of using progressive muscle relaxation techniques on quality of life, stress, and anxiety levels among Acute Myocardial Infarction patients. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (2013-2023). Databases of P [...]

2022 19233

Open Access Review

Enhancing University Students’ Mental Health under Artificial Intelligence: Principles of Behaviour Therapy

Mubashir Zafar

Received: 13 March 2024; Published: 24 May 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402225

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of mental health issues among university students has become a growing concern globally. This review explores the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) integrated with principles of behaviour therapy to address mental health challenges among university students. The paper examines how AI technologies, including chatbots, virtual reality, and machine learning algorithms, can be harnessed to provide accessible, personalized, and effective mental health interventions. Furthermore, it disc [...]

1556 16084

Open Access Original Research

Assessing the Factor Structure and Construct Validity of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) in a Korean Preschool Teacher Sample

Yang Eun Kim and

Boram Lee

Received: 07 March 2024; Published: 21 May 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402224

Abstract

Preschool teachers are at high risk of depression. Therefore, emphasis should be placed on evaluating a valid and reliable instrument to measure depressive symptomatology for this population. One such promising instrument is the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), a 21-item self-report measure designed to assess the presence and severity of depression. Although the tool’s psychometric properties have been analyzed in different samples, they have not been validated with a Korean preschool teacher sample. Hence, this [...]

1374 14946

Open Access Review

Red Algae Compounds: Potential Neuroprotective Agents for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Leonel Pereira and

Ana Valado

Received: 06 March 2024; Published: 10 May 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402223

Abstract

This review explores the potential of compounds derived from red algae (Rhodophyta) as promising neuroprotective agents for treating neurodegenerative disorders. Red algae, abundant in marine environments, contain bioactive compounds with diverse chemical structures and functionalities. Sulfated polysaccharides, primarily agar and carrageenans, stand out as the predominant and widely utilized compounds derived from red algae. Additionally, red algae harbor a spectrum of potential molecules such as essential fatty a [...]

1959 14043

Open Access Original Research

Determining the Contribution of Physical Activity Constructs in Developing Intention to Exercise among Entrepreneurs

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed

Received: 08 January 2024; Published: 06 May 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402222

Abstract

In the present era, a healthy life is a challenge for everyone. Therefore, diverting individuals' minds towards physical activity and exercise is necessary for the day. This paper proposes to inspect the impact of physical activity on the development of intention to exercise (ITE) among entrepreneurs. The quantitative study collected data from 383 Egyptian entrepreneurs through a survey questionnaire. Most respondents were males (n = 257 or 67.10%) against females (n = 126 or 32.90%). The range of age of the respon [...]

1249 6371

Open Access Original Research

Mental Health of Teachers during the First Wave of COVID-19 in Daegu, Korea: Challenges in Reopening Schools

Jihyun Cho ,

Hojun Lee ,

Sang Hee Park ,

Myoung Haw Kim and

Seunghee Won

Received: 25 February 2024; Published: 06 May 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402221

Abstract

This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the psychological states of teachers during the first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using data on school mental health projects related to COVID-19 in Daegu from May to June 2020. The participants comprised 811 (34.9%) male and 1,511 (65.1%) female teachers in 1,041 (44.8%) middle and 1,281 (55.2%) high schools. After schools reopened, the most common causes of unbearable stress were unusual experiences, fear of infection, and negative emotions. Moreove [...]

1082 7081

Open Access Original Research

Understanding Mental Health Needs and Predictors of Anxiety in Emirati Female Students in Higher Education

Jigar Jogia ,

Fatma Anwahi ,

Shaikha Aburehaima ,

Alia Sharif and

Veena Kumari

Received: 09 November 2023; Published: 28 April 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402220

Abstract

The prevalence rates of depression, anxiety, and stress range between 5% to 70% globally. Many students experience these mental health conditions as they go through transitional periods in life, such as starting higher education. This study aimed to explore mental health concerns, specifically depression, anxiety, stress, and quality of sleep, in Emirati female university students, a topic that has been understudied in the Middle East. We used the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) and the Pittsburgh [...]

1123 9954

Open Access Original Research

The Impact of Physical Activity on Brain Neuroplasticity, Cognitive Functions and Motor Skills

Liana Spytska

Received: 20 December 2023; Published: 25 April 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402219

Abstract

The research aims to study the mechanisms and factors contributing to brain neuroplasticity. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis, hermeneutic method, psychological testing, and comparative and generalization methods. The research results revealed the nature of the concept of brain neuroplasticity and types of neuroplasticity, analyzed the process of redistribution of brain functions, determined the role of compensatory plasticity, revealed methods of studying brain neuropla [...]

1625 26889

Open Access Original Research

Oleuropein can Protect the Brain Against Deleterious Effects of Bile Duct Ligation in Male Mice

Faezeh Kouhakan ,

Sepideh Ganjalikhan ,

Alireza Sarhadizadeh ,

Khadijeh Esmaeilpour ,

Khatereh Akbari ,

Leila Jafaripour and

Majid Asadi-Shekaari

Received: 26 December 2023; Published: 23 April 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402218

Abstract

Oleuropein (OP) is a phenolic compound in olives. OP possesses potent antioxidant activity and an extensive spectrum of other pharmacological properties, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. This study investigated the effects of OP on neural injuries caused by bile duct ligation (BDL) in male mice. The mice were randomly allocated to three groups: sham, BDL, and BDL + OP. Neurobehavioral tests histological and biochemical evaluations were accomplished to assess cerebral damage. The [...]

1036 4812

Open Access Original Research

Compassionate Love for a Romantic Partner among Brazilian College Students

Joana Neto and

Félix Neto

Received: 08 February 2024; Published: 12 April 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402217

Abstract

Compassionate love (CL) is a recent subject of close relationships. CL is focused on enlarging beneficence to another. The present study approaches the test of the psychometric characteristics of the shortened form of the Compassionate Love Scale for a partner (CLS-P-SF) for Brazilian college students and its relationships with background and well-being variables. The sample included 217 young adults, 46.1% women and 53.9% men. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the single latent factor of the CLS-P-SF is g [...]

1322 6132

Open Access Original Research

Attitudes and Motivations Towards Implantation of Intention Towards Exercise among Entrepreneurs: A Brain Freshness Activity

Mohammed A. AI Doghan ,

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed and

Bahadur Ali Soomro

Received: 19 October 2023; Published: 10 April 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402216

Abstract

In the contemporary landscape, developing individuals' attitudes, motivations, and intentions toward exercise and physical activities emerges as an imperative cornerstone for fostering a healthy and thriving lifestyle. The present study examines the effect of the theory of the planned behavior (TPB) constructs on exercise motivation (MT) and intention towards exercise (ITWE) among Egyptian entrepreneurs. The study employed a quantitative approach and collected cross-sectional responses from entrepreneurs throug [...]

978 5302

Open Access Short Review

Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Virtual Reality for Cognitive Rehabilitation in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Short Review

Irina V. Tarasova and

Olga A. Trubnikova

Received: 02 November 2023; Published: 19 March 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401215

Abstract

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) has been observed as a complication after cardiac surgery consistently. The ineffectiveness of current treatments for POCD is causing a search for non-invasive alternatives. The present review aims to consolidate the current understanding of how VR methods effectively facilitate the recovery of cognitive functioning in cardiac surgery patients. To obtain information about the effects of VR technology on cognitive functions, we investigated the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sc [...]

1232 5793

Open Access Case Report

Management of Posttraumatic Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak with Secondary Diffuse Pneumocephalus Complicated by Meningitis and Communicating Hydrocephalus – Illustrative Case Report

Sintija Strautmane ,

Arturs Balodis ,

Klavs Smidrovskis and

Kaspars Auslands

Received: 10 January 2024; Published: 13 March 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401214

Abstract

Rhinorrhea is a possible complication after different types of traumatic brain injury or neurosurgical procedures, such as skull base operations. Pneumocephalus is a rarely noted complication after severe traumatic brain injury, and it may be accompanied by meningitis and ventriculitis, especially when treatment has been delayed. Treatment of these entities includes conservative and surgical approaches. Pneumocephalus may result in neurologic disturbances threatening a life. Therefore, active patient management wit [...]

979 5558

Open Access Correction

Correction: Tse et al. How COVID-19 Ceases All Older Adult Services & the Way Out for Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Chronic Pain. OBM Neurobiology 2023; 7: 183

Mimi Mun Yee Tse ,

Shamay Sheung Mei Ng ,

Vivian Lou ,

Raymond SK Lo ,

Daphne Sze Ki Cheung ,

Paul H Lee ,

Shuk Kwan Tang ,

Siu Hang Leung and

Percy Poo-See Tse

Received: 11 March 2024; Published: 12 March 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401213

Abstract

CorrectionCorrection: Tse et al. How COVID-19 Ceases All Older Adult Services & the Way Out for Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Chronic Pain. OBM Neurobiology 2023; 7: 183Mimi Mun Yee Tse 1, *, Shamay Sheung Mei Ng 2, Vivian Lou 3, Raymond SK Lo 4, Daphne Sze Ki Cheung 5, Paul H Lee 6, Shuk Kwan Tang 7, Siu Hang Leung 1, Percy Poo-See Tse 1* Correspondence: Mimi Mun Yee Tse; E-Mail: mmytse@hkmu.edu.hkAcademic Editors: Ines Testoni, Adriano Zamperini and Lorenza PalazzoSpecial Issue: How COVID-19 Changed Indi [...]

958 4714

Open Access Original Research

Resilience in Adversity: COVID-19 Pandemic Challenges in Diminishing Entrepreneurial Intentions and Business Startups

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed ,

Mohammed A. Al Doghan and

Bahadur Ali Soomro

Received: 13 November 2023; Published: 11 March 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401212

Abstract

In this study, the researchers explore the effects of COVID-19-related challenges, such as fear and anxiety about COVID-19, the uncertainty of COVID-19, and the recognition of business opportunities for entrepreneurial intentions and business startups. This study used quantitative methods and based their findings on 278 usable samples collected from Egyptian entrepreneurs. Employing the Structural Equation Model (SEM) through SmartPLS4 shows that fear and anxiety arising from the COVID-19 pandemic harm entrepreneur [...]

1195 7096

Open Access Review

The Role of Cognition in Balance Control

Nazrien M.D Nazrien ,

Novitri ,

Tertianto Prabowo and

Farida Arisanti

Received: 14 September 2023; Published: 17 February 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401211

Abstract

Balance is the ability to move and/or preserve a particular position while not falling under external force. Human balance is a complex process of integration and coordination of the sensory, motor, and biomechanical components, which is influenced by intrinsic and exogenous factors. One inherent factor that is hypothesized to have an impact on balance is cognition. However, studies about cognition's role in balance control are still limited, and study literature is needed to gain a better understanding. Cognition [...]

2404 15381

Open Access Editorial

Pain and Neurobiology

Varrassi Giustino

Received: 01 February 2024; Published: 02 February 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401210

Abstract

Neurobiology is an expansive field of studies encompassing the nervous system's anatomical and physiological aspects [1]. This complex framework's deep study and understanding have facilitated a more intricate comprehension of the interconnections among various nervous system components implicated in pain perception, transmission, modulation, and adaptation.

1083 5652

Open Access Review

The Association between Uric Acid Level and Ischemic Stroke

Yang Xu ,

Eng Hwa Wong ,

Rusli Bin Nordin ,

Abdul Kareem Meera Mohaideen ,

Benjamin Samraj Prakash Earnest and

Yin How Wong

Received: 11 July 2023; Published: 16 January 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401209

Abstract

Stroke is the second and third leading cause of death and disability, respectively, all over the world. It seriously affects patients' lives and brings huge burdens to their families. Ischemic stroke accounts for most of the stroke cases. In the absence of any effective treatment, prevention measures through controlling the risk factors for ischemic stroke become crucial. While uric acid has been reported as an essential risk factor for ischemic stroke, researchers hold inconsistent views regarding the specific ass [...]

1335 8202

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