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Table of Content

Open Access Perspective

Leveraging Existing Abilities in Dementia (LEAD™): Changing the Way Rehabilitation Professionals Care for Persons Living with Dementia

Received: 08 December 2023;  Published: 03 April 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2402275

Abstract

Latest estimates indicate that 5-7% of the population are living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias worldwide with a doubling in incidence expected every 20 years. Rehabilitation professionals are challenged with the complex needs of these patients. It is commonly thought that patients with dementia do not benefit from rehabilitation because of cognitive decline, behaviors, lack of communication, or difficulties in learning; however, current literature indicates this is not accurate. With proper knowled [...]

1245 7506

Open Access Research Article

What Do We Know about an Invisible Issue? Results of a Scoping Review of Elder Abuse and Gender and Sexual Minorities

Received: 04 January 2024;  Published: 18 March 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401274

Abstract

Elder abuse occurs to older adults who are members of gender and sexual minorities (GSM). Whilst most of that abuse is similar to that experienced by their heterosexual and cisgender peers GSM older adults face particular vulnerabilities due to their life experiences and changes. In this article we report on our findings from a literature search and knowledge synthesis, conducted as part of a larger project to inform Canadian policy makers working to eliminate gender and sexuality-based inequalities. The review inc [...]

1297 8822

Open Access Review

Impact of Sex and Gender Differences on Heart Failure, Especially in Elderly Patients

Received: 27 December 2023;  Published: 11 March 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401273

Abstract

Heart failure is one of the major health threats in Western societies, and its prevalence is steadily increasing. Many data show the important impact of sex (biological) and gender (sociocultural) differences on most aspects (diagnosis, etiology, treatments, and outcomes) of heart failure. For example, compared to men, women with heart failure are older, have more co-morbidities, and develop different phenotypes of heart failure. Postpartum cardiopathy is unique in women. The iatrogenic effects of cancer therapies [...]

1127 7519

Open Access Research Article

Resilience and Adaptability of Older Adults: Findings from the COVID-19 Impact Survey

Received: 08 January 2024;  Published: 06 March 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401272

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic caused abrupt changes in daily routines, social connections, and ways of life. It is yet unknown the full impacts these extended changes have had on the long-term mental well-being of those who shared this global experience. As a contribution to our overall understanding of this phenomena, this study explored the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental well-being of older adults in the Southern United States. Secondary data analyses were performed using the COVID-19 Emotional Impact Sur [...]

1036 6625

Open Access Review

Trajectories and Status of Transgender Elderly Across the World and in Spain: A Narrative Review

Received: 06 November 2023;  Published: 27 February 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401271

Abstract

Older trans people have been largely unaddressed both in the context of the LGBTIQ+ community and in studies on geriatrics and aging. This literature review compiles up-to-date information on transgender elders, providing a summary of the Spanish historical context in which trans people have been raised, and analyzes the areas in which to center possible courses of action and research on a global scale. The themes tackled are the presence of victimization and violence; the effects of medical transition, taking into [...]

1412 10673

Open Access Commentary

Older LGBTQ People and Religious Abuse: Implications for the UK Regulation of Care Provision in Later Life

Received: 16 October 2023;  Published: 21 February 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401270

Abstract

Research suggests health, social care, and social work professionals who are highly religious, and adhere closely to traditional doctrine, are more likely to take a negative view of LGBTQ people. This includes those who provide services to older people. Negative attitudes towards lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and/or queer (LGBTQ) people can translate into poor care and even abuse. This commentary discusses recent literature on older LGBTQ people’s experiences of religious abuse. It highlights the concerns among man [...]

1165 9428

Open Access Short Communication

Good or Great: Which One Are You?

Received: 17 December 2023;  Published: 19 February 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401269

Abstract

Clinicians caring for patients, especially those with chronic diseases or older adults, need to recognize the value of being able to transition away from aggressive care when appropriate and focus on a more palliative approach. Research has shown that patients want to have goals of care discussions and maintain autonomy at the end of life. These goals of care discussions can be challenging, and clinicians must prioritize and develop this skill in order to provide their patients with what they may need most. Being a [...]

939 4428

Open Access Short Communication

Mental Health among the Elderly in Nepal: Special Emphasis on Depression

Received: 21 December 2023;  Published: 08 February 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401268

Abstract

This paper discusses the impact of Depression on the aging population. It also tries to explore the psychosocial risk factors and burden associated with geriatric depression in low-and-middle-income (LAMI) countries. Nepal, a South Asian developing country, is resource-poor and research-naïve. Research, in general, and mental health studies, in particular, are the least prioritized in this country. The lack of culturally adapted psychiatric inventories is one of the possible reasons for the low number of mental hea [...]

1308 8352

Open Access Research Article

The Indigo Project: Participatory Action Research with Gender and Sexual Minority Survivors of Elder Abuse

Received: 27 November 2023;  Published: 31 January 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401267

Abstract

Though research suggests that older adults belonging to gender and sexual minorities (GSM) are at greater risk of abuse and neglect, more needs to be done to investigate this situation, provide solid data, offer support to survivors and better inform those providing services. This article reports on a participatory action research project in which nine older adults with lived experience of abuse were interviewed, as were the seniors’ programmer from our community partner organization and a trauma counsellor who sup [...]

971 6331

Open Access Concept Paper

Using Elder Abuse Case Studies to Develop LGBTQ+ Cultural Competency

Received: 16 July 2023;  Published: 15 January 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401266

Abstract

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) elders are vulnerable to both the “usual” types of elder abuse (physical, sexual, emotional, and financial abuse, along with neglect), and with abuse that is specific to the context and history of LGBTQ+ elders. Training for adult protective services, long-term care ombudsmen, and other professionals who work with abused elders therefore should include information and skill-building in responding to this population. Research into effective training about LGBTQ [...]

1419 7842

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgement to Reviewers of OBM Geriatrics in 2023

Received: 03 January 2024;  Published: 04 January 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401265

Abstract

The editors of OBM Geriatrics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2023. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal’s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the We [...]

635 3590

Open Access Original Research

Active Aging for L.I.F.E.: An Intergenerational Program for Addressing and Changing Attitudes Toward Longevity

Received: 19 July 2022;  Published: 27 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304264

Abstract

The global population of adults 65 years of age and older will increase dramatically over the next several decades, presenting economic and social challenges requiring sustainable solutions. Aging is a process in which everyone is already involved, it is a lifelong experience not just a later life occurrence. Changing world demographics illustrate that people are living longer, among the world’s young people, survival to age 80 is expected to be commonplace. This new found “longevity dividend” needs to be maximized [...]

1403 10763

Open Access Original Research

Cell Level- Modeling of Aging and Rejuvenation

Received: 14 April 2023;  Published: 22 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304263

Abstract

Understanding processes related to human aging and rejuvenation relies on experimental data and advanced models operating at different levels. There are several existing conceptual and specific modeling approaches. However, one of the existing tasks is compiling generic models linking properties at cell and cell-element levels to properties at systemic levels - tissue, organ, and whole body. One of the critical issues in the relevant models is the enormity of interacting components at the cell and sub-cell levels n [...]

1261 7921

Open Access Review

AI-Powered Solutions to Support Informal Caregivers in Their Decision-Making: A Systematic Review of the Literature 1

Received: 15 October 2023;  Published: 15 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304262

Abstract

Due to aging demographics, prolonged life expectancy, and chronic diseases, European societies' increasing need for care services has led to a shift towards informal care supplied by family members, friends, or neighbors. However, the progressive decrease in the caregiver-to-patient ratio will result in a significant augmentation in incorporating intelligent aid within general care. This study aimed to build upon the authors' previous systematic literature review on technologies for informal caregivers. Specificall [...]

1513 11698

Open Access Original Research

Examining the Role Between Social Antecedents and Depression among LGBTQ+ Older Adults Eligible for Low-Income Housing

Received: 28 July 2023;  Published: 15 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304261

Abstract

Housing is one of the top four most needed services for LGBTQ+ older adults, and this study focuses on the intersection of depression and social antecedents among LGBTQ+ older adults eligible for low-income housing. To explore social antecedents (i.e., demographics, early events, later events, social integration, and stressors) associated with screening positive for depression among low-income LGBTQ+ older adults from two cities in the Western United States. A cross-sectional study was conducted with LGBTQ+ older a [...]

1271 7352

Open Access Original Research

Sexual Orientation and Risk for Elder Abuse: Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

Received: 03 October 2023;  Published: 04 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304260

Abstract

This study addresses knowledge gaps concerning prevalence and risk factors for elder abuse among sexual minority (SM) compared to heterosexual Canadians aged 65+. Data derive from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, a national cohort study. Outcome variables include self-reports of psychological, physical, or financial abuse in the 12 months before interview and overall. Main explanatory variables are sexual orientation and gender identity; covariates include other socio-demographic characteristics, general a [...]

1543 22806

Open Access Original Research

Adaptation to Residential Care: Voices from New Zealand

Received: 25 May 2023;  Published: 01 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304259

Abstract

This article explores the adaptation process of older adults in residential care facilities in New Zealand. Through a phenomenological approach, this study provides clarity on how older adults adjust in residential care despite losses and challenges. Qualitative data on 24 older adults, 6 residential care facilities, and 10 staff were collected. Utilising qualitative software the following were identified: loss, support, acceptance and meaningful support. Initially, the unfamiliar environment and faces, structured [...]

1493 11342

Open Access Original Research

Where Older Patients with Cancer Die? A Retrospective Study

Received: 10 July 2023;  Published: 16 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304258

Abstract

Home is the preferred place of death for most cancer patients. We examined which characteristics of older patients with cancer may have influenced this choice and how important may be relevant an early collaboration between oncologists and palliatives. Hospitalized patients aged ≥70 were screened by G8 questionnaire and evaluated by Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) to identify frail and unfit ones and define the most appropriate end-of-life setting with palliatives. Using the G8 questionnaire, we screened 1 [...]

1255 5420

Open Access Research Article

Phytomodification Effects of Visceral Lymph Node Aging

Received: 09 July 2023;  Published: 01 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304257

Abstract

Lymph nodes are prioritized in protecting and ensuring endoecological safety at different periods of life, especially in retirement age. It destabilizes the structure and function of the lymphatic system and organs when aging increases the risk of comorbid conditions. This is a sign of age-related pathology. Improving lymph node function is an essential task in integrating gerontology and lymphology. The solution to this problem is possible with the help of a phytotherapeutic agent, which involves the evaluation of [...]

1026 5934

Open Access Short Communication

Narratives about Menopause

Received: 28 August 2023;  Published: 30 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304256

Abstract

Narratives and how women interpret their symptoms have always been a part of how menopause is experienced. Today, as women feel more accessible to talk about menopause, new narratives are being formed and negotiated - both to menopause and concerning women becoming older. These different narratives mirror the fact that the transitional phase differs from woman to woman and that some women experience many symptoms while others do not seem bothered at all. Some narratives underscore menopause as a transformative peri [...]

1736 10643

Open Access Short Review

The Pathophysiology and Management of NAFDL in Post-menopausal Women: An Updated Short Review

Received: 10 May 2023;  Published: 26 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304255

Abstract

Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFDL) is a condition in which an individual suffers from an accumulation of fat in the liver. This is a disease condition with a multifactorial etiology. Some potent causes of such conditions are altered thyroid condition, abnormal metabolism in the body due to aging or menopause, or any other hormonal imbalance. Most of these causes are regulated by genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Menopause comes with tremendous hormonal turmoil in the human body and brings vario [...]

1192 7354

Open Access Review

The Impact of Climate Change on Older Adults’ Mental Health: A Primer for Clinicians

Received: 31 July 2023;  Published: 24 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304254

Abstract

Climate change is a major public health emergency. Natural disasters (earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, tsunamis, landslides, wildfires, and volcanic eruptions) have been increasing in frequency and severity and can cause lasting psychological sequelae. Older adults are highly vulnerable to the physical and mental health impacts of extreme weather and natural disasters. A narrative review was conducted to identify and summarize English-language articles focusing on the impact of climate change on older ad [...]

2354 16852

Open Access Short Review

Age-Related Pathologies and Life Span

Received: 27 July 2023;  Published: 11 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304253

Abstract

Both from a healthcare and a socioeconomic perspective, research on senescence is increasingly essential. Indeed, in industrialized countries, the increased human longevity confronts medicine with many old patients with age-related pathologies. The paper reviews the biological theories on aging, the impact of reactive oxygen species, telomers, epigenetics, and genetics (e.g., gerontogenes) on-age-related pathologies. Also, the paper reviews available and under research therapeutic approaches (e.g., senolytics) aime [...]

1127 6715

Open Access Review

Screening and Treating Urinary Incontinence in Primary Care: A Missed Opportunity

Received: 12 May 2023;  Published: 05 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304252

Abstract

More than 60% of adult women in the United States have urinary incontinence (UI), with the prevalence increasing to over 80% in women over age 65. Despite its high prevalence, most patients do not seek care and few clinicians screen for UI. The Medicare Health Outcomes Survey queries patients about satisfaction with their provider’s discussion and management of UI, but formal recommendations about screening, diagnosis, and treatment are lacking. This review presents a practical algorithm for primary care providers [...]

1652 10444

Open Access Review

Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Diagnosis and Management

Received: 17 May 2023;  Published: 05 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304251

Abstract

The evaluation and treatment of mixed urinary incontinence receives relatively little attention as compared to other forms of incontinence. Mixed incontinence, however, defined as the combination of stress and urgency incontinence, accounts for the largest proportion of incontinence, with an increased incidence in older women. The condition can be very challenging to manage due to the coexistence of multiple pathologies. Treating either component can worsen the other, which means careful discussion of the risks and [...]

1298 12074

Open Access Review

Heart Failure in Elderly People: From Pathophysiology to Diagnosis and Management

Received: 05 March 2023;  Published: 19 September 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303250

Abstract

As the older population increases, there is an increase in age-related chronic diseases, especially heart failure. It affects 25% of over 75-year-old outpatients and represents the leading cause of hospitalization and death in older people. This review aimed to point out the main characteristics concerning heart failure in older people, taking into account clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. An extensive search on heart failure was made on PubMed and Google, using the keywords older people, heart failure, [...]

1425 13125

Open Access Short Communication

Redefining Hypotension in Older Adults: Implications for the Prevention of Age Related Cognitive Decline

Received: 24 April 2023;  Published: 18 September 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303249

Abstract

Chronically low blood pressure in older adults is associated with significantly increased long-term risks of dementia and all-cause mortality risk. Yet low blood pressure is generally not treated until an individual begins to experience the acute symptoms arising from very low cerebral perfusion. However, these acute symptoms, such as dizziness, balance difficulty, syncope, increased fall occurrence, vision impairment, and nausea, begin to occur only at very low blood pressure levels, such that mean arterial pressu [...]

1193 10896

Open Access Editorial

Treatments and Management of Menopausal Symptoms: Current Status and Future Challenges

Received: 31 August 2023;  Published: 13 September 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303248

Abstract

In the United States (US), menopause occurs at an average age of 52. Menopausal symptoms tend to be maximal during the few years before and the year after menopause (during perimenopause), except for symptomatic vulvovaginal atrophy, which may worsen over time. Up to 20% of bone density loss occurs during the first 5 years after menopause, followed by an age-related bone loss rate similar to that in men. Menopause should be considered confirmed if an age-appropriate woman who is not pregnant has not had a menstrual [...]

4038 24343

Open Access Opinion

Life-Changing Bubbles: A Simple Solution That May Help Many

Received: 20 February 2023;  Published: 24 August 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303247

Abstract

As the medical world continues to search for ways of improving the swallowing of many millions of Dysphagia sufferers around the world, this paper is devoted to presenting the case for carbonated water to be considered as a potential solution for many. The effectiveness of carbonated water (CW) in the rehabilitation of Dysphagia has been studied periodically over the last thirty years and some significant positive results have been recorded – but it is now proposed that further research should be directed to examin [...]

985 6770

Open Access Short Communication

US State Hospital Regulations Rarely Include Malnutrition but Could Provide a Future Policy Framework for Improving Malnutrition Quality of Care

Received: 31 March 2023;  Published: 17 August 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303246

Abstract

Malnutrition is a problem that is often not identified in hospitals as 8% of hospital patients are diagnosed but malnutrition is estimated to affect 20-50% of patients. Federal programs such as Joint Commission accreditation and the new, optional, global malnutrition composite score from CMS may improve inpatient malnutrition diagnosis, but there may be an opportunity to do more from a regulatory side. It’s unknown how many states are considering malnutrition from this standpoint. The study’s goal was t [...]

1044 8539

Open Access Research Article

Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment of Elderly Adults

Received: 23 March 2023;  Published: 14 August 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303245

Abstract

The geriatric population is increasing all over the world. Aging people have special health requirements and comprehensive medical checkups prevent physical, functional and mental decline during the aging period. This study aimed to examine the fitness level and identify problems with the well-being of elderly persons. In this context, the study also attempted to determine the relationship between socio-demographic factors and the health status of elderly adults. In this cross-sectional study, 168 elderly adults (≥ [...]

1368 7331

Open Access Perspective

Vascular Risks, Aging, and Late-Onset Dementia: Overlapping Etiologies Point to 'Scavenger Receptor'-Mediated Therapeutics

Received: 25 March 2023;  Published: 04 August 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303244

Abstract

Early changes in systemic vascular stiffness and endothelial function can contribute to altered cerebrovascular hemodynamics and impaired cognitive function; additionally, these vascular changes point to potential targets for prevention and treatment strategies in people with mild cognitive impairment. Although the pathogenic mechanisms underlying these vascular changes are heterogeneous and complex, one common feature is the development of cerebral blood flow (CBF) dysregulation, resulting in chronic cerebral hypo [...]

895 5283

Open Access Research Article

AI Literacy for an Ageing Workforce: Leveraging the Experience of Older Workers

Received: 02 March 2023;  Published: 25 July 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303243

Abstract

This study delves into the potential benefits of Artificial Intelligence (AI) literacy training for late-career-stage workers approaching retirement. These workers often possess extensive experience but may lack the necessary digital and AI skills. AI literacy training can empower them to leverage their experience and become proficient contributors to the digital economy. Furthermore, the article describes how these workers might benefit from AI training, particularly when employing practical applications of AI in [...]

5738 28436

Open Access Short Communication

Cross-Temporal Patterns of Care Provision by Older Adults during COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons for Resilience

Received: 13 March 2023;  Published: 11 July 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303242

Abstract

The current study aimed to examine the link between cross-temporal patterns of care provision and loneliness in older adults. Social capital and caregiver stress perspectives served as a theoretical framework for the study. The data were obtained from the two COVID-19 waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) conducted in 2020 and 2021. The data were analyzed using logistic regression models. The analytical sample consisted of 48,722 older adults residing in Europe and Israel. The anal [...]

982 6311

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Dr. Ines Testoni

Received: 25 June 2023;  Published: 27 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302241

Abstract

InterviewAn Interview with Dr. Ines TestoniOBM Geriatrics Editorial OfficeLIDSEN Publishing Inc., 2000 Auburn Drive, One Chagrin Highlands, Suite 200, Beachwood, OH, USA; E-Mail: geriatrics@lidsen.comOBM Geriatrics 2023, volume 7, issue 2 doi:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302241Received: June 25, 2023Accepted: June 26, 2023Published: June 27, 2023

844 4505

Open Access Case Report

Polymyalgia Rheumatica Evolved into RS3PE Syndrome. What is the Culprit: Idiopathic or Secondary, Following mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccines? A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature

Received: 08 January 2023;  Published: 27 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302240

Abstract

We describe the clinical case of a 74-year-old male patient who received the second Comirnaty/Pfizer anti-COVID-19 vaccine dose. After 3 weeks he showed the clinical signs of polymyalgia rheumatica. The history included mild chronic normocytic normochromic anemia and hypogammaglobulinemia, osteoarthritis disease, livedo reticularis, hypercholesterolemia, and arterial hypertension. Despite prolonged treatment with NSAIDs and dexamethasone, the disease evolved into remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pi [...]

1118 8566

Open Access Original Research

Role of Activity Professionals in Applying APIE Model to Enhance Residents’ Activity and Engagement in Long-Term Care Settings

Received: 23 August 2022;  Published: 25 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302239

Abstract

Residents’ activity is a strong contributor to the quality of life in long-term care facilities. Hence, activity professionals have an essential role to play in enhancing residents’ activity engagement. Professional practice model for activity professionals includes Assessment, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation (APIE model). Although activity professionals have made advances in demonstrating their value, few studies have focused on the APIE model for activity professionals in long-term care facilities. A sur [...]

1392 11285

Open Access Original Research

The Geriatric Impact in the Management of Complex Cancer Patients: A Monocenter Experience

Received: 17 November 2022;  Published: 13 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302238

Abstract

New technologies, aging-related changes, and evolution in patients' needs have led to a new scenario in all oncological fields in front of which we have to move on. Technological progress has made it possible to increase the number of patients treated, including elderly patients and generally those at higher risk of toxicity. However, this scenario has led to new problems requiring new skills to be addressed. For this reason, Gemelli-ART (Advanced Radiation Therapy) of Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemell [...]

915 5674

Open Access Communication

The Global Malnutrition Composite Score Quality Measure-Seize this Opportunity to Benefit Older Adult Care and Health Equity!

Received: 27 February 2023;  Published: 25 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302237

Abstract

In August 2022, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) adopted its first-ever nutrition electronic clinical quality measure (eCQM), known as the Global Malnutrition Composite Score (GMCS) as part of the Inpatient Hospital Quality Reporting (IQR) Program. Starting in January 2024, hospitals can self-select to include the GMCS as one of three optional eCQMs for reporting. This article focuses on the importance of addressing malnutrition to improve the overall health of the aging population, reduce preve [...]

1168 8114

Open Access Review

The Effects of Loneliness on the Aged: A Review

Received: 09 November 2022;  Published: 17 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302236

Abstract

Social support has been shown to have many positive effects on our lives, health, and ability to grow and flourish. Lack, or diminished social support results in loneliness. This thematic review focuses on the elderly, and the loneliness that is part of the life of many of them. The review highlights the social connections and the expectations that the elderly may have of them, and how being connected to others may alleviate, loneliness. Loneliness is known to negatively affect one’s health, social life, familial r [...]

1568 13768

Open Access Research Article

Older People and the Construction of Virtual Identities in the Digital Culture

Received: 06 February 2023;  Published: 10 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302235

Abstract

This research study addresses certain theoretical issues surrounding the relationship between digital technologies, the aging population, and identity. At the same time, it offers a conceptual proposal of indicators of the social inclusion of older people in the digital culture of society as a potential starting point for further empirical research. The progressive trend of a growing proportion of older people is a demographic reality in many economically and technologically advanced societies. This demographic agi [...]

1437 9552

Open Access Review

Emerging Roles of Signal Transduction Pathways in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Hunting New Possible Therapeutic Molecular Targets

Received: 27 January 2023;  Published: 05 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302234

Abstract

Illnesses following the degeneration of the nervous system can occur due to aging or genetic mutations and represent a clinical concern. In neurodegenerative diseases, loss of neuronal structure and functions mainly causes cognitive impairment, representing an increasing social burden. In neurodegenerative diseases, the progressive loss of vulnerable populations of neurons in specific regions of the central nervous system was traced to different pathological events, such as misfolded proteins’ accumulation, abnorma [...]

1180 7965

Open Access Review

Use of Artificial Intelligence in Skin Aging

Received: 02 July 2022;  Published: 17 April 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302233

Abstract

Skin aging is a complex process that involves several extrinsic and intrinsic factors and skin health is an indicator of the well-being of an individual. In recent years, there have been numerous developments using computerized systems to aid in finding solutions and treatments to skin aging processes. Tools like artificial intelligence (AI) can aid in finding solutions and treatments for skin aging. AI can also help in monitoring or identifying early signs of skin aging. Within the field of skin aging, several inn [...]

1325 11077

Open Access Editorial

Driving Safety in Healthy Aging and Age-Related Diseases

Received: 03 April 2023;  Published: 04 April 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302232

Abstract

EditorialDriving Safety in Healthy Aging and Age-Related DiseasesMichael Falkenstein *, Ute Brüne-CohrsALA Institute, 44805 Bochum, Germany; E-Mails: falkenstein@ala-institut.de; Ute.Bruene-Cohrs@ruhr-uni-bochum.de * Correspondence: Michael Falkenstein; E-Mail: falkenstein@ala-institut.deSpecial Issue: Driving Safety in Healthy Aging and Age-Related DiseasesOBM Geriatrics 2023, volume 7, issue 2 doi:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302232Received: April 03, 2023Accepted: April 03, 2023Published: April 04, 2023

822 4790

Open Access Original Research

Differences in Blame-Like and Forgiveness-Like Judgments between Young People, Healthy Older People, and Older People with Dementia

Received: 19 October 2022;  Published: 03 April 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302231

Abstract

The objective of the present experimental study was to compare how young people, healthy older people, and older people with dementia cognitively integrated three factors (Intention, Consequence, and Apology) when making blame-like judgments (prosecution and revenge) and forgiveness-like judgments (resentment and reconciliation). Thirty-four young people (Mage = 22.12, SD = 3.44), 22 healthy older people (Mage = 71.82, SD = 8.69), and 18 older people with dementia (Mage = 75, SD = 10.06) participated in the study. [...]

1337 7054

Open Access Original Research

Integration between Geriatric Oncology and Palliative Care: A Single Center Experience for Hospitalized Older Patients with Cancer

Received: 26 October 2022;  Published: 27 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301230

Abstract

Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) is utilized to plan social and health care of the elderly and to complete the diagnostic-therapeutic choice of oncologist also considering early integration with palliative care. Cancer patients (pts) hospitalized aged ≥70 years were screened by the G8 questionnaire to define if necessary CGA. CGA identified: fit, unfit and frail pts. We screened 95 pts by G8 and 93 (98%) were at risk. Pts at risk, evaluated by CGA resulted: 3 fit, 45 unfit and 45 frail. 3 fit pts received s [...]

1265 7521

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Dr. Terry Fulmer

Received: 15 March 2023;  Published: 23 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301229

Abstract

InterviewAn Interview with Dr. Terry FulmerOBM Geriatrics Editorial OfficeLIDSEN Publishing Inc., 2000 Auburn Drive, One Chagrin Highlands, Suite 200, Beachwood, OH, USA; E-Mail: geriatrics@lidsen.comOBM Geriatrics 2023, volume 7, issue 1 doi:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301229Received: March 15, 2023Accepted: March 15, 2023Published: March 22, 2023

709 5002

Open Access Short Communication

Evolution of Psychosomatic Diagnosis: From Masked Depression to Somatic Symptoms and Related Disorders

Received: 02 December 2022;  Published: 22 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301228

Abstract

This paper discusses the history and the concept of somatization from masked depression to somatic symptoms and related disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Evaluating the evolution of these terms and concepts along the time course is very interesting. DSM 5 revision was intended to increase the relevance of these concepts in the primary care setting. “Masked depression” is a form of depression in which somatic symptoms or behavioral disturbances dominate the clinical pictur [...]

2003 13799

Open Access Perspective

The Opportunity for Quality Malnutrition Care to Improve Rural Health Outcomes and Health Equity for Older Americans

Received: 22 November 2022;  Published: 10 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301227

Abstract

Older adults have a heightened risk of malnutrition that occurs with age. Many factors can increase their risk for malnutrition, including factors associated with disease, function, social and mental health, and hunger and food insecurity. Risk for malnutrition is also linked to disparities and may disproportionately impact people living in rural areas. This Perspective paper outlines the issue of malnutrition and its impact on health outcomes and health disparities as well as summarizes existing evidence on malnut [...]

1229 58324

Open Access Review

Do Antioxidants Extend Longevity in Invertebrate and Vertebrate Animals?

Received: 09 November 2022;  Published: 07 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301226

Abstract

In the 1950’s Denham Harman proposed the Free Radical Theory of Aging whereby species lifespan and individual longevities are the consequence of free radical driven damage to biomolecules. This led to decades of research to ascertain the effect of altered antioxidant defense systems on aging and mortality in an array of species using reverse genetics and dietary manipulation. Within invertebrates, the data generally support the Free Radical Theory in that overexpression of antioxidant enzymes or dietary supplementa [...]

1263 8963

Open Access Editorial

Ageing: Longevity, Successful and Positive

Received: 24 December 2022;  Published: 07 March 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301225

Abstract

Ageing: Longevity, Successful and Positive

1291 7443

Open Access Review

Review of the Nutritional Status in Older Adult Population

Received: 07 November 2022;  Published: 27 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301224

Abstract

The leading causes of death in older adults involve nutritional risk factors, heart disease, cancer, stroke and diabetes. Prevalence of lifestyle diseases, older adults consider themselves in good, very good or excellent health. Older adults want to remain independent and not burden others; they believe proper nutrition and sufficient exercise will help them maintain their autonomy and independence. To describe the diet, nutrition and general health status of the older adult population in Spain and their adherence [...]

1336 10354

Open Access Review

The Relationship between Rem Sleep Behaviour Disorder and Parkinson’s Disease Revisited – Are They One and the Same?

Received: 30 November 2022;  Published: 13 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301223

Abstract

This paper reviews the relationship between RBD and PD and the pathophysiology. Most RBD patients develop PD within 14 years. PD pathophysiology is α-synucleinopathy with dopamine degeneration in nigrostriatal pathways. RBD pathology is poorly understood. Anomalies suggest RBD and PD are different, evidenced by smoking. RBD and PD are associated with glucocerebrosidase gene mutations (GBA gene), suggesting RDB with GBA gene mutation predicts PD. PET imaging, assessing vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), inde [...]

1088 10120

Open Access Original Research

Improving Confidence in Dementia Care by Helping Care Staff Articulate Skills They Already Possess: The Value of the Communication and Interaction Training (CAIT) Programme

Received: 14 August 2022;  Published: 18 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301222

Abstract

This article discusses the findings from a training programme called ‘Communication and Interaction Training’ (CAIT). CAIT was designed to improve the confidence of carers in their use of communication skills with people living with dementia, particularly when managing behavioural agitation. This pre/post assessment study employed a mixed design, and showed positive effects in terms of quantitative and qualitative features. The participants were mainly from a specialist team who were experienced in managing episode [...]

1236 8291

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgement to Reviewers of OBM Geriatrics in 2022

Received: 04 January 2023;  Published: 04 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301221

Abstract

The editors of OBM Geriatrics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2022. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next LIDSEN publication and can download a certificate of recognition dire [...]

749 4707

Open Access Original Research

Brain Imaging Studies Using Deep Neural Networks in the Detection of Alzheimer's Disease

Received: 29 June 2022;  Published: 03 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301220

Abstract

The increasing incidence of adult-onset dementia disorders and primarily Alzheimer’s disease (AD) among the aging population around the world is increasing the social and economic burden on society and healthcare systems. This paper presents three neural networking algorithms: MobileNet, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and DenseNet for AD classification based on MRI imaging data. The results of each model were compared in terms of performance metrics such as accuracy, true positive rate, and receiver operating cu [...]

1210 7854

Open Access Original Research

Association of Stress with Healthy Aging, the Role of Physical Activity

Received: 14 October 2022;  Published: 29 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204219

Abstract

The World Health Organization attracted more attention to the positive effects of physical activity (PA) and the adverse effects of stress on the health of older people and, therefore, attracted a more significant number of practitioners. To verify the impact of PA on stress in older people. Observational and analytical research, composed of 690 older people of both genders residing in Brazil, present in street races (as participants or observers), who volunteered to respond to the research protocol consisting of s [...]

1187 7090

Open Access Original Research

4Active Intervention for Promoting Physical Activity and Cognitive Flexibility Among Older Adults

Received: 03 July 2022;  Published: 26 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204218

Abstract

Physical activity is essential to delaying cognitive decline and preventing cognitive impairment in older adults. We designed and implemented two-level 4Active intervention for older adults living in retirement communities. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the 4Active intervention in increasing physical activity and cognitive function in older adults. Fifty-eight eligible older adults with a mean age of 83.83 years (76.3% females) living in two retirement communities voluntarily participated in this [...]

1070 6925

Open Access Original Research

The Effects of Control Measures and Social Networks on Depression Among Older People During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Received: 26 June 2022;  Published: 26 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204217

Abstract

This study examined the correlates of change in the depressed state among people aged 65 and older during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, particularly the effects of crucial pandemic-related variables. Data were drawn from the longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), including information obtained from two special pandemic-related telephone interviews (N = 18, 266). The analysis regressed depressed state soon after the outbreak (T1) and again a year later (T2), on four pandemic-related varia [...]

1013 7078

Open Access Original Research

Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Elderly Patients Attending at Tertiary Health Care Centre in Central India During 1st Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Prospective Observational Study

Received: 22 August 2022;  Published: 11 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204216

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic had imposed a city-level quarantine, local lockdown, and border closures for patient-level isolation to control virus spread. There is a lack of studies on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the elderly in countries like India during COVID-19. After obtaining written informed consent from the elderly patients, data was recorded in the case record form-cum-questionnaire. The quality of life was assessed with the help of Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) HRQoL-14 measur [...]

1143 7441

Open Access Research Article

The Effect of Irradiation on the Skin upon Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Studied by FTIR Spectroscopy

Received: 12 September 2022;  Published: 24 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204215

Abstract

Breast cancer affects the female population worldwide. Radiotherapy (RT) is part of the therapeutic modality in the management of breast cancer, after radical mastectomy or conserving surgery. The FTIR spectroscopic "marker bands" will lead us to approach the mechanism of skin damage due to the interaction of ionizing radiation and skin, on a molecular level at the very early stages. FT-IR spectroscopy, breast digital pictures, and ImageJ software were used in the study. Healthy breast skin was irradiated ex-vivo w [...]

1123 6558

Open Access Review

Cardiovascular Comorbidities and Cognitive Impairment

Received: 23 August 2022;  Published: 23 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204214

Abstract

Various grades of cognitive impairment generally occur in older adults over the age of 55, where cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes and/or hypertension, coronary artery disease, or cerebrovascular accidents are also common. Cognitive impairment occurs in various forms, from mild or amnesia such as forgetting today's date to more ominous and progressive forms, such as frank dementia. Over 5 million people worldwide suffer from dementia, most of whom live in low- and middle-income countries. It has been env [...]

1096 7748

Open Access Research Article

Finding Positives Amidst the Negatives: A Thematic Analysis of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Canadians 55+

Received: 31 July 2022;  Published: 17 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204213

Abstract

Disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic exact a toll on vulnerable populations in terms of morbidity and mortality, but they also provide opportunities for personal growth and development and demonstration of personal and collective resiliency. This inductive thematic analysis explores self-perceived negative and positive impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on 2994 Canadians aged 55+. Data derive from response to two open-ended questions included in a national online survey (View Survey (sfu.ca)) conducted between Aug [...]

932 7870

Open Access Original Research

Dental Services Utilization by over 65 Years Old in Israel in 2020

Received: 01 May 2022;  Published: 17 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204212

Abstract

To understand dental service utilization in the over-65 age group and to identify the main patterns and barriers to uptake of dental care after the 2019 expansion under the National Health Insurance Law to include dental benefits for the over-75 age group. Phone interviews with a random sample of 512 people over the age of 65 were conducted between February and April 2020. About half had visited a dentist during the previous year (an average of 2.9 visits) while 17% reported they had never visited one. Dental servi [...]

1309 9068

Open Access Original Research

Happy and Satisfied in Very Late Life? Findings from the Health and Retirement Study

Received: 01 July 2022;  Published: 14 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204211

Abstract

This research aims to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of positive subjective well-being among centenarians and near-centenarians in the Health and Retirement Study. Participants who eventually survived to age 98 or older (N = 516) were included. Study variables included demographic characteristics, health and activities of daily living (ADL) functioning, cognitive functioning, and positive well-being. Additionally, a smaller subsample (n = 192) of participants with supplemental leave-behind qu [...]

1201 10085

Open Access Original Research

Exploring Spousal Relationships Post-Stroke and the Association Between Relationship Congruence and Dysphagia-Related Caregiver Burden

Received: 11 August 2022;  Published: 07 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204210

Abstract

Stroke survivors often receive spousal support for post-stroke impairments. The quality of spousal caregiving and couples’ wellbeing can suffer from post-stroke relationship changes and caregiver burden. Because swallowing impairment (dysphagia) is common post-stroke and spouses providing dysphagia care may experience burden, it is also important to explore whether relationship changes post-stroke are associated with dysphagia outcomes. The purpose of this study was to describe stroke survivor-spouse relationships [...]

1315 7044

Open Access Original Research

An Exploratory Study of How Mobile Devices are Used by Older Adults

Received: 08 August 2022;  Published: 17 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204209

Abstract

Despite the increase in use and interest in mobile devices by older adults, to date, there is still limited research carried out to better understand older adults’ usage and needs as they relate to such devices. As such, this research examined the use of two types of mobile devices, smartphones, and tablets, by older adults (i.e., age 65+), as well as the use of a new interface, developed for research purposes, called “PhonAge”. This study was exploratory, and utilizes frequency data and tables, in order to get a s [...]

1165 8294

Open Access Review

Perspectives to Modify and Counter Aging in the Frame of Subtelomere–Telomere Theory of Aging

Received: 22 July 2022;  Published: 14 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204208

Abstract

The interpretation of aging as an adaptive and programmed phenomenon implies the existence of specific genetically determined and regulated aging-causing mechanisms. This interpretation is in contrast to the explanation of aging as the gradual accumulation of the effects of harmful factors that are only partially countered by natural selection. The subtelomere–telomere theory of aging offers what is required by the interpretation of aging as a programmed phenomenon. The experimentally documented mechanisms that are [...]

1244 7978

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Dr. David G. Smithard

Received: 09 October 2022;  Published: 09 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204207

Abstract

Open AccessOBM GeriatricsInterviewAn Interview with Dr. David G. SmithardOBM Geriatrics Editorial OfficeLIDSEN Publishing Inc., 2000 Auburn Drive, One Chagrin Highlands, Suite 200, Beachwood, OH, USA; E-Mail: geriatrics@lidsen.comOBM Geriatrics 2022, volume 6, issue 4 doi:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204207Received: October 09, 2022Accepted: October 09, 2022Published: October 09, 2022

765 4819

Open Access Review

Myokine Response to Resistance Exercise in Older Adults and the Similarities and Differences to Younger Adults: A Brief Narrative Review

Received: 30 May 2022;  Published: 07 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204206

Abstract

Myokines are cytokines secreted from muscle during contraction and are implicated in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine regulation of biological systems. It is postulated that myokines contribute to skeletal muscle adaptations in response to resistance exercise. Exercise, including resistance exercise, is an important factor in the management of maintaining skeletal muscle strength, mass, and function with aging. Sarcopenia is exacerbated with increased age and therefore, it is important to understand the potentia [...]

1194 11561

Open Access Short Report

Creation of an Operational Dashboard to Document Implementation of 4M’s into Primary Care in a Geriatric Patient-Centered Medical Home

Received: 05 June 2022;  Published: 28 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203205

Abstract

Many health systems have joined the Age-Friendly Health Systems movement to provide every older adult safe, high-quality care aligned with what matters most. Becoming an Age-Friendly Health System means that hospitals and health care systems reliably use a set of evidence-based practices known as the “4M’s” – What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility – to provide care for older, disabled and medically complex patients across all care settings. Implementing the Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s (IHI) 4M [...]

1236 7406

Open Access Case Report

Sleep Disorders in Older People with Special Focus on Parkinson’s Disease

Received: 01 July 2022;  Published: 13 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203204

Abstract

This paper examines sleep disorders in older people, focusing on Parkinson’s disease (PD). It defines PD and explores those conditions associated with sleep disorders and their relationship to PD. It identifies specific conditions which cause sleep disoders in patients with PD, namely: REM sleep behaviour disorder (RDB) which may be a precursor to PD; obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) which is very prevalent amongst people with PD; depression and mood disorders which both increase with age and are more common in peopl [...]

1257 6841

Open Access Original Research

A Retrospective Study of Progressive Gait Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease

Received: 27 December 2021;  Published: 08 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203203

Abstract

Individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) have increased gait disturbances throughout disease progression. However, an understanding of gait impairment and progression in early versus late AD is lacking. Further, the longitudinal progression of gait impairment in AD as well as in those with MCI that transition to AD is lacking. Understanding gait pathology and progression of gait impairment is critical for implementation of strategies that could limit the high prevalence of gait [...]

1049 7282

Open Access Review

Polymyalgia Rheumatica, an Age-Related Rheumatic Disease

Received: 07 May 2022;  Published: 27 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203202

Abstract

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an age-related chronic inflammatory disease with rheumatic features at the fore. In addition to the high-grade systemic inflammation, it is characterized by typical "polymyalgic" musculoskeletal symptoms, including diffuse and severe pain and prolonged morning stiffness of the shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle, and neck. PMR is a member of the so-called giant cell arteritis complex; however, in spite of the marked systemic inflammation in PMR, the local vasculitis process aborts. The pa [...]

1537 17586

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Dr. Koh Iwasaki

Received: 01 July 2022;  Published: 03 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203201

1095 8244

Open Access Review

Complex Pathology of Cardiac Syncope in Old Patients

Received: 07 February 2022;  Published: 16 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2202200

Abstract

Syncope is characterized by a transient and rapid loss of consciousness for a short duration, with full spontaneous recovery within minutes. Syncope causes up to 2% of all emergency medical consultations. The incidence of syncope is similar in men and women, is higher in old patients (slightly higher in old women). The prevalence of syncope is up to 23% for the institutionalized elderly. In elderly patients, syncope often presents atypically, such as with falls; these patients might also have difficulty recalling e [...]

1070 8311

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Dr. Carlo Pedrolli

Received: 01 June 2022;  Published: 09 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2202199

Abstract

InterviewAn Interview with Dr. Carlo PedrolliOBM Geriatrics Editorial OfficeLIDSEN Publishing Inc., 2000 Auburn Drive, One Chagrin Highlands, Suite 200, Beachwood, OH, USA; E-Mail: geriatrics@lidsen.comOBM Geriatrics 2022, volume 6, issue 2 doi:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2202199Received: June 01, 2022Accepted: June 02, 2022Published: June 09, 2022

731 5414

Open Access Review

Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Elderly: A Review

Received: 28 February 2022;  Published: 19 May 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2202198

Abstract

The omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 LC-PUFAs) family includes eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA). Although seafood is the richest source of omega-3 LC-PUFAs, because diet alone is often insufficient in older people, they may require food supplements and enriched food as sources of omega-3 LC-PUFAs. It has been reported that long-term intake of 3-5 g/d EPA + DHA as supplements is safe for adults; omega-3 LC-PUFAs exert cardio-metabolic pro [...]

1813 17938

Open Access Review

Take a Seat for Yoga with Seniors: A Scoping Review

Received: 07 October 2021;  Published: 16 May 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2202197

Abstract

Chair yoga is a specific form of yoga practiced while seated on a chair, or standing using a chair for support; this adaptation allows those with impaired standing ability to practice safely. The purpose of this scoping review was to analyze the published literature regarding the use of chair/adapted yoga with older adults. Two researchers performed the review. Data sources: PubMed Central, CINAHL, Medline Full Text, Nursing and Allied Health, SPORT discus and TRIP were accessed. Study selection: Inclusion criteria [...]

1754 20710

Open Access Research Article

Mammalian MutY Homolog (MYH or MUTYH) is Critical for Telomere Integrity under Oxidative Stress

Received: 22 July 2021;  Published: 02 April 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2202196

Abstract

Telomeres consist of special features and proteins to protect the ends of each chromosome from deterioration and fusion. The telomeric DNA repeats are highly susceptible to oxidative damage that can accelerate telomere shortening and affect telomere integrity. Several DNA repair factors including MYH/MUTYH DNA glycosylase, its interacting partners Rad9/Rad1/Hus1 checkpoint clamp, and SIRT6 aging regulator, are associated with the telomeres. MYH prevents C:G to A:T mutation by removing adenine mispaired with a frequ [...]

2206 11769

Open Access Review

Living in an Age of Longevity: Enduring Insights and Perspectives for Embarking on a Quest for Health and Well-Being in Later Life

Received: 01 August 2021;  Published: 15 March 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201195

Abstract

While increases in life expectancy along with extended longevity can be seen as a success story, there remains the central issue surrounding the health and quality of life for increasing numbers of older people. As populations live longer the idea that older people should be empowered to remain active and productive citizens will be paramount. Questions concerning the meaningfulness, purpose and desirability of living longer present an existential challenge for all and sundry. It is clear, that the speed of populat [...]

1635 12714

Open Access Original Research

Left Atrial Systolic Force in Hypertensive Patients with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: A Predictor of Incident Atrial Fibrillation. The LIFE Study

Received: 20 December 2021;  Published: 09 March 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201194

Abstract

It remains unknown whether left atrial systolic force (LASF), a measure of left atrial function, can be used as a predictor of new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF). Furthermore, the effect of the treatment with atenolol and losartan on LASF is unclear. A total of 758 patients without atrial fibrillation at baseline were enrolled from the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint (LIFE) reduction in hypertension echocardiography sub-study. Participants of the LIFE study were randomized to either atenolol-or losartan-based [...]

1311 8462

Open Access Original Research

The CITIDEMAGE Study: Combined Treatment with a Cholinergic Precursor in Dementia Patients

Received: 12 September 2021;  Published: 08 March 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201193

Abstract

Certain previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of the addition of citicoline, a cholinergic precursor, to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AchEIs) or memantine in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study showed the effectiveness of oral citicoline plus AchEIs plus memantine in outpatients with AD. This was a retrospective case-control study involving 169 patients aged 65 years old or older having AD (mean age: 78.7 ±4.9 years). In addition, 84 patients were treated with AchEIs plus [...]

2086 14143

Open Access Original Research

The Role of General Medicine in the Evaluation of Frailty in the Elderly Population: Definition of a Standardized Instrument for the Correct Framing of Frailty and Comparison with Currently Existing Instruments for Stratification of Clinical Risk

Received: 08 September 2021;  Published: 04 March 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201192

Abstract

Frailty is a chronic condition that increases the vulnerability to stressogenic factors and prevents the patient from returning to the preceding condition of homeostasis. This increases the risk of negative outcomes and progressively brings the patient toward disability, leading to higher use of healthcare resources. Clinical risk stratification systems can generally be useful for identifying frail patients from the standpoint of a healthcare system, though General Practitioners (GPs) assume a key and irreplaceable [...]

1383 8281

Open Access Review

Kampo Medicine for Older People: A Review

Received: 12 January 2022;  Published: 28 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201191

Abstract

Several countries have entered the super-aging era. In Japan, the recently reported average life expectancy is approximately 90 years. Kampo medicine (a form of traditional Japanese medicine) is a part of the official medical service in Japan and is widely used for treating various illnesses of older people. However, although general physicians often prescribe Kampo preparations, most Japanese general physicians do not have an intimate understanding of the iatrology of Kampo. Kampo is based on traditional Chinese m [...]

1791 19018

Open Access Research Article

Factors Determining Subjective Health Perception Among Middle-and Upper-Middle Aged Individuals

Received: 15 October 2021;  Published: 24 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201190

Abstract

In the present study, we identified the factors of cognitive and physical performances predicting self-rated health perception (SRH) using an SRH questionnaire in 660 (298 men and 362 women) upper-middle-aged community dwellers. In addition, neuropsychological test battery and physical ability tests were applied. A multiple regression analysis was conducted using the forced entry method; digit cancellation test (D-CAT1), logical memory test, verbal fluency test, back strength, timed-up and-go (TUG), balancing test, [...]

1509 9031

Open Access Original Research

A Point System Table to Estimate the Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Hypertension and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: The LIFE Study

Received: 30 December 2021;  Published: 24 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201189

Abstract

We aimed to assess some readily available patient characteristics such as urinary albumin excretion as predictors of a primary composite event of myocardial infarction, cerebral stroke, and cardiovascular death among patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy, and develop risk algorithms for the outcomes. A “Cox proportional hazards” model identified the baseline variables that significantly affected the occurrence of the composite endpoint in 9193 elderly hypertensive patients with lef [...]

1244 8827

Open Access Original Research

Cognitive and Physical Indicators of Gait Speed in the Community-dwelling Older Adult

Received: 16 November 2021;  Published: 15 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201188

Abstract

Gait speed has been correlated to quality of life and has been called the sixth vital sign. The purpose of this study was to understand the factors that comprise fast and comfortable gait speed. 90 older adults provided demographic, cognitive, and functional performance data. Hierarchical linear regression models revealed predictors for comfortable gait speed to be lower-extremity strength ( B = 1.13, β = 0.233, P< .05), comorbid health ( B = −2.95, β = −0.22, P < 0.05), and gender( B = [...]

1438 15702

Open Access Short Report

The COVID-19 Geropsychiatry Rounds: A Curriculum for Healthcare Providers

Received: 26 November 2021;  Published: 24 January 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201187

Abstract

Older adults’ mental health needs significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Geriatric psychiatry is an area of extreme workforce shortage globally. A novel curriculum was developed to educate healthcare providers on COVID-19-related geriatric and geropsychiatry topics. Monthly lectures were presented from November 2020 to June 2021. Evaluations were collected after each lecture via an anonymous survey. Overall lecture quality and relevance for the participants’ clinical practices were rated on a 1-3 Lik [...]

1333 8704

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgement to Reviewers of OBM Geriatrics in 2021

Received: 06 January 2022;  Published: 06 January 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201186

Abstract

The editors of OBM Geriatrics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2021. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next LIDSEN publication and can download a certificate of recognition [...]

1106 6804

Open Access Original Research

Adjustment for Covariates of Major Depressive Episodes among Men and Women Aged 65 Years Old and Older

Received: 17 August 2021;  Published: 22 December 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2104185

Abstract

The current study aimed to examine if sex can significantly predict risk for lifetime major depressive episodes among adults aged 65 and older with and without adjustment for covariate variables of race, education, marital status, health, and poverty. Secondary data was obtained from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health public-use data file to achieve study goals. The study participants were males and females aged 65 years or older. The unweighted sample included 3,969 adults aged 65 years or older, represent [...]

1381 9917

Open Access Research Article

The Safety of Oral Telomerase Activator in UV-Induced Skin Cancer with A Review of Telomerase in Aging and Skin Carcinogenesis

Received: 29 July 2021;  Published: 13 December 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2104184

Abstract

The supplement telomerase activator TA-65 (purified from Astragalus membranaceus) has been shown to retard cellular senescence, boost the aging immune system, and retard age-related symptoms. Lengthened telomeres retard aging, but because cancers often maintain longevity by lengthening telomeres, dietary telomerase activator might possibly increase tumorigenesis. This study investigated whether oral TA-65 effects the timing of onset and/or the incidence of skin cancers induced by UVB-irradiation and whether that po [...]

1302 20331

Open Access Original Research

Cisplatin-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Elderly Patients with Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Is It Feasible?

Received: 23 July 2021;  Published: 08 November 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2104183

Abstract

Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (C-NAC) has been the standard of care in localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, the feasibility and benefit of C-NAC in elderly patients remain uncertain since this population has always been underrepresented in pivotal trials and is often barred from chemotherapy in routine practice because of their perceived frailty. Therefore, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of C-NAC in elderly patients with MIBS, we retrospectively reviewed the medical files of [...]

1127 9012

Open Access Original Research

Men's Bones Matter Too, a Cross Sectional Study Examining Bone Health among Men with Intellectual Disability in Ireland.

Received: 23 June 2021;  Published: 08 November 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2104182

Abstract

Globally between 30-40% of all osteoporotic fractures occur among men, with a quarter of all hip fractures, the most serious complication of osteoporosis, occurring in men. Among men of 50 years of age or older, osteoporotic fracture risk reaches an alarming 20%. What is of great concern is that associated mortality is greater among men when compared with women. For hip fractures specifically, mortality for men is two to three times that in women which may be attributed to the fact that osteoporosis is often consid [...]

1693 12056

Open Access Review

An Overview of Osteoporosis Management

Received: 28 June 2021;  Published: 19 October 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2104181

Abstract

Osteoporosis is one of the most common disorders around the world. Osteoporotic fracture especially hip fracture are associated with an increased mortality rate in elders. However, elders with osteoporosis or at high risk of fractures remain largely underdiagnosed and undertreated. The screening, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis must be improved to maintain pace with its fast-growing prevalence. This review will cover risk factors of osteoporosis, screening and diagnosis tools, newfound advancements, curren [...]

1614 13553

Open Access Research Article

Study of the Development of Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis upon Oxidative Stress using Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy

Received: 07 March 2021;  Published: 12 October 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2104180

Abstract

In the present study, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the formation and development of carotid artery atherosclerosis. The FTIR spectra showed that with the progression of atheromatic plaque formation, the collagen changed its native structure from ɑ-helix to random coil, amyloid, and cross-links. The infrared spectra and SEM analysis of carotid arteries showed that higher than 65% of the atheromatic plaque in patients with stenosis cons [...]

1286 10048

Open Access Research Article

Surgical Treatment of Zenker’s Diverticulum in Older Patients

Received: 26 October 2020;  Published: 18 August 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2103179

Abstract

Zenker’s diverticulum is a cause of benign dysphagia. The main symptoms include dysphagia and regurgitation and require diagnostics to exclude neoplastic disease. Surgical treatment is recommended for symptomatic patients. The methods of treatment include endoscopic and open transcervical techniques. Thirty-eight patients treated using the open technique between 2000 and 2020 were analyzed. Patients were qualified for the procedure after a complete diagnosis that excluded the neoplastic process. All patients were a [...]

1539 13296

Open Access Review

Diagnosis and Therapy of Atrial Fibrillation in Geriatric Patients

Received: 16 January 2021;  Published: 28 July 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2103178

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation is very common in most old patients who need an adapted therapy due to their comorbidities. Before initiating an antiarrhythmic therapy, possible adverse effects, especially iatrogenic proarrhythmia, and extracardiac side-effects, must be considered. In geriatric patients with atrial fibrillation, heart rate control is the most frequent therapy. Oral anticoagulation plays a vital role in the therapy, but anticoagulation in old patients, who had a bleeding or stroke event, is challenging. Availab [...]

1637 15307

Open Access Research Article

Effect of 12 Months of Oral Exercise on the Oral Function of Older Japanese Adults requiring Care

Received: 23 October 2020;  Published: 28 July 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2103177

Abstract

Objective: The present study aimed to elucidate the relationship between oral exercise and oral function among older adults requiring care in the nursing facilities of Japan. Methodology: The subjects were adults aged 65 years or above, requiring care and admitted to the nursing facilities for older adults in Japan. The subjects performed the assigned oral exercises, which included the exercises focused on the neck, shoulder, upper limbs, tongue, lips, cheek movement, vocalization, and deep breathing, in groups und [...]

1623 10620

Open Access Review

Regulation of Membrane Phospholipid Homeostasis in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Received: 21 December 2020;  Published: 21 July 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2103176

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a diverse group of neuropathological diseases that are currently incurable due to the irreversible neuronal loss. At the present rate of the world population growth, it is projected that the number of ND cases will double by the year of 2050. With treatments only available for symptom management and relief, disease prevention may yield significant benefits. Recently, there had been association drawn between the disruption of phospholipid (PL) homeostasis and the progression of N [...]

2252 15004

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