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Open Access Original Research

Dental Services Utilization by over 65 Years Old in Israel in 2020

Received: 01 May 2022;  Published: 17 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204212

Abstract

To understand dental service utilization in the over-65 age group and to identify the main patterns and barriers to uptake of dental care after the 2019 expansion under the National Health Insurance Law to include dental benefits for the over-75 age group. Phone interviews with a random sample of 512 people over the age of 65 were conducted between February and April 2020. About half had visited a dentist during the previous year (an average of 2.9 visits) while 17% reported they had never visited one. Dental servi [...]

1541 9686

Open Access Communication

Biocatalyzed Hydrolysis of Residual Oils and Proteins from Flax and Camelina Oilseed Press Cakes Using Lipase and Protease

Received: 14 September 2022;  Published: 17 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204041

Abstract

In this study, a PoC (Proof of Concept) of a possible biomass valorization of flax and camelina oilseed press cakes was presented. Biocatalyzed hydrolysis of residual oils and proteins extracted from these wastes was studied. The biotransformation of oils was performed using commercial immobilized lipases, including Amano PS, Amano AK, and Candida Antarctica Lipase B (CALB). Acylglycerols were partially or fully hydrolyzed using Amano PS and AK. Triglycerides were not hydrolyzed by CALB, which behaved differently. [...]

1712 8194

Open Access Research Article

Effect of Different Additives on the Structure and Activity of β-Galactosidase Immobilized on a Concanavalin A–Modified Silica-Coated Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposite

Received: 06 August 2022;  Published: 17 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204040

Abstract

Interpreting the relationship between the activity and structure of β-galactosidase is necessary to perceive the impact of the enzyme’s conformation on its catalysis. The current study thoroughly explains the effects of additives such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), dithiothreitol (DTT), and urea on β-galactosidase activity and structure. β-Galactosidase activity was determined at various ionic strengths and temperatures as a function of time. Structural [...]

1861 10459

Open Access Original Research

The Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) on Local Tourism and Recreation -- Evolving Lessons from Practice

Received: 06 July 2022;  Published: 16 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2204037

Abstract

The article examines the nature of impacts of the rapidly growing Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) industry on tourism and recreation in coastal communities, especially in the UK. The multi-methods research approach includes reviews of literature, content of OWF Environmental Statements (ESs) for predicted impacts, recent practice for actual impacts, and the use of mitigation and enhancement measures. Findings from literature indicate that the overall impact on tourism appears relatively benign, and sometimes positive. The [...]

1980 18493

Open Access Commentary

Emerging Nutrition Approaches to Support the Mind and Muscle for Healthy Aging

Received: 24 August 2022;  Published: 16 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpn.2204022

Abstract

This narrative review highlights recent advances and ongoing trials using nutrition approaches for healthy aging. Focus will be placed on nutrition therapies that target cognition (“the mind”) and mobility (“the muscle”), both critical components to maintaining a high quality of life for older adults. For “the mind,” two seemingly incongruent therapies are being investigated to improve cognition–the MIND diet (high in carbohydrates and anti-oxidant fruits and vegetables) and the ketogenic diet (low in carbohydrates [...]

2167 12867

Open Access Original Research

Vulnerability and Resilience: An Attempt to Theorize

Received: 15 June 2022;  Published: 16 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204045

Abstract

In the context of resource depletion and global warming, the energy transition has become a necessity. To provide a basis for analysis and to support countries in this transition, it is necessary to better understand this transition. The creation of a good measurement tool could help. This paper proposes a measure of national resilience through an analogy to kinetic energy. Preliminary results show that some countries have strong potential for resilience in the energy transition. Inequalities exist and still exist [...]

1342 7105

Open Access Opinion

"Let's Live Life - Let's Give Life": Donor Program Improvement as the Key to Transplantation Success in 21st Century - A Croatian Experience

Received: 30 August 2022;  Published: 15 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2204169

Abstract

Transplantation is a widely accepted and successful life-saving treatment for hundreds of thousands of patients. However, transplant medicine still faces a number of obstacles. One of the most significant is the large disparity between the number of donors and recipients and the growing need for re-transplantation. In the last two decades, the improvement and organization of the national transplantation program in Croatia have resulted in a steadily increasing donor rate and therefore the transplantation numbers. A [...]

1124 8473

Open Access Review

Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Trauma in Schools (CBITS), and Other Promising Practices in the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents: Evidence Evaluation

Received: 11 April 2022;  Published: 15 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204146

Abstract

PTSD is a serious mental health condition with a lifetime prevalence of 1% to 14% in the general population. Several studies have evaluated evidence-based treatment approaches for children and adolescents. Interventions focusing on trauma are considered first-line treatments. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and a similar type of group intervention, the Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Trauma in Schools (CBITS), have received the most empirical support from randomized controlled trials. More [...]

5115 64586

Open Access Research Article

Evaluation of a Virtual Compassionate Living Group for Patients with Chronic Pain

Received: 26 May 2022;  Published: 14 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2204050

Abstract

Chronic pain affects around 28 million people in the UK. Those living with chronic pain can frequently experience internalised self-stigma and negative self-evaluations as a result of the pain itself and due to difficult life experiences. Previous research has found Compassion Focused Therapy to be effective for people living with long term health conditions like chronic pain. The current study sought to evaluate a routine Virtual Compassionate Living Group for patients with chronic pain on the measures of self-com [...]

1490 8266

Open Access Original Research

Happy and Satisfied in Very Late Life? Findings from the Health and Retirement Study

Received: 01 July 2022;  Published: 14 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204211

Abstract

This research aims to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of positive subjective well-being among centenarians and near-centenarians in the Health and Retirement Study. Participants who eventually survived to age 98 or older (N = 516) were included. Study variables included demographic characteristics, health and activities of daily living (ADL) functioning, cognitive functioning, and positive well-being. Additionally, a smaller subsample (n = 192) of participants with supplemental leave-behind qu [...]

1436 11212

Open Access Research Article

“One of the Most Precious Experiences I Have Had as a Teacher!” Embodied Mindfulness and Compassion Nurture Addiction-Preventive and Pro-Democratic Life Skills and Relationships Between Teachers and Students - A Phenomenological Exploration

Received: 05 September 2022;  Published: 14 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2204049

Abstract

In this study, we present the results of a 48-hour mindfulness-based and compassion-based training for teachers (N = 59). This study included 3,250 students in two years. We strengthened the resources of teachers and students for health, especially for preventing addiction. The didactic approach was based on the concepts of embodiment and resonance. We first trained teachers and then encouraged them to teach students in the classroom. Qualitative data were collected on the presence of teachers, relationship buildin [...]

1292 7232

Open Access Original Research

A Data-Based Reliability Analysis of ESP Failures in Oil Production Wells

Received: 27 September 2022;  Published: 14 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2204036

Abstract

Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs) are one of the most widely used artificial lift methods in the petroleum industry. However, ESP failures are unanticipated and common occurrences with significant financial impacts for the operators. Analysis of the ESP performance and failures are essential in its design and optimization. This paper presents a statistical approach for diagnosing and evaluating the root causes of ESP failures. The analysis is based on the field data gathered from the surface and downhole ESP moni [...]

7111 45344

Open Access Review

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation in Migraine – How Does It Work and What Can We Learn from It?

Received: 08 August 2022;  Published: 14 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204145

Abstract

Although being one of the most common neurological disorders, migraine is commonly misunderstood and misdiagnosed. Current treatments rely on pharmacological approaches, which have been shown not to be effective for all, and so alternative, non-invasive treatments are being sought. Transcranial stimulation could be a possible treatment for migraine. Transcranial electrical stimulation generally involves applying a current to the cortex via the scalp. Whilst this has previously been mostly done in clinical settings, [...]

1273 9290

Open Access Review

Neuroprotective Potentials of Honey for Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Received: 31 July 2022;  Published: 14 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204144

Abstract

The nectar produced by bees in nature is known as honey and has been consumed for its nutritional and medicinal properties. There is growing evidence that honey and its compounds have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-microbial properties that are relevant to the maintenance of health and the prevention of illnesses, including cardiocerebrovascular disease. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is one of the major risk factors for diseases such as stroke, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. [...]

3301 29779

Open Access Original Research

Application of the Extrapolation Method in Battery Diagnostics for Electric Vehicles

Received: 17 August 2022;  Published: 14 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2204023

Abstract

In a lithium-ion battery, the crossing of its charging–discharging curves represents an unambiguous current capacity. The reproduction of a complete charging–discharging cycle defines the maximum possible charge for a current battery state. When obtaining of the curves experimentally, one should consider the duration of polarization or depolarization. It is reported that the battery capacity depends considerably on the value of the battery’s internal resistance as this value defines the location of the actual charg [...]

1177 7062

Open Access Original Research

Comparing Environmental Impacts Arising from the Use of Electric Two-Wheeler vis-a-vis Gasoline Two-Wheeler in India

Received: 26 July 2022;  Published: 09 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2204035

Abstract

Electric vehicles are becoming popular among consumers while BS-VI norms have been introduced and mandated for conventional vehicles in India. In the present study, the environmental impacts from the use phase of electric two-wheeler (EV) and gasoline two-wheeler (GV) have been evaluated and compared using the life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective. The functional unit adopted was 1000 km driven by one vehicle under Indian road and traffic conditions. CML 2001 and ReCiPe 2016 methods were used for the assessment u [...]

2376 13002

Open Access Review

Abiotic Stress: Interplay Between ROS Production and Antioxidant Machinery, Signaling, and ROS Homeostasis

Received: 29 August 2022;  Published: 09 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2204171

Abstract

Climate change poses a substantial threat to global crop yield. Moreover, crop production is likely to reduce in the near future because of increasing average temperatures, widespread extreme climate events, and the loss of agricultural land. Abiotic stresses are the major factors limiting the growth and development of various crops worldwide. They cause the buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to cellular damage in a variety of subcellular compartments in plants. The metabolic rate of ROS is criti [...]

1802 12018

Open Access Review

Novel Insights into Epigenetic Control of Autophagy in Cancer

Received: 28 June 2022;  Published: 08 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2204170

Abstract

The autophagy mechanism recycles the damaged and long-standing macromolecular substrates and thus maintains cellular homeostatic and proteostatic conditions. Autophagy can be an unavoidable target in cancer therapy because its deregulation leads to cancer formation and progression. Cancer can be controlled by regulating autophagy at different genetic, epigenetic, and post-translational levels. Epigenetics refers to the heritable phenotypic changes that affect gene activity without changing the sequence. Modern biol [...]

1601 12417

Open Access Original Research

Exploring Spousal Relationships Post-Stroke and the Association Between Relationship Congruence and Dysphagia-Related Caregiver Burden

Received: 11 August 2022;  Published: 07 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204210

Abstract

Stroke survivors often receive spousal support for post-stroke impairments. The quality of spousal caregiving and couples’ wellbeing can suffer from post-stroke relationship changes and caregiver burden. Because swallowing impairment (dysphagia) is common post-stroke and spouses providing dysphagia care may experience burden, it is also important to explore whether relationship changes post-stroke are associated with dysphagia outcomes. The purpose of this study was to describe stroke survivor-spouse relationships [...]

1520 7737

Open Access Original Research

Comparison of Sputum and Oropharyngeal Microbiome Compositions in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Received: 01 August 2022;  Published: 07 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2204169

Abstract

Recent findings indicate that the microbiota is involved in the development of lung cancer by inducing inflammatory responses and generating genome damage. This study aimed to compare sputum microbiomes from the mouth and oropharynx in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients. A second goal was to search for bacterial taxonomic units that behave differently in the microbiome of NSCLC patients and healthy subjects. In the study, the taxonomic composition of the sputum and oropharyngeal microbiomes of 23 male p [...]

1344 7428

Open Access Case Report

Live-Born Double Aneuploidy at the Johns Hopkins Cytogenomics Laboratory: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Received: 30 June 2022;  Published: 07 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2204168

Abstract

Double aneuploidy is the co-occurrence of aneuploidy of two different chromosomes within the same individual. Genomic imbalance associated with two aneuploidies in humans is associated with early lethality, and observation in live-born humans is rare. In isolation, trisomy of chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y may be better tolerated, whereas monosomy of X is the only such type of aberration that may be compatible with life. It is hypothesized that two successive malsegregation events must occur in early development [...]

1736 14808

Open Access Original Research

Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of p-Nitrophenol and Phenol Red Through Synergistic Effects of a CeO2-TiO2 Nanocomposite

Received: 24 July 2022;  Published: 03 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204039

Abstract

Organic compounds are one of the most severe pollutants occurring in the environment. Hence, it is important to remove these compounds from the environment through remediation processes such as photocatalysis. The present study investigated the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol (NP) and phenol red (PR) using a cerium oxide-titanium oxide nanocomposite (CeO2-TiO2nc) under UV light. CeO2-TiO2nc was synthesized using the co-precipitation method. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the phase purity [...]

2581 11951

Open Access Project Report

A Service Based Evaluation of Compassion Focused Group Therapy Within a Community Mental Health Team Setting

Received: 29 July 2022;  Published: 03 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2204048

Abstract

The current paper explores the impact of Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) when delivered in a group setting to people with a range of diagnoses presenting to a Community Mental Health Team. In total five groups of 14 to 18 sessions were run with an average of five participants completing each group. A range of self-report measures examining global psychological distress, self-criticism, depression, anxiety and stress, emotion regulation, social comparison, shame and compassionate attributes and skills were administ [...]

1559 9169

Open Access Original Research

Thermokinetic and Thermodynamic Parameters for Catalytic Pyrolysis of Medium Density Fiber over Ni/Beta Zeolite

Received: 31 August 2022;  Published: 02 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204038

Abstract

Catalytic pyrolysis is an attractive alternative for converting biomass into energy and chemicals to replace fossil sources. This has encouraged the search for efficient catalysts that can directly remove oxygenated products during pyrolysis, since they are the main problem in the processing and use of the products obtained. The catalytic and non-catalytic pyrolysis of medium density fiber (MDF) over beta zeolite-supported nickel (3 and 5%) was performed using the biomass/catalyst of 1.0/0.2 ratio. The thermokineti [...]

2184 11301

Open Access Original Research

Kinetics and Thermodynamics of the Pyrolysis of Waste Polystyrene over Natural Clay

Received: 22 July 2022;  Published: 01 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204044

Abstract

Due to the massive increase in polymer manufacture, there has been a remarkable increase in plastic waste. With fewer landfills being used to dump plastic waste each year, it is becoming increasingly important to use effective recycling methods for plastic waste decomposition. In the present work, waste polystyrene was degraded in the presence of natural clay (K0.02, Ca0.15 [Mg0.25, Al0.69, Fe0.06], [Si2.0, Al0.6] O6.8 (O10) nH2O). The waste polymer was pyrolyzed at different heating rates i.e., 5, 10, 15 and 20&#x [...]

1602 11627

Open Access Research Article

“Not Private at All:” Comparative Perspectives on Privacy of Genomic Data, Family History Data, Health-Related Data, and Other Personal Data

Received: 09 August 2022;  Published: 31 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2204167

Abstract

People choose how and if to generate and disclose not just personal genomic data, but also multiple other types of personal health and non-health related data. To contextualize choices about genetic testing and genetic data disclosure, we explored perspectives of genomic data privacy and disclosure compared to other types of data. We conducted a qualitative focus group study with adult members of an integrated U.S. health system, using administrative data to stratify our sample by age and by race/ethnicity. Discuss [...]

1678 9408

Open Access Original Research

Strength Properties of Cellulosic Fibrous Mats Impregnated with Water Repellents Based on Reclaimed Polystyrene

Received: 23 August 2022;  Published: 28 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2204022

Abstract

Cellulosic fibrous mats were impregnated with various water-repellent formulations based on reclaimed polystyrene (5, 10, 15, and 20%), alkyd resin (5%), gum rosin (5%), and paraffin wax (0.5%). The mats were tested for their bursting strength and resistance to bending. They were also subjected to the ring crush test and short-span compression test. By increasing the concentration of total solid ingredients (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25.5%), the retention and grammage of the mats were increased, and all strength propertie [...]

1470 6648

Open Access Review

Dynamic Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Migraineurs

Received: 19 July 2022;  Published: 26 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204143

Abstract

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used to detect changes in the resting-state brain networks of migraine patients. Functional connectivity fMRI analysis examines the functional organization of the brain based on temporal correlations of blood oxygen level-dependent signal changes in different brain regions. Most previous resting-state fMRI studies have assumed that functional connectivity between brain regions remains relatively stable over time. However, it is now known that the brain is a com [...]

1543 7960

Open Access Original Research

Hepatitis B Reactivation in HBsAg Negative Renal Transplant Patients with Evidence of Previous HBV Infection: A Not Neglectable Occurrence

Received: 22 June 2022;  Published: 26 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2204168

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is frequent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). HBV reactivation after kidney transplant (KT) is more common in patients with HBsAg+; however, it can also occur in previously infected individuals, particularly those with HBsAg negative and total antiHBc positive (HBsAg-/antiHBcT+). However, reactivation in this population has scarce and conflicting data. This study aimed to assess the reactivation risk in KT recipients with previous HBV infection (antiHBcT+). A retros [...]

1315 7555

Open Access Original Research

The Effect of Oxygen-containing Additives in Feedstock on the Performance of the Catalytic Cracking Process

Received: 28 July 2022;  Published: 26 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204037

Abstract

In this study, we found that adding catalytic cracking feedstock, vacuum gas oil, and naphthenic acids in the amount of 0.005–0.0075% vol. increased the liquid target fractions, i.e., gasoline and light gas oil. The decrease in the yield of hydrocarbon gas at a practically constant degree of conversion of the raw material indicated a small proportion of the reactions of re-cracking of the resulting products. This also indicated the resource-saving nature of the process, allowing a larger amount of gasoline fraction [...]

1445 7845

Open Access Research Article

Short Hydroacylation-Based Synthesis of Four Aryl-3-hydroxypropanones, Predictable Biomass-Derived C9 Platform Molecules

Received: 22 July 2022;  Published: 26 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204036

Abstract

A two-step protocol for the synthesis of aryl-3-hydroxypropanones, which were regarded as lignin degradation products, was proposed herein. This protocol provided a more rapid and easier access to aryl-3-hydroxypropanones, and aryl-3-hydroxypropanones were expected to be ideal platform molecules for the synthesis of more complex value-added targets.

1991 9478

Open Access Communication

Quantification of the Carbon Sequestration Potential of a 31-year-old Tree-based Intercropping System in Southern Ontario, Canada

Received: 08 September 2022;  Published: 25 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204043

Abstract

Carbon (C) storage potential was quantified for four tree species which are commonly incorporated into tree-based intercropping (TBI) systems and compared with conventional agricultural systems in southern Ontario, Canada. In the 31-year-old TBI system at the University of Guelph's Agroforestry Research Station, Norway spruce (Picea abies), white cedar (Thuja occidentalis), black walnut (Juglans nigra) and red oak (Quercus rubra) were planted in tree rows, intercropped with soybean (Glycine max). In the conventiona [...]

1899 9000

Open Access Original Research

Some Aspects of Marine Meteorology and Air-Sea-Wetland-River Interactions During Hurricane Ida (2021)

Received: 28 August 2022;  Published: 21 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204042

Abstract

In August 2021 Hurricane Ida devastated southeast Louisiana. On the basis of numerous pertinent meteorological-oceanographic (met-ocean) information including datasets and graphics as supplied by various public agencies, several unique topics related to marine meteorology and air-sea-land interactions are investigated. It is found that a newly proposed revised relation between minimum sea-level pressure and maximum sustained wind speed is verified during Ida. Characteristics of the rapid intensification, defined as [...]

1499 7796

Open Access Original Research

Elastohydrodynamic Squeeze-film Interaction in Synovial Joints with Nanofluid Lubrication

Received: 09 July 2022;  Published: 19 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2204021

Abstract

New lubrication events can be predicted using improved pathological non-Newtonian physiological fluids coupled to phospholipid-based bilayers in variable time-dependent magnetic fields under random non-steady conditions. In this study, we investigated nanofluid lubrication systems for synovial joints. The particles of PSPMA-g-HSNPs were used as nanoparticles. The hydrodynamic interaction between the knee bones separated by a nanofluid film was considered here for various nanofluid concentrations. The simulation ind [...]

1363 9116

Open Access Original Research

Effect of ZSM-5 Particle Size and Framework Silica-to-Alumina Ratio on Hexane Aromatization

Received: 13 August 2022;  Published: 17 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204035

Abstract

Parent ZSM-5 and Ga-modified ZSM-5 catalysts with different Si/Al ratios and particle sizes were prepared. The physicochemical properties of the prepared catalysts were investigated by performing X-ray powder diffraction analysis, BET surface area analysis, and NH3-TPD analysis. The performance of the aromatization reaction of the prepared catalysts was evaluated with 1-hexane as a model compound. The zeolite catalysts with a low SiO2/Al2O3 ratio possessed better activity than those with a high SiO2/Al2O3 ratio. Ga [...]

2585 16159

Open Access Research Article

Kinetic Modeling of the Esterification of Oleic Acid and Methanol in Conventional and Adsorptive Reaction Systems

Received: 23 August 2022;  Published: 17 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204034

Abstract

Biodiesel is derived from renewable vegetable or animal sources and is either used as a standalone fuel or blended with oil-based diesel. The kinetic mechanism of the esterification of oleic acid was investigated in a conventional batch reactor and a batch reactor coupled to a water adsorption system. The esterification was performed with oleic acid and methanol at different temperatures (70 to 110 °C) and alcohol-to-oleic acid molar ratios (3:1 to 9:1), using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. A kinetic model was constr [...]

4713 21919

Open Access Original Research

Green Synthesis of Metal-Organic Biohybrid (Mob) Nanomaterials

Received: 02 August 2022;  Published: 17 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2204020

Abstract

Green synthesis of nanomaterials endeavors to reduce the use of high energy methods with those that may include lower temperatures and pressures, use of natural products, and bottom-up self-assembly. Here we describe the generation of metal-organic biohybrids (MOBs) with nanoscale features synthesized at physiological (37°C) and room temperature (25°C). These MOBs utilized the naturally occurring amino acid dimer cystine as the biological component, and a series of metals, including copper, silver, and cobalt. The [...]

1854 12869

Open Access Original Research

An Exploratory Study of How Mobile Devices are Used by Older Adults

Received: 08 August 2022;  Published: 17 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204209

Abstract

Despite the increase in use and interest in mobile devices by older adults, to date, there is still limited research carried out to better understand older adults’ usage and needs as they relate to such devices. As such, this research examined the use of two types of mobile devices, smartphones, and tablets, by older adults (i.e., age 65+), as well as the use of a new interface, developed for research purposes, called “PhonAge”. This study was exploratory, and utilizes frequency data and tables, in order to get a s [...]

1308 8822

Open Access Original Research

An Empirical Study on the Communication and Usage Psychology of Emoji in Wechat

Received: 30 June 2022;  Published: 17 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204142

Abstract

As an indispensable active atmosphere and meaningful emotional expression in social media, emojis describe the emotions of users in specific situations in a funny, humorous, euphemistic, and implicit form and attract users to use them consciously or unconsciously with their quick and convenient features. Currently, the research on the psychology of emoji usage is mostly from the perspective of users, while neglecting the essential attributes of emojis. The purpose of this study was to investigate and summarize the [...]

2312 25780

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Prof. Haval Shirwan

Received: 09 October 2022;  Published: 17 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2204167

923 6346

Open Access Review

Perspectives to Modify and Counter Aging in the Frame of Subtelomere–Telomere Theory of Aging

Received: 22 July 2022;  Published: 14 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204208

Abstract

The interpretation of aging as an adaptive and programmed phenomenon implies the existence of specific genetically determined and regulated aging-causing mechanisms. This interpretation is in contrast to the explanation of aging as the gradual accumulation of the effects of harmful factors that are only partially countered by natural selection. The subtelomere–telomere theory of aging offers what is required by the interpretation of aging as a programmed phenomenon. The experimentally documented mechanisms that are [...]

1409 8871

Open Access Review

Perovskite Solar Cells: Assessment of the Materials, Efficiency, and Stability

Received: 14 August 2022;  Published: 14 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204033

Abstract

Solar cells based on organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites are popular in the photovoltaic community due to their high efficiency, low cost, and solution processability. Understanding the fundamentals of metal halide perovskite and its interfaces is extremely important for achieving high-quality materials and developing efficient devices using these materials with the necessary properties. Various methodologies have been used to evaluate the excellent optoelectronic properties, efficiency, and stability of PSCs [...]

5031 38963

Open Access Original Research

Impact of COVID-19 on Chile's Energy Transition Policies and Goals

Received: 16 June 2022;  Published: 13 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204041

Abstract

Because of climate change, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have increased, leading to the implementation of energy transition policies. Countries have adopted the Paris Agreement to curb the effects of climate change. The emergence of COVID-19 in 2020 led to the application of different measures to stop its transmission. This study evaluated the effects of COVID-19-related restrictions (such as quarantine and mobility restriction) in Chile during the first wave on compliance with the country's energy transition poli [...]

1341 7362

Open Access Research Article

Biogeochemical Engineering: Technologies for Managing Environmental Risks

Received: 05 September 2022;  Published: 13 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204040

Abstract

This research aims at one of the most important economic and environmental problems - the elimination of the consequences in case of emergency spills while cleaning petroleum products. The objectives of the study include the development and production of new biological products and biosorbents based on carbon-oxidizing microorganisms, testing the developed technologies for environmental risk management to eliminate the consequences of emergency petroleum product spills, creating an algorithm for conducting prelimin [...]

1397 7476

Open Access Short Report

A Dual-PRF Scan Mode and Adaptive Doppler-Velocity Dealiasing to Increase Radar Clear-Air Velocity Data Coverage and Usability

Received: 05 August 2022;  Published: 13 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2204034

Abstract

By using long pulses with extended dwelling time, lowered pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and reduced Nyquist velocity, the radar measurement capability can be enhanced to increase clear-air Doppler velocity data coverage (which is beneficial for radar wind analysis and data assimilation and motivated our previous study). This potential capability is further explored (beyond our previous study) by not only modifying the existing operational clear-air scan mode with a lowered PRF and reduced the Nyquist velocity (t [...]

1305 9235

Open Access Original Research

TEA of a Unique Two-Pathways Process for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture

Received: 01 August 2022;  Published: 13 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2204033

Abstract

A unique two-Pathways process using aqueous sodium glycinate for CO2 capture from a split flue gas stream emitted from 600 MWe post-combustion coal power plant was developed in Aspen Plus v.10. The split gas flow rate used was 44.75 ton/h and contained 0.0023 mol% SO2 and 13.33 mol% CO2. The process includes a washing unit, a CO2 absorption unit, a reverse osmosis unit, and a solvent regeneration unit or an ultrafiltration unit. The washing unit uses deionized water to completely remove SO2 and the CO2 absorption u [...]

1998 9780

Open Access Review

The Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Markers of Muscle Damage and Inflammation Following Exercise in Older Adults: A Brief Narrative Review

Received: 04 July 2022;  Published: 12 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpn.2204021

Abstract

Exercise induced muscle damage occurs following strenuous and unfamiliar exercise and results in biomarkers of muscle damage and inflammation in the circulation. Creatine (Cr) is a commonly utilized nutritional supplement which has been proposed to enhance post-exercise recovery and has been suggested to decrease exercise induced inflammation. Exercise is well recognized to be beneficial for older adults to maintain skeletal muscle mass and strength as well as promote health for other biological systems. However, o [...]

3529 39420

Open Access Research Article

Optical, Charge Transport, Thermal, Magnetic, Plasmonic, and Quantum Mechanical Properties of Iridium

Received: 30 July 2022;  Published: 12 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2204019

Abstract

Spectrophotometry has been widely used to retrieve the dielectric function of a bulk iridium sample using an extended version of the Drude–Lorentz model. The parameters of the model are optimized using a spectral-projected-gradient-method-assisted acceptance-probability-controlled simulated annealing approach. Furthermore, optimized values of Drude parameters corresponding to the optical response of electrons and holes (scattering frequency of electrons, the ratio between scattering frequencies of holes and electro [...]

1511 9819

Open Access Research Article

The Physical Potential for Dutch Offshore Wind Energy

Received: 04 August 2022;  Published: 10 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2204032

Abstract

In the Netherlands, an important way to contribute toward achieving climate goals is the large-scale deployment of wind turbines in the North Sea. The North Sea is a unique location for offshore wind power thanks to its strong winds, shallow waters, and proximity to large energy users. Wind turbines generate electricity by extracting kinetic energy from the atmosphere. This kinetic energy is replenished at a finite rate through the mixing of atmospheric layers. The replenishment rate sets a physical limit to the am [...]

2211 23375

Open Access Opinion

The Role of Agriculture in the Australian Government’s Emission Reduction Fund

Received: 21 July 2022;  Published: 10 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204039

Abstract

Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture in 2020 were 67.8 million (M) tonnes (t) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e), amounting to 12.9% of total emissions. Erupted methane (CH4) from ruminant animals comprised 42% of agricultural emissions. By 2030, the Australian Government aims to reduce total emissions by 43% from the 2005 level. The primary policy instrument for achieving this reduction is the Emissions Reduction Fund (ERF) in which there are two main pathways for agriculture – emiss [...]

1729 8749

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Dr. David G. Smithard

Received: 09 October 2022;  Published: 09 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204207

Abstract

Open AccessOBM GeriatricsInterviewAn Interview with Dr. David G. SmithardOBM Geriatrics Editorial OfficeLIDSEN Publishing Inc., 2000 Auburn Drive, One Chagrin Highlands, Suite 200, Beachwood, OH, USA; E-Mail: geriatrics@lidsen.comOBM Geriatrics 2022, volume 6, issue 4 doi:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204207Received: October 09, 2022Accepted: October 09, 2022Published: October 09, 2022

903 5100

Open Access Original Research

Young Adult’s Mental Health Literacy in Relation to Depression and Their Attitudes Towards Complementary Medicine Practice

Received: 11 July 2022;  Published: 09 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2204047

Abstract

Depression and mental health-related issues are increasingly prevalent in young adolescents and adults and so is the use of Complementary Therapies (CTs) to treat depression. Systematic reviews have found that, of all CTs, acupuncture, exercise, and the herbal remedy St John’s Wort have the greatest amount of evidence for efficacy in treating depression. We aimed to assess Mental Health Literacy (MHL) levels in the treatment of depression and Complementary Therapy’s (CT) usage in adolescents and adults. Surveys wer [...]

1422 7465

Open Access Original Research

A Robust Second-Order Conic Programming Model with Effective Budget of Uncertainty in the Optimal Power Flow Problem

Received: 29 December 2021;  Published: 09 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2204031

Abstract

Integrating large-scale wind energy in modern power systems necessitates high-efficiency mathematical models to address classical assumptions in power systems. In particular, two main assumptions for wind energy integration in power systems have not been adequately studied. First, nonlinear AC power flow equations have been linearized in most of the literature. Such simplifications can lead to inaccurate power flow calculations and result in technical issues. Second, wind power uncertainties are inevitable and have [...]

1415 8018

Open Access Original Research

Challenges and Problems on Self-directed Learning Readiness in Non–face-to-face Educational Settings During COVID-19

Received: 15 June 2022;  Published: 08 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204141

Abstract

This study aimed to verify whether self-directed learning readiness (SDLR) level can be significantly predicted by the literacy of learning management system (LLMS), motivation, and feedback interaction (FI) in non–face-to-face educational settings. We performed Pearson’s correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. A total of 206 online college students responded to this web survey using simple random sampling. Results showed that three variables (LLMS, motivation, and FI) were positively associated with [...]

1554 18933

Open Access Original Research

3D Printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) Well Plates for Enzyme Inhibition Studies: The Case of Pancreatic Lipase

Received: 31 July 2022;  Published: 08 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204032

Abstract

3D printed PLA has already been demonstrated for several biotechnological applications, including enzymes immobilization. The prerequisites for an efficient screening assay include using small volumes of reagents, low cost, and rapid screening of large numbers of compounds and extracts. Hence, assays based on microtiter plates are predominant. Thus, designing and fabricating scaffolds on a similar scale, which could serve as immobilization carriers, and their recruitment in inhibitors screening studies is of great [...]

1646 9678

Open Access Original Research

Possible Preventive Effect of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. Essential Oil on Some Neurodegenerative Disorders

Received: 10 June 2022;  Published: 08 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204140

Abstract

The present article describes some characteristics of the effect of essential oil (EO) extracted from Ziziphora clinopodioides harvested from Armenian highlands on microglial cell lines (BV-2 wild-type (WT) and acyl-CoA oxidase1 (ACOX1)-deficient (Acox1–/–) cells). The mutant cell line was used as a model to investigate cellular oxidative damage following EO treatment. The main components of the tested EO were pulegone, isomenthone, 1,8-cineole, piperitone, and neomenthole, with concentrations of 42.1%, [...]

1271 7482

Open Access Review

Myokine Response to Resistance Exercise in Older Adults and the Similarities and Differences to Younger Adults: A Brief Narrative Review

Received: 30 May 2022;  Published: 07 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204206

Abstract

Myokines are cytokines secreted from muscle during contraction and are implicated in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine regulation of biological systems. It is postulated that myokines contribute to skeletal muscle adaptations in response to resistance exercise. Exercise, including resistance exercise, is an important factor in the management of maintaining skeletal muscle strength, mass, and function with aging. Sarcopenia is exacerbated with increased age and therefore, it is important to understand the potentia [...]

1372 12920

Open Access Original Research

Human Attention Assessment Using A Machine Learning Approach with GAN-based Data Augmentation Technique Trained Using a Custom Dataset

Received: 27 May 2022;  Published: 04 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204139

Abstract

Human–robot interactions require the ability of the system to determine if the user is paying attention. However, to train such systems, massive amounts of data are required. In this study, we addressed the issue of data scarcity by constructing a large dataset (containing ~120,000 photographs) for the attention detection task. Then, by using this dataset, we established a powerful baseline system. In addition, we extended the proposed system by adding an auxiliary face detection module and introducing a unique GAN [...]

1575 12493

Open Access Original Research

A Clinical Validity-Preserving Machine Learning Approach for Behavioral Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Received: 31 May 2022;  Published: 30 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2203138

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder associated with critical challenges related to social, communication, and behavioral issues. Recent studies have proposed machine learning (ML) techniques for rapid and accurate assessment of ASD. However, the mismatch between the ML techniques and the clinical basis of ASD assessment reduces the effectiveness of ML-based assessment tools. The present study proposed an approach that utilized the potential of ML modeling and preserved the clinical relevan [...]

1673 8380

Open Access Original Research

Implementation of a Dynamic Thermal and Illuminance Control System in Responsive Façades: Shading Study

Received: 30 May 2022;  Published: 29 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2203038

Abstract

This study evaluates three shading configurations designed and tested in a preliminary stage of responsive shading device development. The strategy is based on trigonometric relationships focused on solar angles at any given moment. The configurations are thus related to the ratio of the window area shaded by a responsive brise-soleil that provides 0%, 50%, or 100% shading of the indoor space, based on the daylight needs and the indoor thermal control realized. Shading simulations were performed for Pomona, Califor [...]

1719 9081

Open Access Research Article

Cytoplasmic Microinjection of piggyBac Transposase mRNA and Transposon Vectors for Efficient In Vitro Production of Transgenic Porcine Parthenotes

Received: 07 July 2022;  Published: 29 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2203166

Abstract

The efficient production of transgenic (Tg) piglets has remained a challenge in the field of domestic animal studies. Unlike mice, the pronuclei of pig zygotes cannot be easily studied because of the abundance of lipid droplets. Therefore, the zygotes must be briefly centrifuged before pronuclear injection (PNI) to move the lipid droplets to the periphery of the zygote for PNI-mediated production of Tg piglets. However, this procedure is temporal because lipid droplets return to the original space during PNI, hampe [...]

1879 13738

Open Access Original Research

Catalytic Co-gasification of Lignites Blended with a Forest Residue under the Carbon Dioxide Stream

Received: 24 May 2022;  Published: 29 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203031

Abstract

The present study investigated the co-gasification of two different lignites blended with the forest residue collected from the land restoration activity sites of open-pit mines located in the region of the Ptolemais basin in North Greece performed under the carbon dioxide stream. All samples were devolatilized in a fixed bed unit prior to the gasification evaluations. The gasification evaluations were performed using a thermal analysis system (TG/DTG) operated at temperatures of up to 1000 °C. The reactivity, [...]

1310 6718

Open Access Original Research

Computerized Assessment of Cognitive Development in Neurotypical and Neurodivergent Children

Received: 05 July 2022;  Published: 28 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2203137

Abstract

This study aims to observe the differences in the shared intentionality magnitude in mother-child dyads with neurotypical (NT) children and neurodivergent (ND) children aged 3-6 years. The quality of shared intentionality in infancy is associated with cognitive development. Our results showed that ND children scored six times higher (on average) in quiz-test than NT children. Children with difficulties in interaction (ND children) are more likely to use shared intentionality in conversation than NT children. We bel [...]

2067 13916

Open Access Short Report

Creation of an Operational Dashboard to Document Implementation of 4M’s into Primary Care in a Geriatric Patient-Centered Medical Home

Received: 05 June 2022;  Published: 28 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203205

Abstract

Many health systems have joined the Age-Friendly Health Systems movement to provide every older adult safe, high-quality care aligned with what matters most. Becoming an Age-Friendly Health System means that hospitals and health care systems reliably use a set of evidence-based practices known as the “4M’s” – What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility – to provide care for older, disabled and medically complex patients across all care settings. Implementing the Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s (IHI) 4M [...]

1416 7841

Open Access Original Research

The Technology of Upward Capillary Formation of Waste for Creating a Deposit before Land Reclamation

Received: 08 June 2022;  Published: 27 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2203037

Abstract

Mineral resources in the subsoil are classified as exhaustible. One of the ways to potentially replenish the sources of mineral resources is presented in the materials of these studies. In this article, we studied the natural formation in the bowels of the array of zones of high concentrations of compounds of useful components. We aimed to develop the technological methods of mass transfer and directed deposition of useful components. The technological transition of mineral resource extraction from the “gathering” [...]

1249 6880

Open Access Original Research

Historical Evolution and Scenarios Up to 2050 of Heating Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions of Residential Buildings in Vienna

Received: 24 June 2022;  Published: 27 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2203030

Abstract

Today, the building sector poses a major problem concerning fossil fuel energy consumption and the corresponding emissions of local pollutants and global greenhouse gases (GHG). In addition, an increasing number of people are living in urban areas, and it is becoming challenging to provide the necessary living space and energy for heating in fast-growing cities. Currently, urban areas host approximately 50 % of the global population and generate 70 % of GHG. The core objective of this study is to analyze the histor [...]

1428 9802

Open Access Original Research

Hypnotic Regression as an Autoethnographic Modality for Exploring Adverse Childhood Experiences as Proposed Effectors of Chronic Adult Obesity - Selected Case Studies

Received: 09 March 2022;  Published: 26 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2203046

Abstract

Much has been written about the aetiological role of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in the development of chronic adult physical and emotional health problems but current screening methods utilising questionnaires and formal interviewing often fail to show consensus across populations and surveys. This paper proposes that hypnotic regression might provide an alternative approach to ACE screening through its facility in revealing unsuspected and seemingly minor ACEs, which nevertheless can go on to have long t [...]

1552 8013

Open Access Research Article

The Role of Tribal Leaders/Traditional Leaders in Regulating Land Use and Biodiversity Among the Gurune-Speaking People of the Upper East Region in Ghana

Received: 29 April 2022;  Published: 26 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2203036

Abstract

Regulating land use and the biodiversity of a region requires lasting accords between those who make the decisions and those who are affected by the rules and regulations. In Africa, these accords depend on the effectiveness of the collective efforts of the representatives of the legal authorities and the civil society (the traditional leaders in the tribal system). In this study, we investigated the role of tribal leaders in conserving biodiversity (which is a base for obtaining accords with statutory regulations) [...]

1530 14115

Open Access Research Article

Neuroprotective (Antioxidant, Antiamyloidogenic, and Antiexcitatory) Effects of Trévo™ against Cadmium Chloride Neurotoxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats

Received: 29 May 2022;  Published: 26 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2203135

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is deleterious to brain development as it increases brain aging. Trévo is a multi-herbal supplement that provides various health benefits, including boosting the immune system and detoxification. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of Trévo against the neurotoxic effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2). Thirty male Wistar rats were equally divided into three groups: Group I (normal control), Group II (administered CdCl2), and Group III (administered Trévo and Cd [...]

1145 8498

Open Access Original Research

Effect of Microwave Radiation on the Development of a Porous Aluminum Carrier of the Active Mass of Catalysts in Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions

Received: 24 June 2022;  Published: 26 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203030

Abstract

In this study, we prepared a fine-grained, aluminum-reinforced alumina support matrix of the active mass of catalysts, which showed activity in heterogeneous catalytic reactions stimulated by electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range. The support absorbed microwave radiation of 2.45 GHz. We compared the textural characteristics of samples of Al/Al2O3 supports obtained by conventional heat treatment to those synthesized by heat treatment in a microwave field. We found several advantages of heat treating poten [...]

1764 7672

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Dr. Francisco J. Barrantes

Received: 22 September 2022;  Published: 26 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2203136

1072 5685

Open Access Original Research

A Qualitative Study Exploring the Impact the Self-Compassion App Has on Levels of Compassion, Self-Criticism, and Wellbeing

Received: 25 May 2022;  Published: 26 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2203045

Abstract

Self-guided, smartphone apps may be helpful in reducing symptoms associated with psychological distress and may boost wellbeing, and levels of compassion. To our knowledge this is the first study to examine the impact a 28-day app based on Compassion Focused Therapy and Compassionate Mind Training has on participant’s levels of compassion, wellbeing, and self-criticism. The Self-Compassion App includes exercises, meditations, quotes, a daily wisdom, and audios, all of which aim to help individuals develop com [...]

1745 14575

Open Access Review

Newborn Screening in Gaucher Disease: A Bright and Complicated Future

Received: 20 July 2022;  Published: 26 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2203165

Abstract

Gaucher disease (GD) is one of the most common lysosomal storage disorders resulting from biallelic mutations in the GBA1 gene, causing a dysfunction of the lysosomal hydrolase, glucocerebrosidase (acid-β-glucosidase; E.C 3.2.1.45). Clinical manifestations are heterogenous and can include splenomegaly, anemia, and neurological impairments in the case of neuronopathic Gaucher disease types 2 and 3. Newborn screening, arguably the most important public health initiative to date, has been regularly conducted on n [...]

1638 12952

Open Access Technical Note

Successive Detection of Telomerase by IHC and Assessment of Telomere Length by Q-FISH in Paucicellular Cumulus Samples from Cumulus-Oocyte Complexes Obtained in Assisted Reproduction Programs

Received: 13 May 2022;  Published: 23 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2203164

Abstract

This paper suggests an approach for the use of a single paucicellular histological sample to investigate two characteristics indicative of the cell’s functional potential: 1) the content of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and 2) the telomere length. An algorithm has been suggested for the successive detection of the catalytic telomerase subunit with immunohistochemical staining and assessment of telomere length with Q-FISH on the same set of cells. The described approach uses three incontestable advantages [...]

1411 8358

Open Access Original Research

Modeling of Information Processing in Biomorphic Neuroprocessor

Received: 14 June 2022;  Published: 22 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2203134

Abstract

In the present study, we present the results of the modeling of incoming information processing in a neuroprocessor that implements a biomorphic spiking neural network with numerous neurons and trainable synaptic connections between them. Physico-mathematical models of processes of encoding information into biomorphic pulses and their decoding following a neural block into a binary code were developed as well as models of the process of routing the output pulses of neurons by the logic matrix to the synapses of oth [...]

1324 7022

Open Access Review

Microbial Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferases: Sources, Production, and Application in Cyclodextrin Synthesis

Received: 11 June 2022;  Published: 22 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203029

Abstract

Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) is a multifunctional enzyme that hydrolyzes the α-glycosidic bond between two sugar molecules and synthesizes cyclodextrins (CDs) and other transglycosylation products. It is a ubiquitously present extracellular enzyme that offers the CGTase-producing organism the sole right onto starch substrates over other microbes. The present review provides a brief account of diversity among CGTase-producing microbes, CGTase production in different heterologous hosts (wherein ext [...]

4246 27511

Open Access Review

Outcomes of Ecuador’s Rights of Nature for Nature’s Sake

Received: 30 March 2022;  Published: 22 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2203035

Abstract

The rights of nature have been widely discussed at a philosophical level for a long time, but examples of its practical application are quite rare. Ecuador is the first country to incorporate this concept into its constitutional foundation and put the theory into practice. However, implementing entirely justifiable rights of nature is hindered by factors, such as economic considerations, legal interpretations, cultural norms, political will, and disproportionate perspectives of “the greater good”. After getting opp [...]

1904 19722

Open Access Original Research

Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Response to Homeopathic Treatment of Psoriasis

Received: 12 August 2022;  Published: 21 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2203044

Abstract

Patients with psoriasis commonly opt for homeopathic treatment. However, no study has assessed the response to homeopathic treatment by using standardized disease-specific scales, and the findings are based on clinical assessments only. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response to the individualized homeopathic treatment of psoriasis with respect to changes in disease severity and quality of life based on Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI) scales, respective [...]

2912 22410

Open Access Original Research

Heterologous Expression, Characterization, and Comparison of Laccases from the White Rot Causing Basidiomycete Cerrena Unicolor

Received: 26 July 2022;  Published: 20 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203028

Abstract

Lignin is the most abundant renewable source of aromatics on earth, and conversion of it to chemicals and fuels is needed to build an economically viable renewable biofuels industry. Biological routes to converting lignin to fuels and chemicals involve depolymerizing lignin using lignin-degrading enzymes that catalyze the breaking of ether and carbon-carbon bonds in the phenolic and non-phenolic subunits of lignin. Laccases are a crucial class of lignin-degrading enzymes and are copper-containing enzymes capable of [...]

1752 9731

Open Access Review

Bibliometrics of Scientific Articles on Solid Waste Management in Shopping Malls (1999–2020)

Received: 09 May 2022;  Published: 20 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2203034

Abstract

The presence of shopping malls causes a social, economic, and environmental impact. The bibliometric analysis is a valuable method used to dentify published research papers, and understand historic information published in scientific journals. This method can be used to carry out qualitative and quantitative analyses of scientific production on a specific subject. This analytical method primarily focuses on analyzing the bibliometric study of the solid waste management method used in shopping malls. A small number [...]

1760 10582

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Dr. Sok Cheon Pak

Received: 18 September 2022;  Published: 20 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2203043

Abstract

Interview with Dr. Sok Cheon Pak. Dr Pak as a physiologist currently leads and guides research into nutraceuticals to provide relevant and impactful clinical applications. The best example is the rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC). RBAC is a functional food produced from hydrolysed rice bran denatured with shiitake mushroom enzymes. RBAC demonstrates strong immunomodulatory properties, particularly for enhancing the natural killer cell activity. Additionally, RBAC is a potent antiproliferative food supplement w [...]

969 5759

Open Access Editorial

Is There Evidence of Toxicity in Long-Term Photobiomodulation?

Received: 18 September 2022;  Published: 19 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2203042

Abstract

This editorial briefly discusses the issue of potential toxicity in the case of long-term photobiomodulation (PBM). Scientific articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure were included in a heterogeneous search. There have been very few studies on the long-term effects of PBM, as well as its potential toxicity. There is no evidence that PBM is toxic when used at therapeutic or imaging doses. There are no such concerns with intracranial PBM application (e.g., optical fiber) [...]

1487 9046

Open Access Research Article

Effective Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalyst for Methanol Production: Synthesis, Activation, Catalytic Performance, and Regeneration

Received: 09 September 2021;  Published: 19 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203027

Abstract

A precursor CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst for methanol synthesis has been prepared at room temperature by introducing a ternary salt solution into the excess of sodium carbonate solution following the reverse co-precipitation method. The catalyst was tested for the synthesis of methanol from synthesis gas. The composition (vol. %) has been presented: CO, 22; CO2, 5.8; N2, 5.5; H2, balance. The methanol productivity was recorded to be 2.7 kg kgcat–1 h–1 at a temperature of 260 °С, a pressure of 3 MPa, and a [...]

5917 43106

Open Access Research Article

Calculation of the Forces Applied to a Superconductor in Levitation in an Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field

Received: 07 July 2022;  Published: 15 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2203018

Abstract

Stable levitation of systems consisting of a magnetic source and a superconductor is actively investigated due to the promising applications of this technology. While huge efforts have been made for modeling these setups with numerical simulations, analytical models, in spite of their use being limited to devices with a high degree of symmetry, can bring precious information on certain characteristics of levitating systems. Summarizing our previous work in the field, we present the mean-field model that we have pro [...]

2673 23304

Open Access Commentary

Targeting Neuroplasticity for the Management of Pain and Agitation in Alzheimer’s Disease via Bergamot Nanotherapy

Received: 05 July 2022;  Published: 14 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2203133

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) accounts for 50–70% of cases of dementia worldwide and is a social burden to the affected population. Although several pathogenetic hypotheses have been proposed, evidence favoring the role of aberrant neuroplasticity in the development of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with dementia is increasing. Specifically, agitation is resistant to treatment and affects the quality of life, also because of the lack of safe and effective treatment for AD. Alterations in pain processing due to [...]

1585 8697

Open Access Review

Recruiting Perinatal Fathers to Interventions and Research: A Conceptual Model of Engagement and Integrative Review of Barriers Encountered and Strategies Used

Received: 31 May 2022;  Published: 14 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2203041

Abstract

The perinatal period represents a unique developmental window for families and an opportunity to reach and engage fathers in research and preventive interventions. The distinctiveness of this period stems from the changes and stressors that parents experience which affect their openness to enroll in interventions (e.g., adaptive parenting, physical and mental health, relationship skills, and economic self-sufficiency) and participate in research. While long understudied, paternal research in the perinatal period ha [...]

1729 11458

Open Access Review

Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Conversion of Furfural to C5 Derivatives: A Brief Review

Received: 30 June 2022;  Published: 13 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203026

Abstract

Technological development made in the field of biomass application allows synthesizing several high-value products, such as furfuraldehyde. Furfural, produced through sequential hydrolysis and dehydration reactions from biomass, is considered a platform molecule and a precursor of several other chemicals and biofuels that are generated following reactions such as hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation, and decarboxylation. This review aims to reveal the environmental-friendly mechanisms followed for producing furfural d [...]

2549 15423

Open Access Case Report

Sleep Disorders in Older People with Special Focus on Parkinson’s Disease

Received: 01 July 2022;  Published: 13 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203204

Abstract

This paper examines sleep disorders in older people, focusing on Parkinson’s disease (PD). It defines PD and explores those conditions associated with sleep disorders and their relationship to PD. It identifies specific conditions which cause sleep disoders in patients with PD, namely: REM sleep behaviour disorder (RDB) which may be a precursor to PD; obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) which is very prevalent amongst people with PD; depression and mood disorders which both increase with age and are more common in peopl [...]

1395 7214

Open Access Opinion

High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema in the Context of COVID-19

Received: 18 July 2022;  Published: 09 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2203163

Abstract

High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and COVID-19 pneumonia are different diseases, but HAPE-susceptible individuals (whose susceptibility often has a genetic basis) can also suffer from severe COVID-19. We hypothesized that certain pathogenic mechanisms might overlap if such a coincidence occurs, since these patients could react to alveolar hypoxia with a more intense and heterogeneously distributed pulmonary vasoconstriction than non-HAPE-susceptible patients. It is also not known how future altitude acclimatizat [...]

1501 10849

Open Access Original Research

Removal of As(III) from Water by Cellulase Templated TiO2: A Photocatalytic Oxidation Conjugated Adsorption Process

Received: 16 July 2022;  Published: 09 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203025

Abstract

TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared using cellulase as a biotemplate through a hydrothermal process. The as-prepared catalyst was characterized based on physicochemical techniques and was used to remove As(III) from contaminated water. The cellulase templated TiO2 photocatalyst (TiO2-cellulase) had a large specific surface area, which reached 166.6 m2·g–1. It also had a strong oxidation ability and, thus, behaved well in both photocatalytic oxidation of As(III) and dark adsorption. The pH of the solution h [...]

1330 7455

Open Access Case Report

Self-Hypnosis for Phantom Limb Pain: A Multiple-Case Study

Received: 29 June 2022;  Published: 09 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2203040

Abstract

Phantom limb pain occurs in more than half of the people who have undergone an amputation. Hypnosis can alleviate pain effectively in experimental, procedural, and chronic pain. Thus, in this multiple-case study, we determined whether hypnosis might be a successful complementary approach to help patients with phantom limb pain in alleviating their pain quality (i.e., sensitive and affective), intensity, fatigue, and emotional distress (i.e., anxiety and depression). Seven patients experiencing phantom limb pain wer [...]

1620 16071

Open Access Original Research

A Retrospective Study of Progressive Gait Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease

Received: 27 December 2021;  Published: 08 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203203

Abstract

Individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) have increased gait disturbances throughout disease progression. However, an understanding of gait impairment and progression in early versus late AD is lacking. Further, the longitudinal progression of gait impairment in AD as well as in those with MCI that transition to AD is lacking. Understanding gait pathology and progression of gait impairment is critical for implementation of strategies that could limit the high prevalence of gait [...]

1222 7881

Open Access Original Research

Influence of Recycled Concrete Aggregate Type on Rheological Behaviour of Mixtures Proportioned Using the Equivalent Volume Method

Received: 11 July 2022;  Published: 07 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2203017

Abstract

The ever-growing urgency to combat climate change has led the civil construction industry to develop and adopt sustainable construction materials and methods. The so-called recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) emerges as an alternative to decrease the carbon footprint of new concrete construction, the disposal of waste concrete, and the use of non-renewable natural resources such as cement and aggregates. RCA can be produced from crushing waste concrete; yet challenges remain when using RCA in concrete especially its [...]

1529 9696

Open Access Research Article

Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales (CEAS) in the UK General Population

Received: 06 July 2021;  Published: 07 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2203039

Abstract

Research has shown that compassion – whether to others, from others or to oneself – can be associated with improved well-being and mental health. Most measures to date focus on one of these flows of compassion, with only one recently published scale tracking all three. The primary aim of the current study was to investigate the psychometric properties of The Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales (CEAS) in a UK sample. The secondary aims were to investigate the level of compassion, as measured by th [...]

1831 11034

Open Access Original Research

The P2X7 Receptor Antagonist AZ10606120 Does Not Alter Graft-Versus-Host Disease Development and Increases Serum Human Interferon-γ in a Humanized Mouse Model

Received: 06 June 2022;  Published: 06 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2203166

Abstract

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a curative therapy for hematological malignancies, but its efficacy is limited by graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). This life-threatening disorder develops when donor (graft) immune cells cause inflammatory damage to recipient (host) tissues. The immune cell receptor channel P2X7 and its ligand adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) have been implicated in GVHD pathogenesis. Therefore, this signaling axis represents a potential therapeutic target. This study aime [...]

1389 9580

Open Access Review

Trisomy 14 Mosaicism Including Concomitant Uniparental Disomy: Population Frequency, Cytogenetic Profile, Sex Ratio, Maternal Age and Obstetric History

Received: 02 May 2022;  Published: 05 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2203162

Abstract

Mosaicism for trisomy of chromosome 14 (T14) is a very rare chromosomal disease in liveborn patients. Since the 1970s, when the first patients with mosaicism for T14 were reported, a number of studies on the clinical manifestations of this abnormality have been published. No information on epidemiological parameters was known except for the rarity of the disease and its predominance among female carriers. This was the first systematic review of published cases of mosaic T14 that addressed some epidemiological aspec [...]

4701 18964

Open Access Original Research

Risks Associated with the Use of Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier or Source

Received: 03 March 2022;  Published: 01 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2203029

Abstract

Hydrogen is a dangerous gas due to its low ignition energy, wide flammability range, promotion of the embrittlement of steel, and its high coefficient of permeation for polymers. The fracture toughness and failure elongation of pipe steels are strongly impacted by hydrogen embrittlement, whereas yield stress and ultimate strength are moderately impacted. Specific tools are required for the pipe defect assessment used for the transport of hydrogen, which is pure or blended with natural gas. The safety factors associ [...]

3100 19328

Open Access Short Communication

Promising Tactics with Certain Probiotics for the Treatment of Nephropathy in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Received: 02 May 2022;  Published: 30 August 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2203165

Abstract

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a standard form of cellular therapy for patients suffering from malignant hematological diseases. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a very serious complication and a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic HSCT. Calcineurin inhibitors, such as cyclosporine, are widely used to enhance the survival of patients who have undergone HSCT. Unfortunately, both GVHD and cyclosporine occasionally cause nephropathy. Several studies have shown that th [...]

1230 7176

Open Access Original Research

Study of Hydrogen Embrittlement in Pipelines and Nuclear Power Plants: Estimates for Durability

Received: 18 April 2022;  Published: 30 August 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2203028

Abstract

Due to the increasing need to further develop the world gas and oil industry and the increased public attention to clean energy sources, studying and preventing Hydrogen Induced Cracking is one of the main safety concerns in nuclear power plants, oil pipelines and platforms. In this article, the growth and incubation times for internal Hydrogen Induced Cracks (HIC) are examined. Specifically, these times are modeled in two separate phases - the first phase (I) is a long time approximation, when the crack growth is [...]

1808 11135

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Prof. José Ignacio Álvarez Galindo

Received: 29 August 2022;  Published: 30 August 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2203016

Abstract

Interview An Interview with Prof. José Ignacio Álvarez GalindoRecent Progress in Materials Editorial OfficeLIDSEN Publishing Inc., 2000 Auburn Drive, One Chagrin Highlands, Suite 200, Beachwood, OH, USA; E-Mail: rpm@lidsen.comRecent Progress in Materials2022, volume 4, issue 3doi:10.21926/rpm.2203016Received: August 29, 2022Accepted: August 29, 2022Published: August 30, 2022

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