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Open Access Review

Recent Insight on How the Neuroscientific Approach Helps Clinicians

Received: 14 February 2020;  Published: 09 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002028

Abstract

Hypnosis is a modified state of consciousness widely used to decrease pain perception in research protocols and clinical practice. In recent decades, hypnosis has been increasingly proposed to patients to re-engage their resources and capacities to modulate pain and emotional distress and to improve their treatment and recovery of well-being. Neuroimaging research helps clinicians to understand better how hypnosis works in terms of brain modulation. Hypnotic suggestions dramatically influence the self and environme [...]

2276 14938

Open Access Original Research

Hierarchically-Structured Ti/TiO2 Electrode for Hydrogen Evolution Synthesized via 3D Printing and Anodization

Received: 09 April 2020;  Published: 09 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2002007

Abstract

Hierarchically-structured, electro-catalysts consisting of a titanium core with controlled macro-porosity and a thin titania surface-layer with controlled nano-porosity were synthesized via combination of additive manufacturing and in-situ anodization. The electrodes were tested for hydrogen evolution reaction and depicted competitive electro-catalytic activities, with Tafel slopes between 40 and 56 mV dec-1. The electrodes also depicted competitive onset and over potentials when compared with other electrode alter [...]

2070 13535

Open Access Correction

Correction: Watts L, et al. Stakeholder Perceptions of Dignity Therapy for Children and Young People with Life-Limiting and Life-Threatening Conditions in the UK. OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine 2020; 5: 19

Received: 08 May 2020;  Published: 08 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002027

2012 9307

Open Access Editorial

Can Laser Medicine and Laser Acupuncture be used for COVID-19? Selected Areas of the Current Scientific Literature

Received: 03 May 2020;  Published: 07 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002026

Abstract

The present moment lacks any reliable vaccine or treatment for the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the resultant disease COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease-2019). Laser medicine like photobiomodulation (PBM) or photodynamic therapy (PDT), and laser acupuncture may possess some potential to interact and relieve the symptoms of this disease. PubMed lists only two results for the search term ‘PBM or PDT and COVID-19’, indicating the paucity of validated scientific clinical studies on the subject. On the contrary, it does not mean th [...]

2639 13102

Open Access Review

Genomic Biomarker Surveillance in the Care of Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: An Update for the General Clinician during the Coronavirus (CoVid-19) Pandemic

Received: 27 March 2020;  Published: 06 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2002107

Abstract

Biomarker surveillance after solid organ transplant is an advancing field with promise for further elucidation through high-throughput analyses and “omics” technologies. To date, Gene Expression Profiling (GEP; AlloMapâ) is the only FDA-cleared genomic assay as surveillance for moderate-severe TCMR versus allograft quiescence after heart transplantation. Clinical validity and utility, however, have been recently established after kidney and heart transplantation, for analysis of donor-derived cell-free DNA in the a [...]

2171 12418

Open Access Original Research

Assessment of Stability-Based Characterizations of North Carolina’s Offshore Wind Resource Using a Nested Boundary Layer Method

Received: 10 April 2020;  Published: 30 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2002006

Abstract

SODAR wind profiler measurements from a land-based site within 1000 m of the coastal ocean are compared with predicted wind profiles based on upwind conditions and a stability-based model. The thermally dynamic influence of the Gulf Stream near the site of measurement, Cape Hatteras, has been found to complicate wind speed estimation at height through its impacts on atmospheric stability and the resulting changes to wind shear. The COARE 3.0 algorithm was used to calculate a Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST) s [...]

1936 10868

Open Access Review

From Light to Sound: Photoacoustic and Ultrasound Imaging in Fundamental Research of Alzheimer’s Disease

Received: 24 October 2019;  Published: 30 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2002056

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) causes severe cognitive dysfunction and has long been studied for the underlining physiological and pathological mechanisms. Several biomedical imaging modalities have been applied, including MRI, PET, and high-resolution optical microscopy, for research purposes. However, there is still a strong need for imaging tools that can provide high spatiotemporal resolutions with relatively deep penetration to enhance our understanding of AD pathology and monitor treatment progress in fundamental r [...]

2753 16460

Open Access Original Research

Mechano-Vibrational Spectroscopy of Tissues and Materials Using Vibrational Optical Coherence Tomography: A New Non-Invasive and Non-Destructive Technique

Received: 04 February 2020;  Published: 29 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2002010

Abstract

Elastic moduli of tissues and synthetic polymeric materials are important design properties needed to develop new implants. In this paper we report the use of vibrational optical coherence tomography (VOCT) to measure the resonant frequency and calculate the modulus of tissues and synthetic polymers non-invasively and non-destructively in vitro and in vivo. Values of tissue and polymer moduli were obtained by applying an audible sinusoidal sound wave to the surface of each specimen. The sound wave travels to the in [...]

3257 25143

Open Access Review

New Horizons in Alzheimer Research from Amyloid and Beyond

Received: 01 December 2019;  Published: 29 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002116

Abstract

The Amyloid and Tau Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease once thought to be the key have shown marginal results but are bolstered by the recent revival of the Aducanumab study and some positive data on some anti-Tau drugs. It still behoves us to look at other mechanisms which include whole blood transfusions, an Epigenetic approach, a-derivative of a Parkinson's drug a low dose of an anti-epileptic drug, an antibiotic against P Gingivitis and many new approaches not directly involving Amyloid and Tau. Other newer appr [...]

2232 69747

Open Access Original Research

Storable Energy Production from Wind over Water

Received: 28 January 2020;  Published: 29 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2002005

Abstract

The current status of a project is described which aims to demonstrate the technical and economic feasibility of converting the vast wind energy available over the globe’s oceans and lakes into storable energy. To this end, autonomous high-performance sailing ships are equipped with hydrokinetic turbines whose output is stored either in electric batteries or is fed into electrolysers to produce hydrogen which then is compressed and stored in tanks. In the present paper, the previous analytical studies which showed [...]

2130 11294

Open Access Original Research

Autonomous Hydrogen Production for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells PEMFC

Received: 04 March 2020;  Published: 28 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2002004

Abstract

This paper focuses on hydrogen production for green mobility applications (other applications are currently under investigation). Firstly, a brief state of the art of hydrogen generation by hydrolysis with magnesium is shown. The hydrolysis performance of Magnesium powder ball–milled along with different additives (graphite and transition metals TM = Ni, Fe, and Al) is taken for comparison. The best performance was observed with Mg–10 wt.% g mixtures (95% of theoretical hydrogen generation yield in about 3 min). An [...]

2758 17371

Open Access Project Report

Feeling Safe during Intensive Care: Protocol of a Pilot Study on Therapeutic Suggestions of Safety under Hypnosis in Patients with Non-Invasive Ventilation

Received: 11 December 2019;  Published: 28 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002025

Abstract

Patients in the intensive care unit are confronted with an extreme situation that may cause stress and anxiety. The negative experiences may cause patients to suffer for the long-term after leaving the intensive care unit. One such stressor in the intensive care unit is non-invasive ventilation. Positive therapeutic suggestions under hypnosis can help patients in intensive care to enhance their well-being by helping them to deal with specific stress like being ventilated. The aim of our study is to assess the effec [...]

2195 11295

Open Access Review

Effectiveness of Aromatherapy in Alleviating Palliative Symptoms and Its Possible Side Effects: A Literature Review

Received: 09 March 2020;  Published: 28 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002024

Abstract

Palliative care is a steadily growing component of medicine that focuses on treating individuals with life-limiting diseases such as cancer. It aims at improving the quality of life and alleviating cancer-related symptoms, including anxiety, pain, dyspnea, cough, nausea/vomiting, and constipation, which could result in significant physical and mental impairment. Integrative palliative care (IPC), as a subspecialty of palliative care, includes complementary approaches to treat patients holistically in their biopsych [...]

3044 19146

Open Access Research Article

Professionals’ Views on Offering Pre-Natal Testing for Adult Onset Cancer Susceptibility. Reconciling Personal and Professional Ethical Conflicts, Coping Strategies and Need for Policy Transparency

Received: 30 December 2019;  Published: 26 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2002108

Abstract

This paper explores views of healthcare professionals (HCPs) in genetics and foetal medicine settings on offering pre-natal diagnosis (PND) for adult onset cancer susceptibility (AOCS) genes. Study participants came from different disciplinary backgrounds and all had considered implications of offering PND for AOCS, directly or indirectly, from professional and personal perspectives. Foetal medicine and genetics teams are accustomed to offering PND with the possibility of terminating an affected foetus on the basis [...]

2190 10999

Open Access Review

Neural Mechanisms of Hypnotic Analgesia

Received: 18 February 2020;  Published: 24 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002023

Abstract

There is increasing evidence demonstrating that hypnosis could be effective in the down-modulation of pain sensation in both acute and chronic pain states. In the neurophysiological context, recent evidence has deciphered, to a certain extent, the mystery of pain relief upon hypnosis. It is probable that hypnotic suggestions of analgesia are able to modulate pain processing at multiple levels and sites within the central nervous system (CNS). At the peripheral level, hypnosis may modulate the nociceptive input thro [...]

2227 17536

Open Access Review

Can HCV Viremic Organs Be Used in Liver Transplantation to HCV Negative Recipients?

Received: 02 February 2020;  Published: 24 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.2002046

Abstract

Liver transplantation has steadily increased worldwide resulting in a large number of patients on the waiting list. Due to the opioid epidemic in the US, the pool of Hepatitis C seropositive donors increased significantly in recent years. Direct acting antivirals played an instrumental role in making liver transplantation with hepatitis C positive allograft an acceptable option. Although hepatitis C positive liver transplantation to hepatitis C positive recipients is a common practice, there is limited data and agr [...]

1493 7617

Open Access Case Report

Intestinal Necrosis Due to Digoxin Intoxication

Received: 01 February 2020;  Published: 21 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002115

Abstract

The knowledge about digoxin, the associated cardiac and extracardiac effects, its pharmacokinetics and dynamics, indications, dosing, and side effects is important with the objective of deriving its maximum benefit without the risk of intoxication. Although the dosing of digoxin has been standardized and its usage has declined, digoxin intoxication still occurs frequently. Due to the risk of fatal complications, it has a negative prognosis. The knowledge about the etiology and symptoms of intoxication is critical f [...]

2145 11669

Open Access Original Research

Water Photo-Oxidation Reaction on Clean and Doped Two-Dimensional Graphitic C2N

Received: 16 February 2020;  Published: 20 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2002003

Abstract

In the search for new efficient photo-catalysts for hydrogen production through water splitting, the main attention has been paid to tuning the band gap width and its position with respect to vacuum level. However, actual electro-catalytic activity for the water oxidation reaction on a catalyst surface is no less important than those quantities. In this work we evaluate from first principles the thermodynamics of the reaction on relatively new candidates for water splitting: two-dimensional C2N and that doped with [...]

2041 10277

Open Access Original Research

Effects of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention on Circulating Cytokine Levels in Individuals with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study

Received: 23 November 2019;  Published: 17 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002022

Abstract

Peripheral inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dysregulations in circulating levels of different inflammatory mediators are detectable as early as the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage towards AD. Depressive symptoms, another risk factor of AD, are often found in individuals with MCI and associated with heightened levels of peripheral inflammatory mediators. Diminution in depressive symptoms and alterations of peripheral inflammation profiles have been obs [...]

2073 10699

Open Access Case Report

Tongue Acupuncture as an Alternative Method for Treating Rosacea–A Case Report

Received: 29 December 2019;  Published: 15 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002021

Abstract

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by facial papules, pustules, erythema, and telangiectasia. Emotional factors such as stress and anxiety may induce and aggravate the symptoms of rosacea. It is hypothesized that tongue acupuncture, a technique that has been used successfully in the treatment of various neurological and psychiatric diseases, could be beneficial in relieving rosacea symptoms. This study evaluated the immediate effect of tongue acupuncture at specific anatomical point [...]

2164 16670

Open Access Review

Low Prevalence of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Ambulatory Asymptomatic Cirrhotic Patients: Consequences in Patients’ Care

Received: 21 August 2019;  Published: 15 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.2002045

Abstract

The literature on the prevalence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in cirrhotic outpatients who visited the hospital for therapeutic abdominal paracentesis was reviewed in order to assess the usefulness of urinary strips in this setting. The authors reviewed the studies published as peer-reviewed articles on the prevalence of SBP in ambulatory outpatients who visited the hospital for therapeutic paracentesis. Five such studies were available in the literature. It was found that the prevalence of SBP was in [...]

1260 6882

Open Access Editorial

Effects of Exercise on Cognition across the Lifespan

Received: 12 April 2020;  Published: 15 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002020

1935 8470

Open Access Original Research

Quantum Decoherence in Dense Media: A Few Examples

Received: 29 December 2019;  Published: 13 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2002009

Abstract

Decoherence is a relatively recent concept in the field of quantum mechanics. Although the pioneers of the field must have understood that loss of phase coherence in quantum superpositions is the reason underlying the appearance of definite outcomes in the quantum measurement problem, the latter was not treated in terms of decoherence until sixty years after the formulation of quantum mechanics as described in a report by Joos and Zeh in 1983 [1]. However, soon after, the theory was developed in further detail, and [...]

2920 25907

Open Access Original Research

States of Consciousness, the qEEG, and Noetic Snapshots of the Brain/Mind Interface: A Case Study of Hypnosis and Sidhi Meditation

Received: 20 January 2020;  Published: 13 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002019

Abstract

Noetic analysis is a methodology to quantify the mind during hypnosis, meditation, or other stimulus conditions/states of consciousness in a reliable and valid manner. The methodology uses retrospective phenomenological assessment (RPA) to comprehensively assess subjective experience. By having the participant complete a first person, self-report questionnaire, the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI), in reference to a short stimulus condition, the researcher can generate a “snapshot” of the mind, and it [...]

2468 18705

Open Access Review

Neurochemical System Involved in Anorexia Nervosa

Received: 19 November 2019;  Published: 13 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2002055

Abstract

Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder, the etiopathogenesis of which is still not fully understood. Currently, the most accredited model is a multifactorial model, which involves interaction between predisposing factors of biological nature, partly genetically determined, and psychological/personological and environmental socio-cultural factors. The last 20 years have led to the advancement in our knowledge on the mechanisms of energy homeostasis maintenance. There has been a veritable explosion of studies aim [...]

1563 12539

Open Access Research Article

A Methodology to Estimate Net Proton: Phosphorus Co-Adsorption Ratios for Acidic Soils

Received: 07 November 2019;  Published: 13 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2002005

Abstract

Despite extensive research, the behaviour of the key nutrient element, phosphorus (P), in soil is not yet fully understood. This study focussed on the outstanding issue of the co-adsorption of protons (H+) and P by soils. We developed a congruent set of measures to determine the net H+:P co-adsorption ratio and tested it on goethite, for which a ratio of 1.6:1 had been estimated under CO2-free conditions for additions of NaH2PO4. Under our conditions, and using additions of KH2PO4, the net H+:P co-adsorption ratio [...]

1507 9527

Open Access Original Research

MSIGNET: A Bayesian Approach for Disease-associated Gene Network Identification

Received: 19 October 2019;  Published: 07 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2002107

Abstract

The analysis of gene networks and signalling pathways plays a key role in understanding gene functions, i.e., their effects on the development of a particular disease. Yet, for many heterogeneous diseases, the number of known disease-associated genes is limited. Identifying disease-associated genes is still an open challenge. To understand the functions of genes associated with a disease, we develop a Metropolis-Hastings sampling based SIGnificant NETwork (MSIGNET) identification approach. MSIGNET integrates diseas [...]

2144 11464

Open Access Original Research

Using a Rocking Chair in the Care of People with Dementia: A Single-Case Research Study

Received: 09 November 2019;  Published: 07 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002114

Abstract

The people with dementia experience a progressive loss of cognition, while more than 90% of them develop behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). BPSD may result in physical injuries and psychological distress among people with dementia and their family/caregivers. First-line care strategies in dementia care should not unthinkingly involve pharmacological interventions to avert or reduce the behavior, and should rather consider the person and their unique requirements. Therefore, a combination of p [...]

2768 19097

Open Access Correction

Correction: Cabo F, et al. Similarities and Differences in East Asian Massage and Bodywork Therapies: A Critical Review. OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine 2020; 5: 17

Received: 01 April 2020;  Published: 02 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002018

1682 8373

Open Access Review

Catatonia Following Cessation of Topiramate in a Patient with Prader-Willi Syndrome: Case Report and Review of Literature

Received: 12 January 2020;  Published: 01 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2002054

Abstract

Case studies have associated catatonia with withdrawal from benzodiazepines and clozapine, both of which have been shown to increase GABA activity. Long-term use of GABAergic medications could result in GABAA downregulation and sudden discontinuation of the GABAergic drug could lead to a GABA hypoactive state which could predispose the patient to catatonia. The anticonvulsant topiramate, is known to increase brain GABA activity. Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic imprinting disorder characterized by lack of e [...]

1625 11242

Open Access Review

Management of Older People With Diabetes - A Focus On Mental Functions

Received: 05 March 2020;  Published: 01 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002113

Abstract

The prevalence of diabetes in older people is increasing. Diabetes in old age is associated with increased risk of mental dysfunction. Cognitive dysfunction and mood disorders such as depression, anxiety and diabetes-related distress tend to coexist in older people with diabetes and appear to have bidirectional relationship acting as a risk factor and, at the same time, as a consequence of diabetes. To break the vicious circle of this complex reciprocal relationship between diabetes and mental dysfunction, early id [...]

1718 11550

Open Access Research Article

Electrodermal Correlates of Hypnosis: Current Developments

Received: 07 February 2020;  Published: 01 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002017

Abstract

Hypnosis has proven to be an effective treatment in disorders that affect the autonomic nervous system (ANS). However, the studies investigating the nature of its effect on the ANS have reported contradictory results. Measurement of electrodermal activity (EDA) is an objective way to assess the activity of the sympathetic branch of the ANS. We aim to elucidate the effects of hypnosis on EDA. Here, we report the results of two studies, both investigating the psychophysiological effects of hypnosis.In the first exper [...]

1994 11852

Open Access Editorial

Geriatric Cardiac Diseases

Received: 20 March 2020;  Published: 01 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002112

1331 8312

Open Access Editorial

Challenges to Transplantation by the Assault of CoVid-19: Emergence of Molecular Diagnostics as Surveillance

Received: 27 March 2020;  Published: 31 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001106

1720 9372

Open Access Opinion

Vitamin D in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Receiving the Direct Antiviral Agents

Received: 23 February 2020;  Published: 30 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.2001044

1564 7134

Open Access Original Research

Antibody-Based Capture and Behaviour of Endothelial Cell Lines on Pre-Surface Modified Medical Grade Steel

Received: 25 January 2020;  Published: 27 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2001008

Abstract

Coronary artery disease is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Coronary stents, tube-shaped medical implants that are placed in narrowed coronary arteries, have been used successfully in the management of this condition. However, re-narrowing (i.e. restenosis) of the artery can occur which is instigated by an immune response towards the implanted ‘foreign’ material. A new approach to prevent restenosis and reduce the stent-induced immune response has been proposed previously, which involve [...]

1524 10353

Open Access Case Report

Pediatric Mixed Left Ventricular Non-Compaction and Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Bridged to Heart Transplant with Ventricular Assist

Received: 21 May 2019;  Published: 26 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001105

Abstract

Left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is a rare form of heritable cardiomyopathy with wide genotypic variability, numerous phenotypic variations, and a wide spectrum of clinical disease from asymptomatic to end stage heart failure. Here, we present a case of a 2-year-old boy who presented to their pediatrician with a cough as a first clinical sign of heart failure, rapidly progressing to severe heart failure. He was found to have mixed LVNC with a restrictive phenotype, a rare phenotype of this form [...]

1801 10791

Open Access Review

Dopaminergic Activity and Exercise Behavior in Anorexia Nervosa

Received: 03 December 2019;  Published: 23 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2001053

Abstract

Driven exercise (i.e., the tendency to exercise in excess to influence weight/shape or regulate emotion) is difficult to manage in the context of anorexia nervosa, and is associated with poorer treatment outcomes, and psychological and medical severity. Driven exercise is observed in a considerable number of those diagnosed with anorexia nervosa; however, to date, this hallmark symptom remains poorly understood. Dopamine signaling is implicated in motivating and maintaining appetitive behavior among patients with e [...]

2423 15910

Open Access Editorial

Religious, and Ethno-Cultural Competence in Palliative and End-of-Life Care

Received: 17 March 2020;  Published: 23 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001016

Abstract

Cultural and religious competence is an essential component of palliative and end-of-life care. Because religious, ethnic and racial groups often differ in their values and preferences, including their attitudes toward palliative and end-of-life care, clinicians must maintain an open and respectful attitude toward these differences. Cultural and religious competence can improve palliative and end-of-life care, and strengthen the therapeutic alliance with patients and their families.

2464 14475

Open Access Case Report

Knight in Splicing Armor: Alternative Splicing as a Neuroprotective Mechanism

Received: 13 January 2020;  Published: 20 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2001106

Abstract

By adjusting gene expression in response to environmental changes, cells can optimize fitness as needed. Alternative splicing is one of the most important post-transcriptional regulation steps, broadly involved in diverse physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we present 5 cases of alternative splicing conferring increased neuroprotection through diverse mechanisms. These examples highlight the enormous power of alternative splicing in maintaining viability of neurons. From pre-mRNA secondary structure al [...]

2051 12512

Open Access Original Research

Heart Rate Variability during Acupuncture Treatment of Lumbosacral Pain

Received: 12 February 2020;  Published: 20 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001015

Abstract

Pain could be directly related to autonomous imbalance. To date, only one scientific work examining heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR) as the important parameters of autonomous nervous system (ANS) in the context of clinical routine acupuncture treatments for lumbosacral pain conditions is available in the listed databases. The present study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of HRV and HR, during and after the acupuncture needle stimulation in patients with lower back pain. Eighteen patients [...]

2197 13666

Open Access Review

Known–Unknowns in Geriatric Cardiology

Received: 05 February 2020;  Published: 19 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001111

Abstract

The present article summarizes the current state of understanding in geriatric cardiology in terms of the main developments in the field. The focus of the present review is on the therapeutics, into the specific characteristics of the elderly pa­tients dealing with the prevention of arterial hypertension, bradycardic arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery syndromes, valve heart diseases, and heart failure. Progress in the field of medicine has rendered possible to treat lethal cardiac diseases in the [...]

1848 10121

Open Access Review

Self-Consistent Theory of Screening and Transport in Narrow, Translation-Invariant Hall Bars under the Conditions of the Integer Quantum-Hall-Effect

Received: 11 November 2019;  Published: 17 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2001007

Abstract

We summarize and discuss a self-consistent screening and magneto-transport theory, developed to understand the results of scanning-force-microscope experiments on the current distribution in a two-dimensional electron system (2DES), located in a narrow Hall bar under the conditions of the integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE) and its breakdown. The theory explains why, at low temperatures, at certain intervals of the applied perpendicular magnetic field, the current density is confined to “incompressible stripes” (ISs [...]

1851 14622

Open Access Original Research

Sociodemographic Variables and History of Trauma and Disease Influence Consciousness after Hypnotic Induction

Received: 01 January 2020;  Published: 17 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001014

Abstract

Over the last 30 years, several neuroimaging and neurophysiological experiments have lent support to the neuropsychology of consciousness, and several definitions have followed to describe it. The phenomenological perspective of consciousness facilitates the description of the individual’s awareness experience of internal states (e.g., perception, sensations, emotion, volition, or memories), thus helping us to better understand the relationship between the brain and mind. Although significant research has been aime [...]

1983 11304

Open Access Editorial

Epigenetics of Obesity and Diabetes: Emerging Roles and Mechanisms of Non-coding RNAs

Received: 16 March 2020;  Published: 17 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2001105

1958 9747

Open Access Original Research

The Effects of Subjective and Objective Sleep Monitoring on Sleep Patterns and Attitudes

Received: 22 November 2019;  Published: 11 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2001052

Abstract

Self-reports and actigraphy are common methods of sleep monitoring. Portable polysomnography (p-PSG) may serve as a screening tool in natural environments. Common concerns with its use are that sleep and compliance might be affected. Further, dysfunctional beliefs of the subjects may contribute to sleep disturbances, which might manifest throughout sleep monitoring. This study examined the effect of monitoring sleep patterns and attitudes among healthy individuals. Sixty-eight physically active university students [...]

2159 12393

Open Access Review

Medawar's Paradox and Immune Mechanisms of Fetomaternal Tolerance

Received: 09 May 2019;  Published: 10 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001104

Abstract

Brazilian-born British biologist Dr. Peter Medawar played an integral role in developing the concepts of immunologic rejection and tolerance, which led to him receiving the Nobel Prize “for the discovery of acquired immunologic tolerance” and eventually made organ transplantation a reality. However, at the time of his early work in tolerance, a paradox to his theories was brought to his attention; how was pregnancy possible? Pregnancy resembles organ transplantation in that the fetus, possessing paterna [...]

3488 15865

Open Access Comment

On the Pathogenesis of Crohn´s Disease

Received: 07 February 2020;  Published: 09 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.2001043

1443 6954

Open Access Review

Similarities and Differences in East Asian Massage and Bodywork Therapies: A Critical Review

Received: 01 September 2019;  Published: 05 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001013

Abstract

Several manual bodywork therapies that originated in Asia are related to the theory and practice of acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). One of the aims of these therapies is to stimulate specific points on the body called acupoints which are the same points in which needles are inserted in acupuncture. These manual therapies, however, vary in their interpretation and explanation of the theories of TCM, and even more so, in the practical way the stimulation is applied. The aim of this paper is to cla [...]

2825 15725

Open Access Case Report

Transient Phenomenon in Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystals

Received: 10 December 2019;  Published: 05 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2001006

Abstract

In the present study, we report the experimental results related to the transient phenomenon, i.e., the time-dependent changes in the electro-optical properties of as-made polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films prepared by the UV-curing phase-separation method. This phenomenon occurs explicitly via polymer-induced phase separation when the matrix curing is not complete, some liquid crystal plasticized in the matrix, and some uncured pre-polymer components remain in the liquid crystal droplets. The outcome is [...]

2048 13534

Open Access Editorial

Plant Genetics and Gene Study

Received: 03 March 2020;  Published: 04 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2001104

2024 10760

Open Access Original Research

Stakeholder Perceptions of Dignity Therapy for Children and Young People with Life-Limiting and Life-Threatening Conditions in the UK

Received: 04 November 2019;  Published: 03 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001012

Abstract

In palliative and end of life care settings supporting people to make sense of their lives is as important as managing disease symptoms. Dignity Therapy is a validated psychotherapeutic intervention designed to bring about a sense of meaning and purpose for individuals at the end of life. Dignity Therapy has primarily been implemented and evaluated in adult palliative care settings. Prior to designing studies that evaluate Dignity Therapy for children and young people with life-limiting and life-threatening conditi [...]

2275 13892

Open Access Review

Neuroscience and its Contribution to Neuroeducation for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Received: 24 October 2019;  Published: 02 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2001051

Abstract

With an increasing prevalence of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in schools, teachers are in need of different effective ways to educate these individuals who have distinctly different needs and modalities of experience. One area that has been explored is neuroeducation, or using findings from neuroscientific research to inform classroom practice. Neuroscientific findings appear to center on two main themes of neurological differences among children with ASD: sensory processing and emotional processing [...]

1869 13767

Open Access Case Report

Acupuncture for Management of Symptom Clusters in a Patient with Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Case Report

Received: 07 October 2019;  Published: 02 March 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001011

Abstract

Acupuncture has increasingly been used to address a variety of symptoms in patients with cancer. Here we present a case to illustrate the use of acupuncture in a 35-year-old female with metastatic breast cancer who presented to the UCLA Center for East-West Medicine (CEWM) with physical and psychological symptom clusters of insomnia, anxiety, and joint pain.

2096 10537

Open Access Review

Biomaterial to Improve Drug Delivery in Alzheimer's Disease: Linking Major Pathogenic Pathways

Received: 26 December 2019;  Published: 28 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001110

Abstract

Aging, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and other factors can all synergistically promote diverse pathological mechanisms. These risk factors trigger widespread inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which can lead to blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. These pathological cascades lead to neuronal Ca2+ increase, neurodegeneration, gradual cognitive/memory decline, and eventually Alzheimer's disease. In particular, more recent research indicates that chronic inflamm [...]

1715 10125

Open Access Review

Biomedical Applications of Wrinkling Polymers

Received: 09 December 2019;  Published: 28 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2001005

Abstract

Advancements in surface engineering and material fabrication techniques have enabled the creation and replication of naturally occurring surface topographies or the extrapolation of natural patterns to become achievable targets. Polymers are used extensively in the field of biomedical sciences for containment, handling, and as cell culture substrates. It is well established that several polymers exhibit good biocompatibility for cell culture, with properties that include exhibiting minimal to no cytotoxicity and be [...]

2940 21323

Open Access Review

Histoplasmosis in Liver Transplant Recipients: Case Reports and a Review of the Literature

Received: 21 October 2019;  Published: 28 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001103

Abstract

We report two cases of histoplasmosis in orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients to illustrate the variable presentations, complications encountered during treatment, the spectrum of diagnostic modalities, and case outcomes. Case 1 describes the insidious presentation of presumed gastrointestinal histoplasmosis 12 years after OLT, which was defined by months of intermittent diarrhea and focal colonic disease on colonoscopy. A diagnosis of Histoplasma capsulatum was ultimately made by broad range PCR performed [...]

2084 14122

Open Access Review

The Importance of Rapport in Hypnotic Clinical Practice

Received: 18 January 2020;  Published: 27 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001010

Abstract

This article is based on the assumption that the therapist's focused attention, open awareness and kind intention are the basic ingredients for creating a relationship of trust with the patient from the first session. He also stresses that when the attention of a genuine therapist, without prejudice or judgment, is centered on how the patient expresses him/herself and on the contents s/he proposes, the patient relies more easily on the competent care of the therapist. The author argues that to empower patients it i [...]

2260 16315

Open Access Original Research

Faster and More Accurate Identification of Male Faces in Female Care Home Residents

Received: 21 August 2019;  Published: 26 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2001050

Abstract

We investigated whether healthy older adults who live in female-dominated old age care homes can identify the gender of male and female faces of people from different ethnicities in the same way as young adults. We hypothesized that this mainly female environment would lead by exposure to a female-gender bias. A sample of 40 participants aged 20-30 and 70-80 years identified the sex-of-face of 120 images of young and old adults, male and female faces, black and white faces, presented in a randomized sequence in a s [...]

2205 12477

Open Access Original Research

Assessment of the Processing Method for the Development of Hybrid Biopolymer-Based Scaffolds

Received: 01 November 2019;  Published: 26 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2001004

Abstract

The present study deals with the development of scaffolds based on gelatin (G) and/or chitosan (CH) through modifications in the central processing method. This process consists of the fabrication of a hydrogel which is, then submitted to a freeze-drying stage. To compare the effects of the different modifications, the mechanical properties of the various systems were characterized, employing both dynamic compressive strain and frequency sweep tests. In addition, their porosity as well as the structure and fiber di [...]

1913 10655

Open Access Editorial

COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19): Traditional Chinese Medicine including Acupuncture for Alleviation – A Report from Wuhan, Hubei Province in China

Received: 25 February 2020;  Published: 26 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001009

Abstract

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used to prevent and alleviate epidemic diseases for hundreds of years. The combination of TCM and Western medicine can effectively reduce fever; alleviate cough, fatigue, diarrhoea and other symptoms of patients with mild COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease-19). For the treatment of moderate and severe syndromes, the integrative approach can reduce lung exudation and inhibit the further development of the disease. However the risk of infection is a limit for example in needle a [...]

3425 20870

Open Access Communication

Effective Delivery of Cancer Vaccines with Oxidatively Photo-Inactivated Transgenic Leishmania for Tumor Immunotherapy in Mouse Models

Received: 29 December 2019;  Published: 24 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2001103

Abstract

The parasitic protozoa in the genus of Leishmania have exceptionally favorable attributes for exploitation as a vehicle for safe and effective delivery of transgenically incorporated vaccines against infectious and malignant diseases. A dual suicidal mechanism was installed in Leishmania via genetic and chemical engineering in vitro for accumulation of photosensitizers, rendering them sensitive to dim light for inactivation. Leishmania so inactivated are non-viable, but immunologically competent to deliver vaccines [...]

2101 10675

Open Access Research Article

Febrile Neutropenia in Children: Etiologies, Outcomes, and Risk Factors with Prolonged Fever

Received: 27 November 2019;  Published: 21 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001102

Abstract

Most studies of children with prolonged fever and neutropenia (PFN) have focused on invasive fungal disease (IFD) as the etiology of fever and not on other causes. Data are lacking regarding risk factors and adverse outcomes in pediatric cancer patients with PFN compared with those whose fevers resolve more rapidly. Retrospective medical record review was performed for all cancer patients with febrile neutropenia (FN) in the pediatric oncology unit at University of Chicago Medicine Comer Children’s Hospital f [...]

1825 11415

Open Access Research Article

Anxiety Improvement after Oncology Massage

Received: 31 October 2019;  Published: 21 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001008

Abstract

Literature suggests Oncology Massage (OM) reduces anxiety. However, research is limited in large, diverse, nonexperimentally manipulated outpatient samples of cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to 1) describe OM visit patterns, 2) describe anxiety response to OM, and 3) determine if OM resulted in significantly reduced anxiety at first visit, across all visits, and longitudinally over time controlling for demographic factors. From January 2015-June 2019, a cohesive, consecutive, retrospective sample eva [...]

2502 11922

Open Access Review

Dysphagia and Oral Health in Older People

Received: 14 November 2019;  Published: 20 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001109

Abstract

Dysphagia is a term that is used for the difficulty in moving liquid/food from mouth to the stomach. Dysphagia is very common in elders, which makes them susceptible to malnutrition, infection, institutionalization, and death. Consequently, it is categorized as a geriatric syndrome. Therefore, multidisciplinary teams need to work together to determine the correct etiology and implement an appropriate care plan. Oral care is crucial in managing dysphagia and dental hygienists and dentists serve as the key members. I [...]

2314 17732

Open Access Review

Paradigms in Integrative Medicine and the Place of Clinical Hypnosis

Received: 20 January 2020;  Published: 19 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001007

Abstract

The face of illness has changed with progress in public health, immunizations, and antibiotic medication. Today, medical clinics are more likely to see patients with chronic illnesses, stress-related conditions, and complex bio-psycho-social conditions. This is a global trend, affecting patients worldwide, as Western lifestyle and diet have produced increases in chronic lifestyle-based disorders. Integrative medicine, which attends more fully to psychosocial dimensions of illness, appears to offer promise for today [...]

2303 13254

Open Access Original Research

Exploring the Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Blood Coagulability in Caregivers of Patients with Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Received: 13 October 2019;  Published: 19 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001108

Abstract

The incidence of vascular diseases among caregivers of dementia patients is high, and one potential cause is the exacerbation of blood coagulability due to mental strain from caregiving. This study aimed to examine the effects of aerobic exercise on blood coagulability, from the perspective of improving the health of caregivers. Thirty-one healthy elderly caregivers, residing with patients suffering from Alzheimer’s-type dementia, were randomly divided into two groups. In the intervention group, moderate walk [...]

1621 10919

Open Access Short Review

Alzheimer's Disease: Parsing the Pathways Leading to the Disease Based on the Spirochete/Biofilm Hypothesis

Received: 30 December 2019;  Published: 19 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001107

Abstract

A pathway which highlighted spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi and dental treponemes) that made biofilms which led to Alzheimer’s disease has recently been promulgated. All the Alzheimer’s disease, on which this pathway was based, had been specifically confirmed both clinically and pathologically. This current work will show putative and plausible individual pathways that were studied. First and foremost, intracellular spirochetes make biofilms and concurrently make beta amyloid; this has been shown in v [...]

1637 9621

Open Access Review

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Refractory Celiac Disease: An Overview with Focus on Infectious Complications

Received: 16 December 2019;  Published: 18 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001101

Abstract

Refractory celiac disease (RCD) is a rare condition in which a known celiac patient, usually an adult, suffers from persistence or recurrence of gluten-related symptomatology, laboratory abnormalities, and inflammatory enteropathy despite following an optimal dietary therapy with gluten-free diet (GFD). Arbitrarily, a duration of at least 12 months of GFD has been recommended prior to establishing such a diagnosis. Furthermore, exclusion of the other possible causes of non-celiac villous atrophy, particularly enter [...]

1771 12172

Open Access Review

Informatics and Artificial Intelligence Approaches that Promote Use of Integrative Health Therapies in Nursing Practice: A Scoping Review

Received: 30 December 2019;  Published: 17 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001006

Abstract

Integrative health (IH) therapies are increasingly used to manage health conditions, but barriers hindering nurses from offering IH therapies persist. Informatics and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches have potential to promote nurses’ professional use of IH therapies. The purposes of this review are to (1) describe the state of the science of informatics and AI approaches promoting nurses’ use of IH therapies and (2) identify gaps in literature for future investigations. This systematic scoping review followe [...]

3361 16424

Open Access Review

Problems Associated with the Measurement of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia

Received: 04 December 2019;  Published: 17 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001106

Abstract

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) affect nearly all persons living with dementia (PLWD) at some point during the course of the disease. Given the absence of a cure or effective pharmacotherapy for dementia, it is particularly important to prevent, measure, track, and manage NPS in dementia care. Unfortunately, these efforts are hindered by inconsistent operational definitions and measurement tools for numerous neuropsychiatric symptoms. This review examines agitation, aggression, restlessness, and rejection of care a [...]

2104 12399

Open Access Review

Cortical Activity and Rhythmic Patterns in Mouse Models of Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

Received: 31 December 2019;  Published: 14 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001105

Abstract

Aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been reported to induce changes in the cerebral cortex circuits. The present review aims to study these alterations by reviewing emergent cortical activity with a focus on the rhythmic patterns. The rationale for this approach was two-fold: (i) emergent rhythmic activity integrates cellular and network properties of these underlying circuits; and (ii) alterations in rhythmic patterns reflect the functional impact of changes on the network induced by the pathophysiology of the [...]

1537 10860

Open Access Editorial

Transplantation of a Kidney with an Extra-Renal Organ

Received: 10 February 2020;  Published: 13 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001100

1488 9019

Open Access Original Research

Zero-Emission Geothermal Power Generation: Experimental Study on Carbonate Mineralization through CO2-Andesitic Pyroclastic Rock Interaction at Oku-Aizu Geothermal Plant

Received: 27 November 2019;  Published: 12 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2001002

Abstract

In order to achieve advancement in zero-emission geothermal power generation for fixing the CO2 in the geothermal fluids to the carbonate minerals after binary power generation and reinjection of the fluid into the reservoir, batch-type experiments and geochemical simulations of CO2-andesitic pyroclastic rock interaction (tuff from Oku-Aizu geothermal area) were performed at 150 °C with and without CO2 gas for 15 days. Despite the low Ca content (0.9% wt.%) in the rock, the Ca2+ concentrations in the solutions [...]

4904 16597

Open Access Original Research

Eplet-Based HLA Class II Matching for Transplantation: Design of a Repertoire of Interlocus Eplets Shared between HLA-DR, -DQ and -DP Alleles

Received: 13 December 2019;  Published: 10 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001099

Abstract

Many studies have demonstrated that HLA-DR, HLA-DQ and HLA-DP matching at the eplet level reduces allograft rejection and improves transplant outcome. Such studies have examined the eplet effect for the individual class II loci, but until now little attention has been given to so-called interlocus class II eplets shared between HLA-DR, HLA-DQ and/or HLA-DP alleles. This report summarizes current information about antibody-verified interlocus class II eplets. It describes a structural modeling method to determine po [...]

2153 14649

Open Access Review

Behaviors of Persons with Dementia: A Review and New Perspective for Future Research

Received: 30 July 2019;  Published: 07 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001104

Abstract

Through the assessment of previous and current literature on the behaviors experienced by persons with dementia, this review discusses the terminology, conceptual models, measurement techniques, and non-pharmacological interventions employed within behavioral research. Additionally, this review considers the illness experience and the need for more research using self-report methodology with persons with dementia in order to address the current gaps within the behaviour literature. With three main objectives, this [...]

2009 16968

Open Access Review

Hypnosis for Clinical Pain Management: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews

Received: 30 December 2019;  Published: 05 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001005

Abstract

There is a growing body of research evaluating the effects of hypnosis for the management of clinical pain. A summary of the recent systematic review would help understand the quality of evidence regarding the efficacy of hypnosis, and provide directions for future research. We conducted a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the efficacy of hypnosis for management of clinical pain conditions published after 2013. We searched four databases and two reviewers independently screened studies. We e [...]

3051 34927

Open Access Review

Utility of Fungal Cell Markers in Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients for Screening and Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Infections

Received: 12 November 2019;  Published: 04 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001098

Abstract

Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Early detection and timely initiation of antifungal therapy is important for improved outcome, but diagnosis remains difficult, especially when relying on conventional microbiology methods such as culture and microscopy. Data on the use of fungal biomarkers for screening and diagnosis of IFD in HSCT pediatric patients are limited, precluding the devel [...]

1687 10273

Open Access Perspective

Target Tau, not Amyloid, to Prevent and Treat Alzheimer’s Disease

Received: 27 November 2019;  Published: 04 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001103

Abstract

In this article I wish to put the case for a change of emphasis in the approach to finding a prevention/treatment for Alzheimer’s disease from a focus on beta amyloid to one on tau. In particular, I make the case for aiming to prevent the spread of abnormal tau from the medial temporal lobe to widespread areas of association cortex that are anatomically linked to this critical region. I pose an analogy with cardiovascular disease in which the initiating pathology, lipid streaks, are left untreated until they are so [...]

1692 9677

Open Access Editorial

Immunosuppression in Kidney Transplantation

Received: 19 January 2020;  Published: 03 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001097

Abstract

Immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplantation is divided into two phases as induction and maintenance therapy. Induction therapy is an intense immunosuppressive therapy administered at the time of kidney transplantation to reduce the risk of acute allograft rejection. In general, induction immunosuppressive strategies utilized by kidney transplant centers fall in one of the two categories. One approach relies upon high doses of conventional immunosuppressive agents, while the other uses antibodies directed aga [...]

1923 15932

Open Access Case Report

Dual Kidney Transplantation after Hypothermic Oxygenated Perfusion from Marginal Donor after Circulatory Death with Acute Kidney Injury: A Case Report

Received: 22 November 2019;  Published: 03 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2001096

Abstract

Donation after circulatory death (DCD) is an increasingly used resource to alleviate chronic renal graft shortages. Organs from donors with progressively increased creatinine levels due to acute kidney injury are used, but the effects of this condition on kidney transplantation are still unclear. Ex-situ machine perfusion is emerging as a potential tool to preserve and resuscitate vulnerable grafts. We report a case of DCD kidneys discarded due to severe acute kidney injury with favorable histological Karpinski sco [...]

1591 9110

Open Access Original Research

An Estimate of Possible Impacts of Superoxide Chemistry on Seawater pH: A Mapping Exercise

Received: 05 September 2019;  Published: 21 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.acr.2001004

Abstract

Superoxide, produced photochemically as well as microbially, is an important reactant present in seawater and a major source of hydrogen peroxide. Superoxide decay may occur through catalyzed or uncatalyzed dismutation forming H2O2 and O2, through oxidation to O2, or through reduction into H2O2. Under definite circumstances, the redox processes that are different from dismutation could produce or consume H+, thereby altering the pH of seawater. In order to alter the pH, these processes have to involve, together wit [...]

1325 8147

Open Access Original Research

Views of Conventional Medicine and Integrative Medicine among Informal Dementia Caregivers and Healthcare Professionals in NW England

Received: 06 September 2019;  Published: 21 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001102

Abstract

The urgent need for innovative approaches to dementia treatment that are acceptable, effective and affordable underlies this research. Growing evidence supports ‘integrative medicine’ as a potential treatment approach aligned with and including conventional medicine. However, success will depend on addressing barriers, recognising needs of diverse communities and involving people in co-creating desired interventions. The three aims of this study were to, 1) describe conventional allopathic medicine and integrative [...]

1751 13414

Open Access Review

Sleep Dysfunction in Fibromyalgia and Therapeutic Approach Options

Received: 05 November 2019;  Published: 20 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2001049

Abstract

Fibromyalgia, characterised by persistent pain, sleep disturbance, fatigue and cognitive dysfunction, is a central sensitivity syndrome that also involves abnormality in peripheral generators and in the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis. Heterogeneity of clinical expression of fibromyalgia with a multifactorial aetiology has made the development of effective therapeutic strategies challenging. Non-restorative sleep associated with poor sleep quality is a characteristic of fibromyalgia which is linked to symptom s [...]

2464 33945

Open Access Book Review

Review of: Forgotten: Narratives of Age-Related Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease in Canada. By Marlene Goldman. McGill-Queen’s Press, 2017

Received: 05 November 2019;  Published: 17 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001101

Abstract

none

1308 7739

Open Access Highlight

A Unified Model of Age-Related Disease

Received: 14 January 2020;  Published: 15 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001100

Abstract

none

1440 13903

Open Access Editorial

Another Productive Year

Received: 13 January 2020;  Published: 14 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2001102

Abstract

At the beginning of a new year it is always good to look both backwards and forwards and to highlight a few items that are relevant with respect to the long-term development of our journal. As everybody knows, the principle of open access publishing is that the authors pay fees (the article‐processing charges or APCs) to publish in the journal rather than that the readers pay subscription costs for the journal. Three years ago, OBM Genetics started as an open access journal publishing its first papers totally free [...]

1286 9306

Open Access Original Research

Therapeutic Effects: The Integration of Creative Arts Therapy in Palliative Care

Received: 17 November 2019;  Published: 14 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001004

Abstract

The University of Colorado Hospital (UCH) implemented a Creative Arts Therapy (CAT) program offering CAT to hospitalized patients as a component of comprehensive palliative care (PC) services. The objective of this pilot program evaluation study was to evaluate short-term effects of CAT on patient symptoms and patient/family perceptions regarding their experience. The sample included adult patients hospitalized in an academic medical center who were seen by the Palliative Care Consult Service (PCCS) between October [...]

2288 11312

Open Access Editorial

Gender Differences in Manual, Electro, and Laser Acupuncture

Received: 08 January 2020;  Published: 14 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001003

Abstract

Acupuncture, being a unique method, is a millennia-old tradition in the field of Chinese medicine. However, it is surprising that there are very few scientific publications on acupuncture and its gender-specific effects. This article summarizes the previous work from the perspective of both Western and Eastern medicine, involving manual acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, and modern innovative laser acupuncture. There is scientific evidence that future gender-specific considerations should be included in the assessme [...]

2103 11635

Open Access Original Research

Initial Adhesion Behavior of Osteoblast on Titanium with Sub-Micron Scale Roughness

Received: 18 September 2019;  Published: 14 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2001003

Abstract

The surface roughness of titanium could regulate various cellular functions such as survival and growth. In the context of cell adhesion to materials, cell spreading and cell shape are also closely linked to various cellular functions. Previously, we found that Ti substrate with a 100-nm scale surface roughness reduced cell survival. However, effects of surface roughness on cell shape were not investigated. Herein, we quantified the initial adhesion behavior of osteoblasts on a Ti substrate with ~100 nm scale surfa [...]

2526 14950

Open Access Case Report

Implications of Clozapine Complications in Geriatric Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Received: 14 October 2019;  Published: 10 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001099

Abstract

Second-generation antipsychotics, have known metabolic side effects; specifically, clozapine is implicated in worsening or causing hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and weight gain. Recently, there has been an increased interest in the safe use of clozapine in patients with diabetes. In March 2018, a 65-year-old female with a diagnosis of schizophrenia was admitted for inpatient hospitalization to a psychiatric hospital in Buffalo, NY for further stabilization after receiving two months of treatment at a comprehe [...]

2083 13097

Open Access Review

Psychotropics and Neuroprotection: Literature Review and Case Series Report

Received: 10 November 2019;  Published: 10 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2001048

Abstract

Agitation is a common manifestation of acute brain injury. When not addressed, agitation can lead to slower recovery rates, including delayed admission to acute rehabilitation programs. Antipsychotics are commonly used to control agitation in acute brain injury in the ICU. However, there is no current consensus on the most "efficacious and safest strategy" for use of antipsychotics in acute TBI. Haloperidol is arguably the commonly used antipsychotic for agitation in ICU setting at present. Interestingly, there are [...]

1866 14729

Open Access Short Review

Personal Observations on the Critical and Unusual Role of Palladium Environment on Reaction Pathways

Received: 10 October 2019;  Published: 08 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2001003

Abstract

This article summarizes some surprising palladoreactions occurring in a transition metal environment, discovered by our team, and the proposed corresponding mechanisms.

1484 8727

Open Access Review

Vanadium: Biological, Environmental, and Engineering Aspects

Received: 18 December 2019;  Published: 08 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2001002

Abstract

Vanadium is an element that is widely distributed in Earth’s crust as well as in sea-water and ground-water reservoirs. Therefore, it exerts a great influence on the issues related to life and environment. Vanadium is utilized by several marine organisms. For example, there are vanadate-dependent haloperoxidases in algae and several bacteria, e.g., Azotobacter, use it for nitrogen fixation and bacterial reduction involves the conversion of vanadate to oxidovanadium (IV). The similarity between vanadate and phosphat [...]

1815 16246

Open Access Research Article

Working Memory in Collegiate Athletes and Non-Athletes: A Comparison of Team-Sports Athletes, Solo-Sports Athletes, Frequent Exercisers and Infrequent Exercisers

Received: 27 October 2019;  Published: 07 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001002

Abstract

Past research suggests that exercise is associated with improved working memory (WM) abilities, and that athletes have better executive functioning and WM skills than non-athletes. However, no studies to date have separated the effects of exercise from the effects of athletic participation when examining WM. This study had three primary goals: (1) to determine whether amateur college athletes have better auditory and visual WM than their non-athlete peers who exercise frequently and whether non-athlete frequent exe [...]

2240 11335

Open Access Original Research

Using Mixed Methods to Explore Older Residents' Physical Activity and Experiences of Community Active Aging Friendliness

Received: 29 October 2018;  Published: 06 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001098

Abstract

Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality and as such, it is critical that physical activity guidelines for health consider equitable access to physical activity opportunities for all, including those aged 65 years and older. The purpose of this study was to examine the intersections of attributes of older people (e.g. income, gender, age, health, physical activity) and attributes of the places they live (e.g. rurality, public transit, sidewalks, parks, community centre) to explain [...]

1691 10128

Open Access Opinion

Electricity without Fuel

Received: 30 September 2019;  Published: 06 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2001001

Abstract

Most power plants produce electricity by converting a mechanical motion into alternating current (AC). Photovoltaic solar panels convert an electromagnetic flux of light into direct current (DC). In general, electric energy can be harvested from a flux in the environment or from a change of the environment itself. One can produce electricity from mechanical, chemical, thermal, electromagnetic (light), or another physical flux, or from a change of temperature, chemical composition, or a physical field: gravitationa [...]

2564 31593

Open Access Original Research

Relativistic Wigner Function for Quantum Walks

Received: 15 October 2019;  Published: 06 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2001002

Abstract

A relativistic Wigner function for free Discrete Time Quantum Walks (DTQWs) on the square 2D space-time lattice is defined. The transport equation obeyed by the relativistic Wigner function is derived in terms of discrete derivatives and degenerates in the continuum limit into the transport equation obeyed by the Wigner function of 2D Dirac fermions. The first corrections to the continuous equation induced by the discreteness of the lattice are also determined and the similarities with non-quantum relativistic tran [...]

2022 14170

Open Access Research Article

A Novel Approach to Fall Risk Reduction: Combining Education and Therapeutic Yoga

Received: 03 October 2019;  Published: 03 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001097

Abstract

Falls have negative consequences for older adults, but falls can be reduced through interventions that target the reduction of fall risk factors. Cognitive behavioral education programs and therapeutic yoga are two interventions that have independently been used as a means to reduce the risk of falls. The purpose of this study was to determine if adding therapeutic yoga following an education intervention improved well known fall risk factors. Potential participants were recruited through a senior center for a 12-w [...]

2114 11244

Open Access Original Research

Phase Equilibria of Flexible Polymer and Monomer Liquid Crystal Blends

Received: 05 December 2019;  Published: 03 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2001001

Abstract

In this study, we explored the phase equilibria in blends of a nematic liquid crystal monomer and a nematic liquid crystal flexible polymer within the whole composition of the phase diagram. The crystal-nematic and nematic-isotropic transition temperatures, as well as the transition enthalpies and entropies, indicated the total miscibility in this mesogenic blend system. We also extracted an empirical axial ratio of 4.52 for the polymer from the nematic-isotropic transitions of the blends. Further, from the biphasi [...]

1840 10618

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