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Open Access Research Article

Effective Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalyst for Methanol Production: Synthesis, Activation, Catalytic Performance, and Regeneration

Received: 09 September 2021;  Published: 19 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203027

Abstract

A precursor CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst for methanol synthesis has been prepared at room temperature by introducing a ternary salt solution into the excess of sodium carbonate solution following the reverse co-precipitation method< [...]

5027 39705

Open Access Review

Perovskite Solar Cells: Assessment of the Materials, Efficiency, and Stability

Received: 14 August 2022;  Published: 14 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204033

Abstract

Solar cells based on organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites are popular in the photovoltaic community due to their high efficiency, low cost, and solution processability. Understanding the fundamentals of metal halide perovskite and its interfaces is extremely important for achieving high-quality [...]

4764 36457

Open Access Review

Zeolite-Containing Catalysts in Alkylation Processes

Received: 05 May 2022;  Published: 05 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203019

Abstract

This article provides an overview of zeolite-containing catalysts used in the alkylation of benzene and toluene with olefins, isobutane with butenes and butane-butene fractions, gasoline and oil fractions with olefins, propane-propylene, and butane-butylene fractions of catalytic cracking. Zeolites [...]

4736 24276

Open Access Review

Exploration of Molybdenum Oxide Compounds-A Review

Received: 17 February 2024;  Published: 09 August 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403011

Abstract

The evolution of nanomaterials has been critical in modifying materials at the nanoscale for specialized uses. Carbon nanotubes were initially viewed as promising for electronics, but their inability to discriminate between semiconducting and metallic phases led to the creation of quasi- [...]

4635 31983

Open Access Research Article

Kinetic Modeling of the Esterification of Oleic Acid and Methanol in Conventional and Adsorptive Reaction Systems

Received: 23 August 2022;  Published: 17 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204034

Abstract

Biodiesel is derived from renewable vegetable or animal sources and is either used as a standalone fuel or blended with oil-based diesel. The kinetic mechanism of the esterification of oleic acid was investigated in a conventional batch reactor and a batch reactor coupled to a water adsorption syste [...]

4377 21034

Open Access Original Research

Development of an Efficient Bi-Functional Catalyst made of a Novel Hybrid Material for Rechargeable Zn-Air Battery

Received: 24 May 2021;  Published: 16 July 2021;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2103001

Abstract

One-pot synthesis of mesoporous hybrid material consisting of Mn-Co/CoO nanoparticles encapsulated in an N-doped graphene shell decorated with Mo2C nanoparticles (Mo2C-NC@Mn-Co/CoO) was reported. The Mn and Mo components synergistically refined the graph [...]

4350 16610

Open Access Review

Microbial Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferases: Sources, Production, and Application in Cyclodextrin Synthesis

Received: 11 June 2022;  Published: 22 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203029

Abstract

Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) is a multifunctional enzyme that hydrolyzes the α-glycosidic bond between two sugar molecules and synthesizes cyclodextrins (CDs) and other transglycosylation products. It is a ubiquitously present extracellu [...]

3787 25832

Open Access Review

Lipases: Sources of Acquisition, Ways of Production, and Recent Applications

Received: 16 February 2022;  Published: 07 May 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202013

Abstract

Enzymes are extensively used in biotechnological processes in several areas of industry. They are sustainable and safe, and their specificity is another characteristic that improves the performance in the process. Among enzymes, lipase is relevant due to the ability to play different roles in the in [...]

3355 40256

Open Access Communication

One-Pot Tandem Synthesis of Nitriles and Amides from Biomass Platform Compounds

Received: 28 December 2021;  Published: 21 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201004

Abstract

In recent years, research on converting biomass platform compounds into high-value chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates has garnered huge interest. Nitrile and amide groups are key structures in natural products and biologically active molecules. The direct conversion of biomass pl [...]

3334 16293

Open Access Research Article

Effect of Acid Treatment on the Properties of Zeolite Catalyst for Straight-Run Gasoline Upgrading

Received: 10 October 2021;  Published: 01 December 2021;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2104004

Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of different concentrations of nitric and hydrochloric acids on the structural, acidic, and catalytic properties of a post-synthetic treated ZSM-5 type zeolite at various temperatures. The properties of zeolite catalysts were deter [...]

3290 17532

Open Access Original Research

Hierarchical MFI Zeolite Catalysts: How to Determine Their Textural Properties?-A Comparative Study

Received: 26 January 2022;  Published: 14 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202009

Abstract

It is important to elucidate the role of the surface areas and pore volumes of hierarchical zeolites to understand their behavior as catalysts. Micro-and mesopore surface areas and volumes of the hierarchical MFI (Mobil Five zeolites) were assessed following several methods: (i) [...]

2821 22841

Open Access Original Research

Sustainable Synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Nanoparticles and Application in the Adsorption of the Drug Chlorhexidine

Received: 06 December 2022;  Published: 13 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301012

Abstract

In an attempt to synthesize nanomaterial concerning chemistry, the sustainable synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles by a low-cost approach through the recycling of waste mother liquors was explored and then indicated the potential to remove chlorhexidine (CHLX) from an [...]

2462 16778

Open Access Review

Recent Development of Photocatalytic Application Towards Wastewater Treatment

Received: 15 April 2023;  Published: 05 July 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2303020

Abstract

With increasing population levels and rapidly growing industries worldwide, the purification of water contaminated with different impurities is one of the biggest challenges we face in recent times. Photocatalysis holds great potential as an efficient mineralization process to remove the foreign mat [...]

2427 17655

Open Access Original Research

Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of p-Nitrophenol and Phenol Red Through Synergistic Effects of a CeO2-TiO2 Nanocomposite

Received: 24 July 2022;  Published: 03 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204039

Abstract

Organic compounds are one of the most severe pollutants occurring in the environment. Hence, it is important to remove these compounds from the environment through remediation processes such as photocatalysis. The present study investigated the photocatalytic degradation of p-ni [...]

2386 11305

Open Access Original Research

Catalytic Performance of CO:Ni Mixed Oxide Based Catalyst for Green Fuel Synthesis from Biomass Derived Citrullus Colocynthis Oil

Received: 18 September 2024;  Published: 08 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2501002

Abstract

This study aimed to synthesize nickel oxide (NiO) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) based catalysts for synthesizing biodiesel from Citrullus colocynthis oil. Cobalt-nickel mixed oxide catalysts made by co-precipitation technique with differe [...]

2362 9431

Open Access Original Research

Effect of ZSM-5 Particle Size and Framework Silica-to-Alumina Ratio on Hexane Aromatization

Received: 13 August 2022;  Published: 17 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204035

Abstract

Parent ZSM-5 and Ga-modified ZSM-5 catalysts with different Si/Al ratios and particle sizes were prepared. The physicochemical properties of the prepared catalysts were investigated by performing X-ray powder diffraction analysis, BET surface area analysis, and NH3-TPD analysi [...]

2290 15114

Open Access Review

Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Conversion of Furfural to C5 Derivatives: A Brief Review

Received: 30 June 2022;  Published: 13 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203026

Abstract

Technological development made in the field of biomass application allows synthesizing several high-value products, such as furfuraldehyde. Furfural, produced through sequential hydrolysis and dehydration reactions from biomass, is considered a platform molecule and a precursor of several other chem [...]

2280 14568

Open Access Original Research

Hydrocracking of Di-and Triaromatic Hydrocarbons to Monoaromatics over Mixed Bi-functional Catalysts

Received: 10 January 2022;  Published: 19 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203021

Abstract

In this study, we present selective hydrocracking of poly (di and tri) aromatic compounds to monoaromatics, such as benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX), over a mixture of Pt/Al2O3 and Y zeolites. The polyaromatic compounds feed is a combined simulated mo [...]

2266 12378

Open Access Research Article

Enhancement of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis by Periodical Draining of the Wax-Filled Pores of a Cobalt Catalyst by Hydrogenolysis

Received: 27 September 2022;  Published: 03 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301001

Abstract

Fischer-Tropsch reactors operated in a steady state suffer from a low pore effectiveness factor and a high methane selectivity caused by internal mass transfer limitations due to the accumulation of long-chain hydrocarbons inside the catalyst pores. Therefore, an alternating process switching betwee [...]

2216 15763

Open Access Short Review

Perovskite Oxide Thermoelectric Module - A Way Forward

Received: 27 July 2023;  Published: 11 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304024

Abstract

In the era of renewable and sustainable energy, perovskite materials remain pioneers as energy harvesting materials, be it thermoelectric waste heat harvesting or photovoltaic solar cell application. Oxide perovskite material is an emerging thermoelectric material in solving energy shortage issues t [...]

2138 11236

Open Access Original Research

Fungal Laccase-Mediated Enhancement of the Bioactivity of Green Algae Extracts

Received: 01 December 2022;  Published: 19 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301004

Abstract

Biomass derived from green marine macroalgae Ulva sp. is considered a rich source of bioactive compounds. In the present study, we demonstrate the increased bioactivity of a phenolic-rich extract derived from green marine macroalgae Ulva intestinalis after i [...]

2103 12059

Open Access Research Article

Synthesis of NaA Zeolite: Conventional Route and Green Route

Received: 24 October 2023;  Published: 28 January 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2401002

Abstract

The research describes a sustainable approach for the synthesis of zeolite NaA using kaolin as an alternative source of silica. The main objective of this research was to prepare NaA zeolite using metakaolin derived from kaolin from the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, as an alternative source [...]

2099 12902

Open Access Original Research

Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes Using Microreactors: Mechanistic Study of its Effects on H2O2 Addition

Received: 17 August 2021;  Published: 13 September 2021;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2103002

Abstract

The photocatalytic reaction involved in TiO2 photocatalysis was investigated using a microreactor coated with TiO2 film on the glass plate attached on one side of the microreactor. It was confirmed that the effect of H2 [...]

2063 12672

Open Access Original Research

Thermokinetic and Thermodynamic Parameters for Catalytic Pyrolysis of Medium Density Fiber over Ni/Beta Zeolite

Received: 31 August 2022;  Published: 02 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204038

Abstract

Catalytic pyrolysis is an attractive alternative for converting biomass into energy and chemicals to replace fossil sources. This has encouraged the search for efficient catalysts that can directly remove oxygenated products during pyrolysis, since they are the main problem in the processing and use [...]

1991 10749

Open Access Research Article

Nano Metal Oxide Frameworks (NOF): Development of New Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Furan Derivatives from Glucose

Received: 01 June 2023;  Published: 21 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304028

Abstract

A surface modification approach has prepared a nanostructured organic framework connecting two metal oxide NPs. The surface modifier attached two metal oxide NPs via molecular interaction to generate modular structures of fiber, rod, or sponge materials. Thus, obtained hybrid sy [...]

1986 8916

Open Access Original Research

The Effect of SnO2 and Rh on Pt Nanowire Catalysts for Ethanol Oxidation

Received: 24 November 2023;  Published: 11 March 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2401003

Abstract

In this study, we synthesized Pt-Rh nanowires (NWs) through chemical reduction of metallic precursors using formic acid at room temperature, excluding the use of surfactants, templates, or stabilizing agents. These NWs were supported on two substrates: carbon (Vulcan XC-72R) and carbon modified with [...]

1973 14273

Open Access Original Research

In Water High Yield and Selectivity of CH4 and H2 Production from CO2 Using UVC Light and a SiO2-surface-modified TiO2 Photocatalysts

Received: 25 August 2023;  Published: 05 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304029

Abstract

To improve CH4 and H2 formation from CO2 photoreduction using non-organic, non-laborious, and inexpensive photocatalysts, we have prepared two surface-silicate-modified TiO2 catalysts: P25-SiO2< [...]

1957 9062

Open Access Original Research

Controllable Cyclopalladated Polythiophene Imine Monolayer by Self-Assembly, Hybrid Doping and Electrochemical Polymerization: A Simple Way to Enhance Activity and Stability

Received: 13 December 2021;  Published: 03 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201003

Abstract

In this article, an approach to generate self-assembly cyclopalladated polythiophene imine monolayers (denoted as ITO@Pd-CPTIMs) is described. The monolayers were fabricated by combining self-assembly (SA), hybrid doping (HD), and electrochemical polym [...]

1955 10579

Open Access Research Article

Morpholine-Based Novel Ionic Liquid for Synthesis and Characterization of Triazolidinethiones and Their Biological Properties

Received: 03 December 2022;  Published: 12 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301011

Abstract

Keeping the green chemistry approach in mind we have synthesized a novel morpholine-based ionic liquid [NBMMorph]+Br-. The structure of Ionic liquid was confirmed by spectral techniques viz. IR, 1H NMR, and< [...]

1930 11368

Open Access Research Article

NaY Zeolite Synthesis from Vermiculite and Modification with Surfactant

Received: 24 October 2023;  Published: 26 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304031

Abstract

This work focuses on preparing NaY zeolite using alternative sources of silica and modifying the zeolite with the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Two different hydrothermal synthesis routes were employed: the conventional method using sodium silicate as the silica source, and the other is [...]

1930 10733

Open Access Original Research

Enhancing Kerosene Selectivity of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis by Periodical Pore Drainage Via Hydrogenolysis

Received: 27 June 2023;  Published: 12 September 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2303022

Abstract

Accumulation of wax inside the catalyst pores during transient cobalt-catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) leads to unfavorable product distribution and low activity by imposing internal mass transfer limitations. The condensation of paraffin severely changes the apparent product stream that ac [...]

1923 13802

Open Access Review

Recent Advances in the Application of Perovskite Catalysts in the Dry Reforming of Methane

Received: 29 January 2022;  Published: 26 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202012

Abstract

The use of the dry reforming of methane (DRM) to convert the two principal greenhouse gases, methane and carbon dioxide, to syngas (a mixture of H2 and CO) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. However, the DRM reaction suffers from the twin disadvant [...]

1918 14260

Open Access Original Research

Spectrophotometric and Spectrofluorimetric Quantification of Urea via Silver Nanoparticles Prepared by Wet Chemical Method

Received: 09 November 2022;  Published: 15 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301014

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles have been utilized in an easy, sensitive, and effective approach through spectrophotometry and spectrofluorimetry to quantify urea in water samples. Here, 1,3-di-(1H-imidazole-1-yl) -2-propanol (DIPO) was employed to stabilize Ag NPs produced from

1887 14117

Open Access Original Research

Synthesis and Characterization of MCM-41 Nanomaterials Containing Titanium and Application for Catalytic Oxidation of BTEX

Received: 17 August 2022;  Published: 30 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302017

Abstract

The TiO2/MCM-41 nanomaterials were synthesized by impregnation with an excess solvent with different percentages of titanium dioxide. They were used for catalytic degradation of Benzene Toluene Ethylbenzene and Xylenes (BTEX) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous med [...]

1834 10563

Open Access Research Article

3D Fe3O4-decorated Nitrogen-doped Graphene Aerogel as a Highly Durable Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reactions

Received: 29 April 2022;  Published: 21 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202016

Abstract

The rational design of efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the key to developing fuel cells and metal-air batteries. Carbon-supported iron-based materials, as the most promising electrocatalysts for ORR, have drawn much attention as they are cost-effective and exhibit h [...]

1834 10638

Open Access Original Research

Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis on Co/SBA-15 Catalyst: Characterization and Oligomerization Modeling

Received: 05 May 2022;  Published: 16 August 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203023

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the oligomerization mechanism of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyzed by a cobalt-based catalyst supported by SBA-15. The Co/SBA-15 catalyst contained 20% w/w of cobalt. It was prepared by the wet impregnation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N&l [...]

1832 9202

Open Access Research Article

Ethanol Oxidation on Gold Nanowire Containing Oxygen Impurities: A Study by Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Received: 10 October 2022;  Published: 14 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204043

Abstract

Linear atomic chain (LAC) gold nanowires (Au-NWs) containing oxygen impurities are materials that could be used as supports to stimulate chemical reactions. Its peculiar structural characteristics, such as abnormal Au-Au bonds, make it interesting to explore the chemical reactions of this material a [...]

1823 8749

Open Access Original Research

Pd-Ni-B/C Nanocatalysts for Electrochemical Oxidation of Ethanol in Alkaline Media

Received: 06 September 2022;  Published: 19 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301005

Abstract

This paper describes the synthesis of Pd0.70-Nix-By nanoparticles (x:y = 0.30:0, 0:0.30, 0.25:0.05, 0.20:0.10, 0.15:0.15, and 0.10:0.20) supported on carbon Vulcan XC-72 R by the chemical reduction method using ethylene glycol as a [...]

1823 10968

Open Access Review

Recent Progress in the Development of Molecular Electrocatalysts for Formate Oxidation

Received: 31 December 2021;  Published: 22 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201006

Abstract

Fuel cells based on renewable synthetic fuels are promising alternatives to fossil fuel combustion for efficient electricity production. Much focus has been placed on hydrogen as a chemical fuel, but being a flammable gas, there are challenges with its safe handling. Formic acid is an at [...]

1817 12332

Open Access Original Research

Pd-Cu Bimetallic Based Catalysts for Nitrate Remediation in Water: Synthesis, Characterization, and the Influence of Supports

Received: 29 January 2022;  Published: 21 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202011

Abstract

The use of Pd-Cu bimetallic catalysts in the reduction of aqueous nitrate ions by hydrogen was studied. The catalysts were supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), activated carbon (AC), and Titania, and the influence of the support on the nitrate reduction activity in water was then inv [...]

1778 12587

Open Access Communication

A New Chiral Cyclopalladated Ferrocenylimine Self-assembly Polymeric Film supported on Silicon for Heck and Suzuki-coupling Reactions

Received: 21 March 2022;  Published: 14 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202010

Abstract

A new chiral cyclopalladated ferrocenyl imine catalyst (called 4a2) was designed and synthesized, and its self-assembly catalytic polymeric brush supported on silicon (denoted as Si@PB4a2) was also fabricated by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and characterized. The cat [...]

1765 9223

Open Access Research Article

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Meat Waste for a Circular Economy

Received: 30 December 2022;  Published: 16 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301008

Abstract

This work demonstrates the possibility of implementing a technology that allows profitable value to be drawn from the meat waste from retail stores. Protein hydrolysate, collagen and fatty acids were recovered from meat waste through enzymatic hydrolysis using a mixture of enzymes: a protease (Alcal [...]

1750 11454

Open Access Review

Enzymes in Poly(Butylene-Succinate) Industry: An Overview on Synthesis Routes and Post-Processing Strategies

Received: 16 June 2023;  Published: 08 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304026

Abstract

This paper will present some sectors in which enzymes can replace traditional catalysts in poly(butylene-succinate) industry, emphasizing the green chemistry aspects associated with these newer strategies.

1743 13663

Open Access Original Research

Preparation of a Novel Bi2MoO6/Ag/Ag2CrO4 Catalyst with Promoted Visible Light Photodegradation of RhB Dye

Received: 29 January 2022;  Published: 07 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202008

Abstract

A series of novel Bi2MoO6/Ag/Ag2CrO4 heterostructure photocatalysts (denoted as BA-X, X = 1, 3, 5, 10) were synthesized using a coprecipitation method [...]

1742 11675

Open Access Research Article

Effect of Different Additives on the Structure and Activity of β-Galactosidase Immobilized on a Concanavalin A–Modified Silica-Coated Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposite

Received: 06 August 2022;  Published: 17 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204040

Abstract

Interpreting the relationship between the activity and structure of β-galactosidase is necessary to perceive the impact of the enzyme’s conformation on its catalysis. The current study thoroughly explains the effects of additives such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [...]

1730 9888

Open Access Research Article

Short Hydroacylation-Based Synthesis of Four Aryl-3-hydroxypropanones, Predictable Biomass-Derived C9 Platform Molecules

Received: 22 July 2022;  Published: 26 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204036

Abstract

A two-step protocol for the synthesis of aryl-3-hydroxypropanones, which were regarded as lignin degradation products, was proposed herein. This protocol provided a more rapid and easier access to aryl-3-hydroxypropanones, and aryl-3-hydroxypropanones were expected to be ideal platform molecules for [...]

1712 8723

Open Access Research Article

Synthesis of SAPO-34 Zeolite Membrane: Influence of Sources of Silica

Received: 03 October 2023;  Published: 11 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304030

Abstract

The research described the production and characterization of various materials, particularly alpha-alumina ceramic supports, zeolite SAPO-34, and zeolite membranes. Ceramic supports were manufactured through dry uniaxial compaction. Sintering of the supports was carried out at 1300°C for 2 h. SAPO- [...]

1711 11795

Open Access Original Research

Leaf Mediated Curcuma sp. Silver Nanoparticles as Catalyst - Evaluating Their Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Para-Nitrophenol Catalytic and Photocatalytic Activity

Received: 29 April 2024;  Published: 22 July 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403010

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a fast-rising market in catalytic research; however, the production of eco-friendly nanoparticles remains a significant challenge. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the agro-industrial waste of leaves of C. longa, C. aromatica, C. caesia, C [...]

1702 19865

Open Access Original Research

Versatility of Supported Gold Nanoparticles on Hydrotalcites used for Oxidation and Reduction Reactions

Received: 25 October 2021;  Published: 13 January 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201001

Abstract

Regardless of their size, supported gold nanoparticles are largely used for liquid-phase oxidation reactions. Small gold nanoparticles exhibit good performance during the reduction of organic compounds. The direct reduction of carboxylic acid to aldehyde is a famous and familiar reaction in the fiel [...]

1643 11014

Open Access Original Research

Adsorption of Rhodamine-B (RhB) and Regeneration of MCM-41 Mesoporous Silica

Received: 01 November 2022;  Published: 01 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301010

Abstract

Rhodamine (RhB) adsorption was carried out on MCM-41 and MCM-41 calcined. The effect of parameters such as pH was investigated. The reusability potential of MCM-41 was also established and the mechanism of RhB adsorption was discussed. MCM-41 was synthesized and calcined, with all samples characteri [...]

1636 11801

Open Access Research Article

Impact of Pt-Ni Nanoparticle Architecture on Electrocatalytic Oxidation Reaction in Fuel Cells

Received: 04 September 2023;  Published: 16 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304027

Abstract

This paper investigates how the aggregation of bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) influences the electronic condition of the surface adsorption site and, hence, the performance of materials during the electrooxidation of fuels in an alkaline medium. First, we synthesized Pt-Ni NPs in three configuration [...]

1634 8455

Open Access Original Research

Effect of Microwave Radiation on the Development of a Porous Aluminum Carrier of the Active Mass of Catalysts in Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions

Received: 24 June 2022;  Published: 26 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203030

Abstract

In this study, we prepared a fine-grained, aluminum-reinforced alumina support matrix of the active mass of catalysts, which showed activity in heterogeneous catalytic reactions stimulated by electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range. The support absorbed microwave radiation of 2.45 GHz. We c [...]

1633 7390

Open Access Original Research

Cost-Effective Biodiesel Synthesis from Waste Marble Powder as A Green Heterogeneous Catalyst Using Pongamia Pinnata Oil

Received: 08 December 2022;  Published: 13 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301013

Abstract

Waste marble powder (WMP) is Investigated for developing heterogeneous catalysts by calcination method and used in biodiesel synthesis by esterification-transesterification process from Pongamia Pinnata oil. Hammet indicators, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray [...]

1627 10201

Open Access Research Article

The Use of Composite TiO2/Activated Carbon Fibers as a Photocatalyst in a Sequential Adsorption/Photocatalysis Process for the Elimination of Ciprofloxacin

Received: 20 January 2022;  Published: 15 March 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201007

Abstract

This work reports the performance of a sequential adsorption/photocatalysis process using activated carbon fibers with deposited TiO2 for the elimination of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP) in water. A commercial activated carbon fiber (ACF10) was selected as the support, an [...]

1614 11244

Open Access Original Research

Determining the Band Alignment at the BiVO4|NiOOH Interface Using the Hybrid DFT Technique

Received: 29 November 2021;  Published: 21 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201005

Abstract

It is important to understand the band offsets between semiconductors, which are crucial to determine the direction of electron transfer at the interfaces. Two methods are normally used to determine the direction from the first principles: alternating slabs put in contact (without empty [...]

1606 9874

Open Access Research Article

Kinetic Model for the Hydrolysis of Olive Oil by Lipase in Absence of Emulsifier

Received: 27 March 2024;  Published: 18 July 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403009

Abstract

Lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of olive oil has been studied in the absence of emulsifier. A simple mathematical model to predict the hydrolysis rate is derived from a proposed kinetic mechanism of the reaction. The hydrolytic reaction obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a simultaneous second-order en [...]

1606 9726

Open Access Editorial

Nb2O5: Percentage Effect of T/H Phase and Evaluation of Catalytic Activity, a Preliminary Study

Received: 18 September 2023;  Published: 22 September 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2303023

Abstract

Due to its similar characteristics to titanium, niobium has become an attractive alternative in photocatalytic processes. Research indicates that titania has an optimal percentage of phases resulting in a commercial catalyst, P25, that contains more than 70% anatase with a minor amount of rutile and [...]

1603 8151

Open Access Original Research

Acetonitrile Combustion over Copper-Based Nanocatalysts: A Structure-Performance Relationship Study

Received: 01 December 2021;  Published: 26 January 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201002

Abstract

In this paper, the relationship between activity and structure of Cu2+ in different chemical environments of Cu-BETA, La2CuO4, and CuO nanocatalysts was systematically investigated for acetonitrile combustion. The study [...]

1594 9810

Open Access Original Research

Dearomatization of the Kerosene Fraction: Kinetic Studies

Received: 09 January 2022;  Published: 28 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202017

Abstract

The kinetics of dearomatization of a kerosene fraction processed using a zeolite catalyst (0.9 HZSM-5) at different temperatures (160-200°C), the molar ratio between the aromatic hydrocarbons present in the kerosene fraction and n-decene (1:(0.5-4)), and the reaction time (1-3 h [...]

1590 9140

Open Access Original Research

Visible-Light-Induced Formation of Aromatic Ketones: A Metal-Free C−H Oxygenation Process in Air under Room Temperature

Received: 01 April 2022;  Published: 10 May 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202014

Abstract

The process of light-induced C-H oxygenation is of high interest as it can be used for the construction of oxygenated compounds. Herein, we report a mild and general method for the efficient synthesis of aromatic ketones following the process of metal-free C-H oxygenation. With air as the oxidant, h [...]

1587 10755

Open Access Original Research

Heterologous Expression, Characterization, and Comparison of Laccases from the White Rot Causing Basidiomycete Cerrena Unicolor

Received: 26 July 2022;  Published: 20 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203028

Abstract

Lignin is the most abundant renewable source of aromatics on earth, and conversion of it to chemicals and fuels is needed to build an economically viable renewable biofuels industry. Biological routes to converting lignin to fuels and chemicals involve depolymerizing lignin using lignin-degrading en [...]

1586 9205

Open Access Research Article

Iron Doped Titania/Polyaniline Composite: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Acidic Medium

Received: 15 September 2022;  Published: 04 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301002

Abstract

The development of noble metal-free catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is the primary challenge in fuel production to replace fossil fuels. Here, we have synthesized Fe-doped TiO2/PANI nanocomposite via facile in situ polymerization method and studied its electroca [...]

1576 9267

Open Access Original Research

Biochemical Characteristics and Healing Activity of Bromelia laciniosa Leaf Protease

Received: 27 May 2022;  Published: 25 August 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203024

Abstract

Macambira plant (Bromelia laciniosa Mart. Ex Shult. & Schult. f.) is a species belonging to the family Bromeliaceae, which is distributed widely in the hinterlands of northeastern Brazil, from Bahia to Piauí st [...]

1576 12416

Open Access Original Research

Zn(OCOCH3)2·2H2O Catalysed Efficient Preparation of 2-Phenyl-4-Arylmethylidene-5-Oxazolinones under Ultrasonic Condition

Received: 30 September 2022;  Published: 15 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301007

Abstract

2-Phenyl-4-arylmethylidene-5-oxazolinones were synthesized in very high yield by subjecting a mixture of an aryl aldehyde/heterocyclic aldehyde/cinnamaldehyde and hippuric acid in anhydrous acetic anhydride and catalytic Zn(OCOCH3)2&mid [...]

1574 8419

Open Access Original Research

Homogeneous {Ti2Ni} Heterotrinuclear Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization

Received: 18 May 2022;  Published: 06 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203020

Abstract

We synthesized and spectroscopically characterized a new heterotrimetallic {Ti2Ni} ethylene (co)polymerization precatalyst containing one (α-diimine)NiBr2 and two (phenoxy-imine)TiCl4 scaffolds. Its calculated structure w [...]

1555 11012

Open Access Editorial

MOF-based Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Frontier in Sustainable Chemical Transformations

Received: 02 December 2024;  Published: 05 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2404014

1552 8576

Open Access Original Research

Degradation of Amido Black Dye Using Ultra-Violet Light Catalyzed by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Kinetics and Mechanism of Degradation

Received: 26 June 2022;  Published: 25 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203022

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the degradation of amido black dye in an aqueous solution using ultra-violet (UV) light catalyzed by iron oxide nanoparticles (nano-Fe). The nano-Fe was synthesized by sodium borohydride reduction of ferric chloride solution and was characterized by scanning electron m [...]

1551 8975

Open Access Review

llmenite and Biomass Composite Nanomaterials - A Review

Received: 10 April 2024;  Published: 13 June 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2402006

Abstract

Ilmenite is a mineral whose crystallinity can be altered by chemical treatment, producing TiO2 and iron and titanium-based metal nanocomposites, which are applicable mainly for photocatalysis. Porous and crystalline biomass-derived carbon materials include graphene oxide, redu [...]

1530 9020

Open Access Original Research

3D Printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) Well Plates for Enzyme Inhibition Studies: The Case of Pancreatic Lipase

Received: 31 July 2022;  Published: 08 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204032

Abstract

3D printed PLA has already been demonstrated for several biotechnological applications, including enzymes immobilization. The prerequisites for an efficient screening assay include using small volumes of reagents, low cost, and rapid screening of large numbers of compounds and extracts. Hence, assay [...]

1527 9215

Open Access Communication

Biocatalyzed Hydrolysis of Residual Oils and Proteins from Flax and Camelina Oilseed Press Cakes Using Lipase and Protease

Received: 14 September 2022;  Published: 17 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204041

Abstract

In this study, a PoC (Proof of Concept) of a possible biomass valorization of flax and camelina oilseed press cakes was presented. Biocatalyzed hydrolysis of residual oils and proteins extracted from these wastes was studied. The biotransformation of oils was performed using commercial immobilized l [...]

1456 7705

Open Access Research Article

Co2+ Doping and Molecular Adsorption Behavior of Anatase TiO2 (001) Crystal Plane

Received: 10 May 2022;  Published: 04 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203018

Abstract

TiO2 (001) crystal plane exhibits molecular adsorption and photocatalytic activity. The loading capacity of reactive oxygen species present on crystal planes helps in the significant improvement of catalytic activity. The methods of synthesis and conditions of existence signif [...]

1443 9438

Open Access Original Research

Stability of a Fe-Rich Cathode Catalyst in an Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Received: 09 June 2021;  Published: 16 September 2021;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2103003

Abstract

Fe-rich alloys have been widely studied as catalyst materials for the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in hydrogen fuel cells, and many have shown high activities. The stability of Fe-rich catalysts has also been researched, and some studies have shown promising results using an [...]

1438 10884

Open Access Review

Lignocellulosic Biomass and Enzymes: Fundamentals, Emerging Technologies, and Applications

Received: 25 January 2025;  Published: 19 June 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2502004

Abstract

Lignocelluloses are complex plant polysaccharides made of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, and products made from these components find immense market potential. They can be effectively valorized to products related to bioenergy, bioplastics, food and nutrition, medication delivery systems, and [...]

1435 10977

Open Access Editorial

Advances in Photocatalytic Methods for Organic Pollutant Removal

Received: 01 July 2025;  Published: 03 August 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2503007

1424 4613

Open Access Original Research

A Remarkable Pt Doped CNT Catalyst as a Double Functional Material: Its Application for Hydrogen Production and Supercapacitor

Received: 25 December 2023;  Published: 15 May 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2402005

Abstract

In this study, by producing bifunctional material, hydrolysis, and supercapacitor applications were investigated. The carbon nanotube-supported Pt catalyst was prepared using the sodium borohydride (NaBH4) reduction. Surface characterization of the synthesized Pt/CNT catalyst [...]

1421 7468

Open Access Original Research

Tungstophosphate Intercalated ZnAl Layered Double Hydroxide for Adsorptive and Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic Decolourisation of Organic Dyes

Received: 21 December 2022;  Published: 13 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2304025

Abstract

Tungstophosphate (PW12O403-) intercalated ZnAl-Layered double hydroxide (ZnAl-PW12) was successfully synthesized through the rehydration of calcined LDH. Chemical analyses and characterizations by powder XRD, [...]

1401 8664

Open Access Editorial

Solid Catalysts – New Perspectives and Applications

Received: 31 March 2024;  Published: 09 April 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2402004

1392 7354

Open Access Original Research

Synthesis of a Solid Base Catalyst Formed from Zinc(II) Acetylacetonate and Consisting of MgO Modified with ZnO

Received: 28 April 2022;  Published: 06 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202015

Abstract

Solid base catalysts consisting of MgO modified with 10 mol% ZnO (ZnO/MgO) were prepared by depositing zinc(II) acetylacetonate (Zn(acac)2) in polar and nonpolar organic solvents on the surface of MgO and Mg(OH)2. The process was followed by thermal deco [...]

1389 9783

Open Access Research Article

Influence of Bifunctional PtZn/SiO2 and H-ZSM-5 Catalyst on the Rates and Selectivity of Propene Aromatization

Received: 28 March 2023;  Published: 06 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302018

Abstract

Previous studies on the conversion of olefins to aromatics with bifunctional Ga- or Zn-ZSM-5 catalysts have concluded that benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) yields are significantly higher than for ZSM-5 alone. These results were attributed to the higher aromatic dehydrogenation rate of Ga or Zn. [...]

1367 9902

Open Access Editorial

Opportunities and Challenges of Molecular Catalysts

Received: 28 November 2024;  Published: 02 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2404013

1350 4792

Open Access Editorial

Advanced Catalysis for Green Fuel Production from Biomass and Wastes

Received: 19 August 2024;  Published: 22 August 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403012

1347 5670

Open Access Editorial

Catalysis for Biomass Conversion: Pioneering Emission Control and Sustainable Energy Futures

Received: 08 July 2025;  Published: 10 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2503006

1320 5047

Open Access Original Research

The Effect of Oxygen-containing Additives in Feedstock on the Performance of the Catalytic Cracking Process

Received: 28 July 2022;  Published: 26 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204037

Abstract

In this study, we found that adding catalytic cracking feedstock, vacuum gas oil, and naphthenic acids in the amount of 0.005–0.0075% vol. increased the liquid target fractions, i.e., gasoline and light gas oil. The decrease in the yield of hydrocarbon gas at a practically constant degree of convers [...]

1294 7503

Open Access Original Research

Organic Structure-Directing Agent Free Synthesis of Mordenite with Seeds, Used as A Support for Mo Catalysts in the Transesterification of Soybean Oil

Received: 20 December 2022;  Published: 07 April 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302015

Abstract

This work prepared mordenite using seeds and without organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs). The Mo/Mordenite was prepared through wet impregnation and the catalysts’ performance was checked for transesterification of soybean oil with methanol. The mordenite zeolite was prepared through hydrothe [...]

1284 9459

Open Access Original Research

Methanol Synthesis Catalyst Waste as the Principal Component of New Sustainable Cementless Concrete

Received: 08 December 2022;  Published: 27 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301009

Abstract

Methanol synthesis catalyst (MSC) waste was applied as the principal component (till 70 wt.%) of sustainable ceramics in composites with bauxite processing waste (RM), and waste foundry sand (FS). The results of the initial components' chemical interaction studies by a complex of methods (XRD, SEM/E [...]

1257 9006

Open Access Original Research

Determination of Reflectance Spectra and Colorimetry of Titanium and Tungsten Oxides Obtained by Microwave-assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis

Received: 04 February 2024;  Published: 01 July 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403007

Abstract

Sustainability has driven the use of heterogeneous photocatalysis as one of the primary methods for environmental decontamination, reduction, degradation, remediation, or transformation of polluting chemical residues and purification treatment of effluents and wastewater. TiO2 [...]

1227 6164

Open Access Original Research

Removal of As(III) from Water by Cellulase Templated TiO2: A Photocatalytic Oxidation Conjugated Adsorption Process

Received: 16 July 2022;  Published: 09 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203025

Abstract

TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared using cellulase as a biotemplate through a hydrothermal process. The as-prepared catalyst was characterized based on physicochemical techniques and was used to remove As(III) from contaminated water. The cellulase templated TiO2

1222 7157

Open Access Original Research

Research and Application of Modified ZSM-5 for the Process of Alkylation of Oil Distillate Fractions

Received: 20 April 2023;  Published: 10 August 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2303021

Abstract

In the oil distillate fraction alkylation process, a modified Zr zeolite ZSM-5 was obtained and studied. The modification was executed using a method that impregnated ZSM-5 with a 5% solution of ZrOCl2∙6H2O.

1192 7802

Open Access Original Research

Catalytic Co-gasification of Lignites Blended with a Forest Residue under the Carbon Dioxide Stream

Received: 24 May 2022;  Published: 29 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203031

Abstract

The present study investigated the co-gasification of two different lignites blended with the forest residue collected from the land restoration activity sites of open-pit mines located in the region of the Ptolemais basin in North Greece performed under the carbon dioxide stream. All samples were d [...]

1191 6403

Open Access Research Article

Production and Characterization of Carboxymethylcellulase by Submerged Fermentation of Moniliophthora perniciosa

Received: 24 December 2022;  Published: 12 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302019

Abstract

Microorganisms that are capable of degrading lignocellulolytic materials can produce extracellular cellulase complexes. Microorganisms are an excellent alternative for the production of cellulolytic complex, since these sources have a high power of multiplication. In this work, we researched the pro [...]

1177 7581

Open Access Original Research

Soil Treatment from Hazardous Particles Using Designed Nanosensors: A Physical and Chemical Analysis

Received: 11 November 2024;  Published: 06 March 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2501003

Abstract

Being critical to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, strengthening understanding of the properties and processes of soil at national and regional scales is imperative. The target of this research is removing transition metals of Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn, W, Cd from soil due [...]

1174 5217

Open Access Research Article

The Effects of Ge Substrate Surface States and Au Catalyst Layer Thickness on the Growth of Different GexOy Nanomaterials and Nanocrystals Configurations Using Vapor-Liquid-Solid Method with two Steps Temperature Mode

Received: 01 September 2022;  Published: 31 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2301006

Abstract

Recently the GexOy nanomaterials have been studying intensively due to their interesting electronic materials, which have many particular properties and applications in nanotechnology and nano-devices fabrication. Much work has been done on many differen [...]

1165 9370

Open Access Original Research

Effective Photogeneration of Singlet Oxygen and High Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of Porous Mn-Doped ZnO-ZrO2 Nanocomposites

Received: 06 April 2024;  Published: 03 July 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2403008

Abstract

Disperse porous Mn-doped ZnO-ZrO2 nanocomposites were prepared using the facile polymer-salt method. The effect of Mn content on the crystal structure, composite morphologies, their ability to photogenate the singlet oxygen, luminescence properties, and bactericidal activities [...]

1133 7225

Open Access Original Research

Fabrication and Catalytic Property of an Ordered Terpyridine Pd(II)/Ni(II) Catalytic Monolayer for Suzuki Coupling Reactions

Received: 21 September 2022;  Published: 02 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204042

Abstract

Fabrication, arrangement, and controllable composition of ordered organometallic films are critical for designing a highly active catalyst and investigating the catalytic mechanism. In this paper, an organometallic terpyridine Pd(II)/Ni(II) monolayer linked on the silicon substrate surface (denoted [...]

1107 7808

Open Access Research Article

Obtaining TiO2 Nanostructures by Electrospinning and Analysis of Absorbance in the UVA Spectrum for Photocatalytic Application

Received: 14 December 2022;  Published: 17 April 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302016

Abstract

The synthesis of fibers by electrospinning allows for obtaining nanostructures of one-dimensional materials with good flexibility, optical and catalytic properties, high surface area and porosity. They can be used in applications such as: catalysts, solar cells, fuel cells, membranes, and hydrogen b [...]

1071 12808

Open Access Editorial

The Next Frontier in Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

Received: 24 October 2025;  Published: 03 November 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2504008

1044 3141

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Catalysis Research in 2024

Received: 02 January 2025;  Published: 02 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2501001

Abstract

The editors of Catalysis Research would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2024. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize revi [...]

987 3824

Open Access Editorial

Catalysis, Meet the Machine: From Models to Meaning

Received: 25 June 2025;  Published: 27 June 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2502005

948 4461

Open Access Original Research

Fabrication of CuO-Decorated Fe2O3 Nanoparticles as Efficient and Durable Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Received: 09 August 2025;  Published: 07 November 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2504009

Abstract

The electrochemical water oxidation application of CuO@Fe2O3 materials as potential catalysts is being reported for the first time. A series of CuO@Fe2O3 with different molar ratios of CuO (5, 7, 10, 12, and [...]

923 2887

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Catalysis Research in 2023

Received: 03 January 2024;  Published: 04 January 2024;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2401001

Abstract

The editors of Catalysis Research would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2023. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal’s editorial process. We aim to reco [...]

866 5168

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