P17 - Articles - Open Access, Fast Publication, Free Publication, Timeliness, Ground-breaking research, Peer review, LIDSEN, Science Journal, Engineering Journal, Health Science Journal, Crossref Indexed, Google Scholar Indexed, Low APC, Original Research Articles

Table of Content

Open Access Original Research

Association between Liver Stiffness and Gastro-Esophageal Varices in Chronic Liver Diseases

HIrotaka Yamamoto ,

Maiko Kisino ,

Shunichi Nakamura and

Kastutoshi Tokushige

Received: 12 November 2018; Published: 27 December 2018; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1804012

Abstract

Objective: Elastography is a non-invasive examination method that can estimate the extent of liver fibrosis, measured as liver stiffness (LS). We examined the relationship between gastro-esophageal varices and the LS and how to predict esophageal varices and varices bleeding by LS. Methods: From 2014 to 2016, we conducted a retrospective study of 138 subjects, all of whom were patients with chronic liver disease, including NAFLD, alcoholic liver disease, primary biliary cholangitis, viral hepatitis, and others. LS [...]

1223 6462

Open Access Original Research

Taste Impairment and Compliance Improvement of Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

Atsushi Naganuma ,

Satoru Kakizaki ,

Takashi Hoshino ,

Toshiyuki Tanaka ,

Tetsushi Ogawa ,

Shuya Sawada ,

Satomi Adachi ,

Yusuke Ogawa ,

Toyoshi Sasaki ,

Ken Sato ,

Hitoshi Takagi and

Toshio Uraoka

Received: 25 September 2018; Published: 26 December 2018; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1804011

Abstract

Background: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are nutrients with a bitter taste, which causes low compliance in patients who need BCAA supplementation. Moreover, chronic liver disease is frequently complicated by taste impairment. The present study was designed to improve patient noncompliance regarding nutrients in liver disease. Methods: A taste questionnaire was administered to healthy controls, chronic hepatitis patients, and cirrhotic patients. Eleven different flavored powders that can be added to BCAA nutri [...]

1253 5573

Open Access Communication

Gut Microbes and Pathophysiology of Sepsis: Spillage of Gut Microbial Products, rather than Systemic Dissemination of Gut Microbes, is the Potential Initiator of Septic Morbidity

Amale Laouar

Received: 22 July 2018; Published: 09 September 2018; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1803010

Abstract

Gut microbes and pathophysiology of sepsis: Spillage of gut microbial products, rather than systemic dissemination of gut microbes, is the potential initiator of septic morbidity

1179 5755

Open Access Case Report

An Unusual Case of Signet Ring Cell Cholangiocarcinoma: Case Report and a Review of Literature

Shechter Yonat ,

Dagan Amir ,

Ben-Haim Menachem ,

Bar-Ziv Yaakov ,

Brazovsky Eliyau ,

Shteingart Shimon ,

Dancour Alian ,

Paz Kalman and

Lurie Yoav

Received: 17 February 2018; Published: 01 September 2018; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1803009

Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma is an uncommon adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis. Signet ring cell cholangiocarcinoma is an extremely rare disease, with only 11 cases reported to date. However, its incidence is increasing. Similarly, there is an increasing incidence of other SRC tumors (colon, gastric etc.) as well. Most cases have described a localized mass of signet ring cells, mostly in the common bile duct. A 69-year-old Caucasian man admitted for jaundice and abdominal pain that began 3 days prior to his hospitalization. [...]

1168 6741

Open Access Original Research

Peptides Obtained by Enzymatic Decomposition of Mackerel Prevent Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Sprague-Dawley Rats fed a High-fat and High-cholesterol Diet

Katsuhisa Omagari ,

Ayumi Fukuda ,

Machiko Suga ,

Ayumi Ogata ,

Shinta Nishioka ,

Kazuhito Suruga ,

Mayuko Ichimura and

Koichi Tsuneyama

Received: 09 April 2018; Published: 03 August 2018; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1803008

Abstract

Background: The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is thought to be multifactorial, and oxidative stress may play an important role in the development of NASH. Peptides obtained by enzymatic decomposition of mackerel (EMP) including selenoneine were recently reported to possess antioxidative activity. Thus, EMP can be a candidate dietary strategy for the prevention of NASH. [...]

1272 6459

Open Access Review

Models for Predicting Risk of Acute Kidney Injury after Liver Surgery

Habibur P. Rahman ,

DaiRicky H Bhogal and

Patricia F. Lalor

Received: 05 February 2018; Published: 16 May 2018; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1802007

Abstract

Background & Aims. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of liver surgery and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The incidence of AKI following hepatic surgery can be as high as 94%, with highest rates seen following orthotopic liver transplantation, particularly when extended criteria grafts are used. Strategies to identify patients at risk of AKI may enable early interventions to prevent or minimise AKI. Methods. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Medline, Cochrane and [...]

1409 6298

Open Access Original Research

Misinterpretation or Underestimation of the Appearance, Location, or Size of Non-bleeding Visible Vessels (Forrest Class IIa) as a Cause of Hemostasis Failure

Hidehiro Kamezaki ,

Dai Sakamoto ,

Daiki Okamura ,

Koji Nakagawa and

Naoya Kato

Received: 10 December 2017; Published: 14 March 2018; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1801006

Abstract

(1) Background: Endoscopy has become the primary diagnostic and treatment technique for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Despite advancements in therapeutic methods and instrumentation, endoscopic hemostatic failure occurs in 10% of patients. This study aimed to analyze endoscopic findings in patients with failed hemostasis and to elucidate strategies for endoscopists and gastroenterologists to facilitate improved treatment outcomes. (2) Methods: A total of 128 patients received hemostatic treatment fo [...]

1338 8936

Open Access Editorial

Anemia during Direct-Acting Antiviral Regimens in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Hepatitis C

Tatsuo+ Kanda ,

Shunichi Matsuoka and

Mitsuhiko Moriyama

Received: 18 October 2017; Published: 29 October 2017; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1704005

Abstract

(This is review and no abstract)

1264 5334

Open Access Case Report

Successful Treatment of a Pregnant Woman with Chronic Active Hepatitis B using Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate

Koji Takahashi ,

Tatsuo Kanda ,

Yuki Haga ,

Reina Sasaki ,

Masato Nakamura ,

Shuang Wu ,

Shin Yasui ,

Hidehiro Kamezaki and

Osamu Yokosuka

Received: 23 June 2017; Published: 27 July 2017; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1703004

Abstract

(1) Background: Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection during pregnancy occasionally raises concerns, including acute exacerbation and the potential for mother-to-child transmission. (2) Case Report: Here, we present a case of a female patient with a chronic HBV infection who was treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and had a normal pregnancy and delivery. Furthermore, the use of TDF, HBV vaccination and passive immunization of her child with hyperimmune hepatitis B immunoglobulin successfully [...]

943 5863

Open Access Original Research

IFN-Based and IFN-Free Direct-Acting Antiviral Drug Treatments for Acquired Hepatitis C Virus in Post-Transplant Recipients

Tomomi Kogiso ,

Mutsuki Kobayashi ,

Kuniko Yamamoto ,

Yuichi Ikarashi ,

Kazuhisa Kodama ,

Makiko Taniai ,

Nobuyuki Torii ,

Kazunari Tanabe ,

Hideki Ishida ,

Shohei Fuchinoue ,

Hiroto Egawa ,

Masakazu Yamamoto ,

Etsuko Hashimoto and

Katsutoshi Tokushige

Received: 08 February 2017; Published: 06 April 2017; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1702003

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection frequently occurs in recipients of liver or kidney transplants (LT/KT). Interferon (IFN)-based therapies are used to treat HCV, but their efficacy is low. Methods: We report 24 patients who received HCV therapy after LT/KT. Design, Setting, and Participants-Twelve LT and 12 KT recipients (median age, 59 years; 15 males; 21 serological type 1) were enrolled, of whom eight (six with LT) were treated with IFN-based therapy. Twelve received direct-acting antiviral drugs [ [...]

1047 6693

Open Access Editorial

Response-Guided Treatment with an Ultrarapid Virological Response Creates the Future of Interferon-Free Treatment against Hepatitis C

Tatsuo Kanda and

Osamu Yokosuka

Received: 22 January 2017; Published: 03 February 2017; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1701002

1034 4892

Open Access Case Report

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia Suspected Due to Low-Dosage Prednisolone Treatment for Acute Autoimmune Hepatitis: Case Report and Literature Review

Hidehiro Kamezaki ,

Tatsuo Kanda ,

Osamu Yokosuka ,

Yasunori Kasahara and

Takayuki Sakurai

Received: 16 November 2016; Published: 21 January 2017; doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1701001

Abstract

(1) Background: Preventative treatment for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) has been recommended for patients receiving ≥20 mg/day prednisolone. We describe a patient who developed PCP while receiving a dose of 15 mg/day prednisolone, and consider criteria for the initiation of preventative therapy for PCP in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) treated with prednisolone. (2) Case Report: A 71-year-old woman initially possessed dark-colored urine, white stool, and decreased appetite, which indicated hepat [...]

1225 7822

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgment to Reviewers of OBM Geriatrics in 2025

OBM Geriatrics Editorial Office

Received: 03 January 2026; Published: 04 January 2026; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2601333

Abstract

The editors of OBM Geriatrics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2025. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the Web of S [...]

137 342

Open Access Original Research

Psychometric Properties of a Scale to Measure Family Inclusion in Mexican Adults

María Montero-López Lena ,

Livia Sánchez Carrasco and

Montserrat Celdrán Castro

Received: 20 June 2025; Published: 17 December 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2504332

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Family Inclusion Scale (FIS) for administration to adults and older Mexican adults. To this end, a questionnaire was structured with scales to evaluate family inclusion, loneliness, and perceived stress; the last two scales were previously validated. The sample (n = 347) consisted of young university adults aged 20 to 24 years and their grandparents aged 60 years. The conceptual emphasis of the Family Inclusion Scale generated was the identification of [...]

154 530

Open Access Research Article

Opportunities, Dilemmas, and Limitations in Applying "Healthy Living" and "Aging in Place" in Designs for New Housing Concepts in Dutch Neighborhoods

Birgit M. Jürgenhake and

Leo M. Oorschot

Received: 23 March 2025; Published: 19 November 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2504331

Abstract

This article explores the ongoing work associated with the masterclasses "Towards an Inclusive Living Environment." It critically examines the concept of healthy living for all and aging in place by studying neighborhoods within Dutch cities. The article argues that creating inclusive, healthy environments fosters well-being and promotes a lifestyle of health and autonomy for all. Next to literature studies, we worked with our students in different neighborhoods of The Hague, conducting ethnographic research. Throu [...]

311 1804

Open Access Original Research

Barriers Encountered When Implementing a Community Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Program

Brandi M. Crowe ,

Karen Kemper and

Marieke Van Puymbroeck

Received: 11 June 2025; Published: 05 November 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2504330

Abstract

Falls and fall-related injuries are one of the leading causes of death among older adults aged 65+ in the United States. Americans’ life expectancy has increased and fall risk grows with age. While several evidence-based fall prevention programs are utilized to decrease fall risk among community-dwelling older adults, little research focuses on challenges or strategies related to sustained fall prevention program implementation. The purpose of this multi-method descriptive study was to assess fall risk outcome chan [...]

291 1447

Open Access Original Research

Power of Ikigai on Japanese Older Adults’ Well-Being

Yoko Kawamura

Received: 15 May 2025; Published: 30 October 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2504329

Abstract

In Japan, a super-aging society, the development of Ikigai is considered the key to extending healthy longevity in national policy. Thus, activities provided by local governments are designed to encourage Ikigai. At this point, Ikigai has developed its conceptual understanding, which includes its distinctiveness from life purposes and other closely related concepts. Empirical studies using developed measurements have shown that Ikigai has an impact on the mental and physical health of older adults across countries [...]

735 6204

Open Access Original Research

When the Psychological Weight of the Burden Affects the Physical Weight of Caregivers of Older Patients in a French Memory Hospital (Lille, France)

Dominique Huvent-Grelle ,

Victoire Leroy ,

Mikael Horvath ,

Laurence Grymonprez ,

David Faucomprez and

François Puisieux

Received: 23 May 2025; Published: 10 October 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2504328

Abstract

Caring for patients with neurocognitive disorders (NCD) can be challenging for caregivers, with the risk of malnutrition. Observational, retrospective, monocentric study carried out with patient-caregiver dyads admitted to the Memory Day Hospital of the Gerontology Center of the University Hospital of Lille over 6 months in 2023. Our objectives were to identify the socio-characteristics of caregivers who had recently experienced a variation in their weight, their degree of fatigue (using the Fatigue Numerical Ratin [...]

316 1606

Open Access Original Research

Annual Costs and Nursing Care Interventions to Prevent Falls Over 1 Year in a Long Term Care Facility

Deanna Gray-Miceli ,

Jeannette Rogowski and

Sarah J. Ratcliffe

Received: 11 March 2025; Published: 16 September 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2503327

Abstract

Evidence shows the use of interventions to prevent falls are costly to healthcare facilities. Using a sample of older adult patients who fell at least once during the intervention year of a three-year cohort study in one long term care nursing facility, at a continuing care community providing skilled nursing and assisted living, we provide detailed evidence of the number and costs of durable medical equipment and number and type of non- durable medical nursing care interventions utilized to prevent subsequent fall [...]

456 2870

Open Access Original Research

Health Outcomes Associated with Community Senior Center Fitness Classes: Influence of Activity Type and Baseline Physical Activity Level

Serena A. Schade ,

Julia O’Hanlon and

Elizabeth Orsega-Smith

Received: 09 June 2025; Published: 12 September 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2503326

Abstract

Senior centers serve as community anchors for the approximately 57.8 million older adults in the U.S., offering a range of health promotion programs, including exercise classes. This study examined how the type of exercise programs at senior centers influences older adults’ health (mental, physical, and quality of life) and how baseline physical activity levels may influence these changes as part of a statewide health promotion program evaluation in senior centers in Delaware. The exercise programs offered were bas [...]

440 3084

Open Access Review

The Cellular Mechanism of Aging as Programmed Epigenetic Phenomenon: From Hypothesis to Scientific Evidence

Giacinto Libertini

Received: 04 December 2024; Published: 10 September 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2503325

Abstract

There is a main difference between theories explaining aging as an adaptive phenomenon that is determined and modulated by genes (i.e., the result of a specific “program”) and theories explaining aging as a non-adaptive phenomenon caused by the accumulation of random degenerative events. In fact, for adaptive theories, a genetically determined and modulated program determining aging is indispensable, while for non-adaptive theories, such a program cannot exist. However, there appears to be strong evidence to suppor [...]

829 3640

Open Access Review

The Role of Telomeres in Senescence, Aging and Disease: Fiction and Reality

Gabriele Saretzki

Received: 21 May 2025; Published: 09 September 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2503324

Abstract

Telomeres are repetitive structures at the ends of linear chromosomes. Due to incomplete DNA replication at the end of linear DNA molecules, the so called “end replication problem”, telomeres shorten consecutively during cell division. In addition, telomere sequences are highly susceptible to oxidative stress damaging telomeres and resulting in their dysfunction even in non-dividing cells. Telomere shortening has been identified as one of the underlying causes for replicative senescence that can also contribute to [...]

698 8325

Open Access Review

Medical Digital Technologies in Older Patients with Cardiac Disease Achievements and Drawbacks

Giuseppe Cocco ,

Hans Peter Hofmann and

Stefano Pandolfi

Received: 17 February 2025; Published: 09 September 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2503323

Abstract

Older adults are a growing population characterized by a high prevalence of multimorbidity and age-related conditions, such as organ and pharmacokinetic dysfunction. Medical digital technologies have emerged through the combined use of wearable, implantable, and insertable medical devices with digital systems. Gerontology aims to help older patients with disabilities utilize these technologies. These technologies are used in high-tech medical centers, particularly among older cardiac patients. Many cardiac societie [...]

403 2374

Open Access Case Report

Feasibility and Physiological Effects of a Home-Based Swallow Exercise Program Using sEMG Biofeedback in Prefrail Older Adults: A Case Series

Ali Barikroo and

Alyssa Zinser

Received: 28 April 2025; Published: 13 August 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2503322

Abstract

Age-related decline in swallowing function increases the risk of dysphagia in older adults. Strengthening the muscles involved in swallowing through proactive training may help prevent such decline, particularly in prefrail individuals. This case series evaluated the feasibility and physiological effects of a home-based effortful swallow training program in three prefrail older adults without swallowing impairments. The intervention used a wearable surface electromyography biofeedback device (Mobili-T®) to provide [...]

535 4151

Open Access Original Research

Transforming Community Strategy from Population Health to Quality Aging — The Role of Digital Technologies

Mohan Tanniru and

Amanda Sokan

Received: 03 March 2025; Published: 11 August 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2503321

Abstract

Aging is a multifaceted journey shaped by diverse life-course experiences, which contribute both to the challenges populations face in achieving their health goals and to the competencies they can bring to sustain health and aging. Community strategies designed to support population health—by leveraging technology and external partners—require transformation to effectively extend their focus to aging-related goals. In this paper, we adopt a service lens to examine how these community strategies, which co-produce pr [...]

554 4351

Open Access Short Review

Maximal 4-Second Cycle Accelerations Attenuate Sarcopenia and Improve Cardiovascular Function in Older Adults

Edward F. Coyle

Received: 20 February 2025; Published: 08 August 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2503320

Abstract

The shrinkage of muscles with age, beginning at 30 y and accelerating in old age, is due largely to atrophy of fast-twitch muscle fibers (FT) partly from disuse. It was our purpose to develop an exercise program that is effective and time efficient at stimulating FT, as well as slow-twitch fibers (ST), to offset their atrophy. FT are recruited during movements requiring very high force and/or high velocity. We developed a safe exercise cycle that allows a person to ‘accelerate’ with the maximal effort needed to rec [...]

506 3060

Open Access Original Research

“At My Age, Its Perhaps the End of My Walking or the End of a Lot of My Life”: A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of a Serious Fall to Independent Older Adults

Deanna Gray-Miceli

Received: 04 February 2025; Published: 01 August 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2503319

Abstract

The purpose of this original research was to describe the lived experience and meaning of a serious fall to independently residing older adults. A qualitative phenomenological approach was utilized with a purposive sample of 19, independent, high-level functioning older adult residents of a Continuing Care Retirement Community to describe their most serious fall and its personal meaning. Traced through multiple data sources, interpretive analysis of the language expressed by older adults were integrated to support [...]

430 3005

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Dr. Pietro Gareri

OBM Geriatrics Editorial Office

Received: 02 July 2025; Published: 02 July 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2503318

387 2089

Open Access Review

Fall Prevention Knowledge and Attitude Tests-Surveys Used by Staff and Nurses: A Systematic Review of Current Literature

Sanaz Taherzadeh ,

Deanna Gray-Miceli ,

Ksenia Zukowsky ,

Kathy Gray and

Sarah J. Ratcliffe

Received: 01 February 2025; Published: 26 June 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502317

Abstract

Falls are a serious global public health issue affecting individuals of all ages, resulting in serious injuries, fatalities, and extended hospital stays. While knowledge and attitude of healthcare staff toward fall prevention are understood to impact patient safety, less well known are the type and content of fall prevention surveys used to identify nurses’ knowledge of fall prevention. Until now, no study has systematically reviewed the universe of existing tests, surveys, and programs used to assess fall pr [...]

791 7097

Open Access Original Research

Dependence Levels and Oral Functionality in Older People

Alicia Morales ,

Vania Cataldo ,

Diego Berrios ,

Ana Beatriz ,

Karen Danke ,

Gisela Jara ,

Fabiola Werlinger ,

Mauricio Baeza ,

Viviana García Ubillo and

Jorge Gamonal

Received: 03 November 2024; Published: 11 June 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502316

Abstract

It has been suggested that an individual's overall functional capacity gradually declines with age. It has been reported that a decline in oral functionality increases the risk of sarcopenia and frailty, which contributes to the decrease in functional capacity. In Chile, the Preventive Medical Examination for Older Adults (EMPAM) is used to assess the functionality of that population; however, this examination does not include an evaluation of oral functionality. To address this gap, the Preventive Dental Examinati [...]

648 3187

Open Access Review

Locked Plating Versus Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing in The Surgical Fixation of Periprosthetic Supra-condylar Knee Fractures: An Updated Systematic and Meta-Analysis Review

Ahmad Abdallatif and

Sherif Isaac

Received: 25 November 2024; Published: 02 June 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502315

Abstract

Meta-analysist to evaluate impact of Surgical Methods on Outcomes in periprosthetic supracondylar knee fracture management. This study examines the rate of functional outcomes and complications associated with two distinct surgical methods for the management of periprosthetic supracondylar knee fractures in patients treated with Low Contact Locking Plates (LCP) and Retrograde Intramedullary Nails (RIMN). With the growing prevalence of total knee replacements, the incidence of periprosthetic supracondylar knee fract [...]

598 5963

Open Access Review

Overview of Practical Applications of Healthcare Ethics for Older Adults

Maggi A Budd and

Michelle E Mlinac

Received: 30 January 2025; Published: 30 May 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502314

Abstract

Identifying and addressing ethical issues in the care of older adults can be complex and challenging in clinical settings. This article reviews specific ethical principles including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, dignity, and justice, and explores them in the context of interprofessional geriatric care. Situations and related ethical components such as treatment in intensive care units, end-of-life care, dementia care, and aging with advancing technology are included. Case scenarios for each principle or s [...]

1909 15884

Open Access Case Report

An Unusual Presentation of Pleural Effusion in an Elderly Woman Post-COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Lucy Keers ,

Claudia Lee ,

Samara White and

Tammie Lee Demler

Received: 18 February 2025; Published: 29 May 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502313

Abstract

Pleural effusions are defined as accumulations of fluid in the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs. They are often secondary outcomes of underlying conditions, such as congestive heart failure, malignancy, or pneumonia. Acute cases of COVID-19 pneumonia have been linked to episodes of pleural effusion, but these cases are often rare. In this report, we analyze a case of pleural effusion in a 71-year-old female patient who had been declining after a recent COVID-19 infection and later died in the hospital. It is no [...]

660 4530

Open Access Case Report

Best Care for the Dying, Right Plan at the Right Time: A Case Report

Ana Santos ,

Elsa Abreu ,

Márcia Assunção ,

Catarina Simões and

Rita Figueiredo

Received: 31 January 2025; Published: 28 May 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502312

Abstract

The growing number of individuals with palliative care needs has led to an increased demand for specialized palliative care teams.. However, these teams often struggle to meet the demand, requiring all nurses to recognize and provide appropriate care during a patient’s last hours and days of life (LHDL). This case report aims to highlight the importance of identifying the LHDL and implementing individualized and adjusted care plans based on the 10/40 model of care. A descriptive-reflective case report following the [...]

622 3495

Open Access Original Research

Using a Gamification Approach to Enhance Continued Use of Assistive Technology Intervention in Persons Living with Dementia

Brittany Montgomery ,

Calvin Mammen and

Matt Golden

Received: 18 October 2024; Published: 09 May 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502311

Abstract

Assistive technology (AT) interventions have shown promising results in supporting cognitive, social, and physical activities in persons living with dementia (PLWD) and their caregivers. Despite strong evidence of the effectiveness of AT, PLWD and their caregivers can disengage with the technology after it is used for a time – i.e., the “stickiness challenge”. Diminished use of AT reduces the opportunity for it to have optimal impact. We asked whether the opportunity to engage in cognitive games may enhance continu [...]

821 4876

Open Access Interview

An Interview with Prof. Dr. Roy G. Beran

OBM Geriatrics Editorial Office

Received: 27 April 2025; Published: 28 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502310

488 2493

Open Access Review

Dysphagia in the Elderly, A Tough Issue to Swallow

Adam Spandorfer ,

Katelyn Stuart ,

Judy Daboul ,

Gavisha Waidyaratne and

Subhankar Chakraborty

Received: 12 December 2024; Published: 28 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502309

Abstract

Dysphagia in the geriatric population, age 65 or older, is increasingly common and a growing concern among healthcare providers. Not only can it critically impact quality of life, but it can also lead to clinically significant malnutrition, hospitalizations, increased length of stays, and has been shown to impact mortality. A multi-disciplinary approach to assess oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal etiologies is key to guiding targeted management, which can include behavioral modifications, medications, and endoscopic [...]

2920 17709

Open Access Review

Rejuvenating the Skin: The Role of Macro and Microalgae in Preventing Aging

M. Lourdes Mourelle and

Leonel Pereira

Received: 26 January 2025; Published: 17 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502308

Abstract

The increasing consumer demand for cosmetic products has led to the widespread use of synthetic substances, which are inexpensive and readily available but can sometimes harm the skin and body. Examples include hydroxybenzoic acid esters (parabens) and phthalates, which are considered endocrine disruptors, and synthetic fragrances that may cause irritation or allergies. Consequently, there has been a shift in consumer preferences towards natural cosmetic products. In response to this demand and the expanding market [...]

797 7674

Open Access Review

Advancing Single-Cell Detection of Senescent Cells: Laboratory Methods and Clinical Applications

Stefan Hardy Lung and

Thomas Lung

Received: 30 November 2024; Published: 14 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502307

Abstract

Cellular senescence (aging) is a physiological process that plays a role in tissue remodeling, wound healing, and embryogenesis. Prolonged senescence of cells can have detrimental effects and trigger a secretory phenotype (SASP, senescence-associated secretory phenotype), degenerative disorders, cancer, and age-related diseases. Suitable biomarkers and a range of different laboratory methods are used to investigate these complex relationships in vitro and in vivo. Since a universal biomarker for cell senescence has [...]

1046 8414

Open Access Original Research

Experiences and Support Needs of Informal Caregivers in Managing Behavioral Symptom of Dementia

Modupe Akintomide ,

Xinyue Zhang ,

Lota Iwuagwu and

Mary Ramos

Received: 03 October 2024; Published: 10 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502306

Abstract

About 90% of people living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias experience behavioral and psychological symptoms during the course of the disorder. Although extensive research exists on the roles of informal caregivers in dementia care, their abilities to manage behavioral symptoms and the resources they turn to for support remain understudied. This phenomenological study explored informal caregivers' experience, knowledge sources, and self-initiated strategies for managing behavioral symptoms of dementia [...]

788 4194

Open Access Original Research

Moldavian Dragonhead Extract: A Natural Collagen-Booster to Target Skin Aging

Julia Baumann ,

Eva Bönzli ,

Franziska Wandrey and

Torsten Grothe

Received: 09 December 2024; Published: 03 April 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502305

Abstract

The complex process of skin aging results in noticeable changes, including decreased collagen content, reduced elasticity, and decreased hydration. Interventions to preserve or restore collagen, a key structural protein, may help counteract these signs. The concept of "beauty from within” through nutritional supplements is of growing interest, particularly the use of plant-based alternatives to animal-derived or synthetic collagen. This study investigated the anti-aging potential of an extract from Moldavian dragon [...]

836 9153

Open Access Concept Paper

Improving Outcomes in Elderly Patients with Ovarian and Pancreatic Cancer through Multimodal Prehabilitation

Jasmin Hundal and

Mariam AlHilli

Received: 19 August 2024; Published: 19 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501304

Abstract

Elderly patients with ovarian and pancreatic cancer frequently experience malnutrition and sarcopenia, which negatively impact treatment tolerance, functional outcomes, and survival. The increasing use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in this population necessitates structured interventions to mitigate these challenges. While prehabilitation has shown promise in enhancing treatment tolerance and quality of life, its role during chemotherapy remains underexplored. This prospective study evaluates the feasibility and impa [...]

755 4920

Open Access Original Research

A Pilot Study Testing the Clinical Congruency of Healthcare Providers to Use a Clinical Decision Support Tool to Assess Falls in Older Adults

Deanna Gray-Miceli and

Sarah J. Ratcliffe

Received: 30 January 2024; Published: 10 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501303

Abstract

This research sought to determine feasibility for RNs to use the Post Fall Index™ (PFI) and to determine if an RN could identify underlying causal event factors for falls, would it be congruent with other providers (advanced practice nurse [APN], physician [MD])? PFI data from 23 falling residents of a nursing home were compiled into clinical vignettes and reviewed by experts for underlying causal event factors/fall sub-types. RNs used the PFI for one month in practice. The RN generated the most diagnoses; pe [...]

525 3035

Open Access Original Research

Comparative Study on Mental Health Parameters among Yoga and Non-Yoga Practitioners in Older Adults Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic

Sudha Ramaprasad ,

Atmakur Snigdha ,

Nandi Krishnamurthy Manjunath and

Vijaya Majumdar

Received: 14 October 2024; Published: 03 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501302

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased stress and disrupted routines affecting the psycho-social health of older adults, a vulnerable section of the population. Yogic practices have shown the potential to reduce stress, inflammation, and psychological health among other benefits. Hence, we explored the benefits of regular yoga practice on specific key mental health attributes in older adults amidst the pandemic. Using a case-control design, older adults (n = 54) who had been regularly practising yoga for the past six [...]

628 4739

Open Access Original Research

Comparison of Muscle Damage Markers and Myokines between Adult and Middle-Aged Marathon Runners

Cesar Augustus Zocoler de Sousa ,

Ana Paula Renno Sierra ,

Giscard Humberto Oliveira Lima ,

Bryan Steve Martínez Galán ,

Hermes Vieira Barbeiro ,

Heraldo Possolo de Souza and

Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura

Received: 20 August 2024; Published: 28 February 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501301

Abstract

This study compared markers of muscle damage and myokines between adult and middle-aged runners before and after the marathon. Seventy-four male runners: 48 adults aged 30-44 years (AA group), and 26 middle-aged individuals aged 45-59 years (MA group) participated of the study. Blood samples were collected 24 hours before, immediately after, 24 hours and 72 hours after the marathon to measure skeletal and cardiac muscle damage markers (CK, LDH, troponin, and proBNP) and myokines (IL-6, IL-15, decorin, BDNF, GDF-15, [...]

696 4184

Open Access Research Article

Motivation to Cultivate Social Ties and Diurnal Cortisol: Testing the Mediating Effect of Social Embeddedness in Chinese Older Adults

Chuk Ling Julian Lai ,

Wei Yin and

Jianwei Shi

Received: 20 July 2024; Published: 02 March 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501300

Abstract

Based on a framework derived from theories of social integration and health, this study examined the relationships between motivation to cultivate social ties or network cultivation, and diurnal salivary cortisol in Chinese older adults. The main objective was to determine the behavioral mechanism that translated a higher motivation to cultivate social ties into healthier diurnal cortisol rhythms in 82 community-dwelling elders in Shanghai. Participants were provided four saliva samples immediately, 30 minutes, and [...]

620 3019

Open Access Review

Diabetes and Sarcopenia: Intersection of Co Morbid Conditions

Byron J. Hoogwerf

Received: 09 July 2024; Published: 20 February 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501299

Abstract

Sarcopenia is more common in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than in persons without diabetes. There is overlap of some pathophysiologic features of sarcopenia and T2DM. In addition, the risk for sarcopenia is associated with common complications of T2DM including renal disease, cardiovascular disease and neuropathy. Glycemic control in T2DM may have some benefits on sarcopenia. The specific effects of glucose lowering agents on sarcopenia suggest that metformin, insulin, thiazolidinediones and GLP1 re [...]

1080 6051

Open Access Case Report

Anticipatory Care Plan for End-Stage Chronic Kidney Patients – Case Report

Ana Marta Menezes ,

Dalila Silva ,

Catarina Simões and

Rita Figueiredo

Received: 29 October 2024; Published: 18 February 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501298

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease is characterized by progressive, persistent, and irreversible loss of kidney function, with a high prevalence and increasing trend in the population. An important observation, common to all recent studies, is the constant changes experienced by these individuals. Analytical changes, health status and the patient's preferences should be considered when planning anticipatory care at any phase of the disease. To comprehend the significance of the Anticipatory Care Plan for Patients with End-Stag [...]

640 3297

Open Access Review

Platelet Immune Interactions, Lifespan, and Senescence

Urs Nydegger and

Paul Imbach

Received: 18 July 2024; Published: 23 January 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501297

Abstract

In addition to their hemostatic functions, platelets play an essential role in immunologic interactions, which is confirmed by the observation of an increase in platelet counts in patients with immune-related thrombocytopenia and other autoimmune diseases after immunomodulatory treatment with intravenous human immunoglobulin concentrate. The mechanisms of action of this biological therapeutic option induce the development of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, agonists, and antagonists that target the complex pathop [...]

754 4234

Open Access Review

A Narrative Review of the Evidence Supporting Nutritional Supplementation for Better Muscle Health in Older Adults

Harnish P Patel ,

Faidra Laskou and

Elaine M Dennison

Received: 15 February 2024; Published: 23 January 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501296

Abstract

Sarcopenia is characterised by progressive and generalised decline in muscle strength, function, and muscle mass. Now recognised as a muscle disease, it is highly prevalent in older adults, with estimates of up to 30% in some populations. Sarcopenia has a complex multifactorial aetiology, including cellular and molecular changes, chronic disease, lower physical activity as well as nutritional deficiency. Sarcopenia is associated with a range of adverse physical and metabolic outcomes leading to disability, morbidit [...]

753 6776

Open Access Original Research

Intersectionality of Gender and Age as an Analytical Framework for Understanding Intimate Partner Violence Against Older Women in Colombia

Diana Viafara ,

Ana L. Jaramillo-Sierra and

Laura Sofía Vega-Plazas

Received: 15 June 2024; Published: 12 January 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501295

Abstract

This research article aims to address the critical gap in understanding intimate partner violence (IPV) among older women, particularly those over 60 years of age, in Colombian society. The study explores how IPV manifests during the later stages of life, providing insights specific to this age group. The research used qualitative methodology with 14 urban women who had experienced intimate partner violence in their later life. The study revealed that psychological violence was the most common type of abuse among o [...]

697 6025

Open Access Original Research

Opioid-Involved Elder Abuse in the United States: Perspectives from Adult Protective Services

Karen A. Roberto ,

Pamela B. Teaster and

Imogen Fua

Received: 23 August 2024; Published: 09 January 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501294

Abstract

The purpose of this descriptive study was to understand the nature, extent, and challenges confronted by APS programs in the United States in providing services to older clients affected by opioids. The study design involved a two-step process: Phase I involved telephone interviews with state-level Adult Protective Services administrators from 11 states considered to be “hot-bed states” for the opioid epidemic. Findings from the administrator interviews informed questions for Phase II telephone interviews with indi [...]

790 4247

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgement to Reviewers of OBM Geriatrics in 2024

OBM Geriatrics Editorial Office

Received: 02 January 2025; Published: 02 January 2025; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501293

Abstract

The editors of OBM Geriatrics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2024. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal’s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the Web of S [...]

416 2175

Open Access Research Article

How to Keep Doing What You Like Doing: A Qualitative Study of Active Older Adults’ Insights on the Facilitators and Barriers to Maintenance of Physical Activity (From the MOVEAGE-Act Project)

Aileen M. Lynch ,

Gabrielle McKee ,

Fintan Sheerin ,

Jean-Luc Bosson ,

Monique Epstein ,

Ariane Girault ,

Carole Rolland ,

Mary Harkin ,

Ciaran McKinney and

Pierre Gillois

Received: 05 June 2024; Published: 17 December 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2404292

Abstract

While the facilitators/barriers for the initiation of physical activity (PA) are well documented, there is less known about these facilitators/barriers for maintenance of PA in the older population in general and not following an intervention. This study aimed to explore older adults’ perspectives on the facilitators/barriers to maintaining PA. The study used descriptive qualitative design, with three focus groups, one in Ireland and two in France. Participants were community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years) 66% w [...]

668 5064

Open Access Review

A Conceptual Model of Dysphagia in Older Adults

Rebecca H. Affoo and

Ashwini Namasivayam-MacDonald

Received: 06 August 2024; Published: 09 December 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2404291

Abstract

A conceptual model was developed to create a basis for understanding the risk factors and outcomes associated with dysphagia and to hypothesize the nature of the relationship between certain factors. The conceptual model was developed by two academic speech-language pathologists with ≥10 years research and clinical experience in swallowing and dysphagia in older adults. A comprehensive review of English-language literature was conducted, and relevant, evidence-informed factors associated with dysphagia in older adu [...]

1458 9435

Open Access Review

Elder Abuse Around the World: An International Perspective

Mega Obukohwo Oyovwi and

Edarho Oghenevwede Oyovwi

Received: 08 May 2024; Published: 29 September 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2403290

Abstract

Elder abuse is a hidden epidemic, with millions of older adults experiencing physical, psychological, or financial harm each year. However, the true extent of the problem is unknown due to under-reporting and lack of reliable data. This paper aims to provide an international perspective on the hidden epidemic of elder abuse, exploring the prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of this global issue. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using multiple databases. Studies from various countries were [...]

1564 19262

Open Access Original Research

Exploring Caregiver Quality of Life in Dementia: The Role of Mealtime and Care Recipient Factors

David F. Bayne ,

Willow Keefe and

Samantha E. Shune

Received: 01 July 2024; Published: 28 September 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2403289

Abstract

Informal caregivers play a critical role in supporting individuals with dementia, yet often face significant challenges that impact their own quality of life (QoL). This exploratory study investigates the multifaceted factors contributing to caregiver QoL, particularly focusing on care recipient factors including dysphagia, dietary restriction, dementia severity, and care recipient QoL. A total of 24 informal caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) participated in an online survey assessing various factors believ [...]

745 4534

Open Access Case Report

Olanzapine-Induced Hypothermia: A Case Report in an Elderly Black Male Patient Diagnosed with Bipolar 1 Type Disorder

Tammie Lee Demler ,

Samantha Morales ,

Geoffrey Brown ,

Andrea Derosas and

Claudia Lee

Received: 18 March 2024; Published: 14 September 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2403288

Abstract

There are few reports that describe incidence of hypothermia in patients treated with olanzapine. We report a case of an elderly 83-year-old black male, readmitted to the state psychiatric hospital December 2023 due to psychiatric exacerbation after 6 months of successful discharge to community, who experienced a fall and profound hypothermia with bradycardia that resulted in a 10-day acute hospitalization in January 2024. Medical workup was unrevealing except for multivessel disease found on CT stroke study of the [...]

520 4657

Open Access Conference Report

Conference Report: Leveraging the Global Malnutrition Composite Score for Quality Improvement, Health Equity, and Better Patient Outcomes

Kristi R. Mitchell ,

Margaret Dittloff ,

Jasmine Larson and

Donna Belcher

Received: 10 April 2024; Published: 10 September 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2403287

Abstract

Effective January 2024, the United States Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) for the first time has included a nutrition-focused quality measure in the Hospital Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS) Inpatient Quality Reporting (IQR) Program: the Global Malnutrition Composite Score (GMCS). The GMCS is an electronic clinical quality measure (eCQM) that hospitals can choose to report voluntarily to meet the requirements for IPPS IQR payments. The GMCS can help improve hospital malnutrition care and h [...]

668 5984

Open Access Original Research

Exploring Older Adults' Perceptions of Stair Hazards and an m-health Fall Prevention App: A Focus Group Study

Amrin Ahmed ,

Alixe Ménard ,

Alison C Novak ,

Nancy Edwards and

Sarah Fraser

Received: 27 May 2024; Published: 28 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2403286

Abstract

Older adults are disproportionately susceptible to hospitalizations and fatalities due to stair-related falls. While many intrinsic risk factors, such as mobility and vision, may increase the likelihood of falls on stairs, features of the stairs that increase the risk of falls are understudied. This study aimed to capture older adults’ perspectives of stair falls, as well as introduce the Safer Steps app and explore its feasibility in this population. This m-health technology was designed to gather data on st [...]

1086 12490

Open Access Original Research

The Impact of Intergenerational Support on the Elderly’s Life Satisfaction in China: A Comparison of Males and Females 1

Jie Zhang ,

Jichao Wang ,

Jill M. Norvilitis and

Wanting Fang

Received: 11 March 2024; Published: 23 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2403285

Abstract

This paper examines whether different types of intergenerational support have different effects on life satisfaction among the elderly, and whether a gender difference exists in the effect of intergenerational support on the elderly’s life satisfaction. Data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS) were used for this study. The study sample consisted of 10,801 cases. A logit regression model was used for empirical verification. All types of intergenerational support were found to have effects on life [...]

1006 7589

Open Access Review

Yoga as a Potential Tool for Filling Implementation Gap in Promoting Better Mental Health in Geriatric Age Group at Global Level: A Scoping Review

Vikas Dhikav ,

Prerna Bhati ,

Pankaj Kumar and

Praveen Kumar Anand

Received: 18 June 2023; Published: 05 August 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2403284

Abstract

This scoping review aims to review the effectiveness of yoga as a complementary intervention for improving mental health outcomes in the geriatric population globally. Yoga is practiced by millions worldwide. Since practitioners of yoga claim to have calmer minds and better psychological and physical health, this topic needs to be reviewed at length. There is a considerable treatment gap worldwide in treating mental disorders, especially in old age, and there is a shortage of low-cost, feasible, and acceptable prev [...]

1071 6370

Open Access Case Report

End-of-Life Skin Changes: Make Sure You Know What They Mean, a Case Study

Elsa Abreu ,

Catarina Simões and

Rita Figueiredo

Received: 02 March 2024; Published: 31 July 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2403283

Abstract

Skin is the largest organ of the human body. Skin changes can result from natural ageing, as well as from acute or chronic diseases and failure of body systems. Various types of wounds are identified in Palliative Care, and terminal pressure ulcers are often incorrectly classified. This case study highlights the importance of recognizing skin ulcers in patients’ last hours and days of life as a diagnostic indicator for impending death. The first focus of nursing care was pain management and maintaining skin integri [...]

810 6064

Open Access Review

Practices Used in Health and Social Services for the Management of Mistreatment Situations towards Adults in a Context of Gender and Sexual Diversity: A Scoping Review

Mélanie Couture ,

Julien Gauthier-Mongeon ,

Pearce Simamonika ,

Rosalie Bernard ,

Kevin St-Martin ,

Rosalie Lacasse and

Sarita Israel

Received: 18 December 2023; Published: 17 July 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2403282

Abstract

Research indicates that adults in the context of gender and sexual diversity (GSD) experienced more violence and discrimination than the rest of the population. GSD refers to all the diversities of sexual characteristics, sexual orientations and gender identity of a person or a group. To encourage the use of evidence-based interventions in health and social services, it is important to extrapolate from the scientific literature how mistreatment situations are managed in this context. A scoping review was conducted [...]

1059 6428

Open Access Short Report

Integrating Palliative Medicine into Medical Education: Creating a More Compassionate Generation of Physicians

Regina M. Mackey ,

Macaila Eick ,

Sara Jacobsen ,

Abraham Labrada Satiago and

Maria I. Lapid

Received: 26 February 2024; Published: 01 July 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2403281

Abstract

How should Palliative Medicine competencies be taught to medical students? In the United States and other countries, there is a consensus that teaching Palliative Medicine competencies to medical students is essential. Health agencies have also identified teaching Palliative Medicine competencies as crucial. According to Sanchez-Reilly and Ross, medical students reported that they feel better prepared to care for the elderly, patients with severe illness, and dying patients after completing formal training. The aut [...]

706 4412

Open Access Original Research

The Multigenerational Legacy of Diabetes and Illness Perception: Influence on Older Adult’s Stigma

Melissa Scollan-Koliopoulos ,

Donna Naturale ,

Brynn Mahurter ,

Sara Curren and

Ryan J. Koliopoulos

Received: 03 February 2024; Published: 29 May 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2402280

Abstract

There is not enough information regarding the impact of stigma associated with a. diagnosis of diabetes in aging older adults. Perceptions of diabetes are passed down generationally and may be influenced by mainstream societal perceptions at the time the perception is shaped. This is known as a multigenerational legacy of diabetes for those with whom the perceptions are shaped within families when a hereditarily predisposed condition occurs. In this study, participants over the age of (n = 88) 60 years old were adm [...]

919 4890

Open Access Review

Exploration of Dementia Help Seeking Behaviours Amongst UK South Asian Communities: A Systematic Review

Shashya Wijesinghe and

Elizabeta B. Mukaetova-Ladinska

Received: 03 March 2024; Published: 10 May 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2402279

Abstract

In the UK, 25,000 people from ethnic minority background live with dementia. Although dementia associated risk factors are common amongst South Asians, they tend to present at services later and when in crisis. This review explores UK South Asian communities perception of dementia to understand factors impacting their decision to seek help. Search terms assisted by the PICO strategy were inputted into five databases and ten qualitative papers identified. Meta-ethnography methodological framework was implemented for [...]

1008 8669

Open Access Research Article

Characteristics of Elder Abuse Perpetrators by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity of the Abused: Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

Gloria Gutman ,

Mojgan Karbakhsh and

Heather Stewart

Received: 20 December 2023; Published: 16 April 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2402278

Abstract

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) older adults may be more vulnerable to elder abuse (EA) due to prior marginalization and trauma, lifelong discrimination, and health disparities. While characteristics of both victims and perpetrators can modify the risk for EA, few studies have focused on perpetrators. This study examined the number and type of perpetrator-victim relationships and perpetrator profiles for EA experienced in the prior year, by abuse type and sexual orientation and gender identity of the abused. Data [...]

974 7632

Open Access Review

Osteoporosis Etiology, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Diet, and Treatment: A Narrative Review

Behzad Foroutan

Received: 26 December 2022; Published: 09 April 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2402277

Abstract

This narrative review aimed to select, gather, and present inclusive evidence about osteoporosis etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, diet, and treatment. We searched PubMed and Google using these terms: osteoporosis AND etiology, osteoporosis AND epidemiology, osteoporosis AND diagnosis, osteoporosis AND diet, and osteoporosis AND treatment. Each title of the extracted manuscripts was read first. If deemed suitable, the abstracts of the manuscripts and text were read carefully. Afterward, the details of each term we [...]

2721 23852

Open Access Review

Andropause: A Neglected Disease Entity

Ayodeji Folorunsho Ajayi ,

Oluwole Tolulope David ,

Adelakun Ademola Ayodele ,

Ajayi Lydia Oluwatoyin ,

Oyowvi Mega Obukohwo ,

Oyedokun Precious ,

Akanbi Grace Bosede ,

Dare Sarah Nene and

Adeniran Adebola Magret

Received: 11 January 2024; Published: 03 April 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2402276

Abstract

This review aims to bring attention to the growing issue of andropause, a condition that affects men as they age. The literature was identified by searching the major bibliographic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Studies were included if they focused on strategies for reducing and preventing andropause, published between 1980 and 2023. Andropause, which is often overlooked and misconceived, is the result of a decrease in testosterone production and can result in p [...]

2202 65821

Open Access Perspective

Leveraging Existing Abilities in Dementia (LEAD™): Changing the Way Rehabilitation Professionals Care for Persons Living with Dementia

Nicole Dawson ,

Ashleigh Trapuzzano and

Katherine S. Judge

Received: 08 December 2023; Published: 03 April 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2402275

Abstract

Latest estimates indicate that 5-7% of the population are living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias worldwide with a doubling in incidence expected every 20 years. Rehabilitation professionals are challenged with the complex needs of these patients. It is commonly thought that patients with dementia do not benefit from rehabilitation because of cognitive decline, behaviors, lack of communication, or difficulties in learning; however, current literature indicates this is not accurate. With proper knowled [...]

1096 7012

Open Access Research Article

What Do We Know about an Invisible Issue? Results of a Scoping Review of Elder Abuse and Gender and Sexual Minorities

Jennifer Marchbank ,

KJ Reed ,

Claire Robson ,

Gloria Gutman and

Balbir Gurm

Received: 04 January 2024; Published: 18 March 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401274

Abstract

Elder abuse occurs to older adults who are members of gender and sexual minorities (GSM). Whilst most of that abuse is similar to that experienced by their heterosexual and cisgender peers GSM older adults face particular vulnerabilities due to their life experiences and changes. In this article we report on our findings from a literature search and knowledge synthesis, conducted as part of a larger project to inform Canadian policy makers working to eliminate gender and sexuality-based inequalities. The review inc [...]

1156 8269

Open Access Review

Impact of Sex and Gender Differences on Heart Failure, Especially in Elderly Patients

Giuseppe Cocco ,

Hans Peter Hofmann and

Stefano Pandolfi

Received: 27 December 2023; Published: 11 March 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401273

Abstract

Heart failure is one of the major health threats in Western societies, and its prevalence is steadily increasing. Many data show the important impact of sex (biological) and gender (sociocultural) differences on most aspects (diagnosis, etiology, treatments, and outcomes) of heart failure. For example, compared to men, women with heart failure are older, have more co-morbidities, and develop different phenotypes of heart failure. Postpartum cardiopathy is unique in women. The iatrogenic effects of cancer therapies [...]

1015 7163

Open Access Research Article

Resilience and Adaptability of Older Adults: Findings from the COVID-19 Impact Survey

Gohar Azhar ,

Melodee Harris ,

Laura Hays ,

Patricia Savary ,

Regina V. Gibson ,

James R Perry ,

Karen Coker ,

Amanda Pangle ,

Kenneth Alderson and

Jeanne Wei

Received: 08 January 2024; Published: 06 March 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401272

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic caused abrupt changes in daily routines, social connections, and ways of life. It is yet unknown the full impacts these extended changes have had on the long-term mental well-being of those who shared this global experience. As a contribution to our overall understanding of this phenomena, this study explored the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental well-being of older adults in the Southern United States. Secondary data analyses were performed using the COVID-19 Emotional Impact Sur [...]

965 6379

Open Access Review

Trajectories and Status of Transgender Elderly Across the World and in Spain: A Narrative Review

Marta Evelia Aparicio-García and

Roberto Andrés Lasso Báez

Received: 06 November 2023; Published: 27 February 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401271

Abstract

Older trans people have been largely unaddressed both in the context of the LGBTIQ+ community and in studies on geriatrics and aging. This literature review compiles up-to-date information on transgender elders, providing a summary of the Spanish historical context in which trans people have been raised, and analyzes the areas in which to center possible courses of action and research on a global scale. The themes tackled are the presence of victimization and violence; the effects of medical transition, taking into [...]

1255 9891

Open Access Commentary

Older LGBTQ People and Religious Abuse: Implications for the UK Regulation of Care Provision in Later Life

Sue Westwood ,

Trish Hafford-Letchfield and

Jemma James

Received: 16 October 2023; Published: 21 February 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401270

Abstract

Research suggests health, social care, and social work professionals who are highly religious, and adhere closely to traditional doctrine, are more likely to take a negative view of LGBTQ people. This includes those who provide services to older people. Negative attitudes towards lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and/or queer (LGBTQ) people can translate into poor care and even abuse. This commentary discusses recent literature on older LGBTQ people’s experiences of religious abuse. It highlights the concerns among man [...]

1104 9013

Open Access Short Communication

Good or Great: Which One Are You?

Tammy S. Martin

Received: 17 December 2023; Published: 19 February 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401269

Abstract

Clinicians caring for patients, especially those with chronic diseases or older adults, need to recognize the value of being able to transition away from aggressive care when appropriate and focus on a more palliative approach. Research has shown that patients want to have goals of care discussions and maintain autonomy at the end of life. These goals of care discussions can be challenging, and clinicians must prioritize and develop this skill in order to provide their patients with what they may need most. Being a [...]

825 4204

Open Access Short Communication

Mental Health among the Elderly in Nepal: Special Emphasis on Depression

Ajay Risal ,

Dipak Kunwar and

Barsha Shrestha

Received: 21 December 2023; Published: 08 February 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401268

Abstract

This paper discusses the impact of Depression on the aging population. It also tries to explore the psychosocial risk factors and burden associated with geriatric depression in low-and-middle-income (LAMI) countries. Nepal, a South Asian developing country, is resource-poor and research-naïve. Research, in general, and mental health studies, in particular, are the least prioritized in this country. The lack of culturally adapted psychiatric inventories is one of the possible reasons for the low number of mental hea [...]

1207 8034

Open Access Research Article

The Indigo Project: Participatory Action Research with Gender and Sexual Minority Survivors of Elder Abuse

Claire Robson ,

Jen Marchbank and

Gloria Gutman

Received: 27 November 2023; Published: 31 January 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401267

Abstract

Though research suggests that older adults belonging to gender and sexual minorities (GSM) are at greater risk of abuse and neglect, more needs to be done to investigate this situation, provide solid data, offer support to survivors and better inform those providing services. This article reports on a participatory action research project in which nine older adults with lived experience of abuse were interviewed, as were the seniors’ programmer from our community partner organization and a trauma counsellor who sup [...]

861 5965

Open Access Concept Paper

Using Elder Abuse Case Studies to Develop LGBTQ+ Cultural Competency

Loree Cook-Daniels

Received: 16 July 2023; Published: 15 January 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401266

Abstract

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) elders are vulnerable to both the “usual” types of elder abuse (physical, sexual, emotional, and financial abuse, along with neglect), and with abuse that is specific to the context and history of LGBTQ+ elders. Training for adult protective services, long-term care ombudsmen, and other professionals who work with abused elders therefore should include information and skill-building in responding to this population. Research into effective training about LGBTQ [...]

1258 7435

Open Access Editorial

Acknowledgement to Reviewers of OBM Geriatrics in 2023

OBM Geriatrics Editorial Office

Received: 03 January 2024; Published: 04 January 2024; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2401265

Abstract

The editors of OBM Geriatrics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2023. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal’s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the We [...]

578 3455

Open Access Original Research

Active Aging for L.I.F.E.: An Intergenerational Program for Addressing and Changing Attitudes Toward Longevity

Emily Roberts ,

Greg Clare ,

Mahendran Balasubramanian and

Quinn Button

Received: 19 July 2022; Published: 27 December 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304264

Abstract

The global population of adults 65 years of age and older will increase dramatically over the next several decades, presenting economic and social challenges requiring sustainable solutions. Aging is a process in which everyone is already involved, it is a lifelong experience not just a later life occurrence. Changing world demographics illustrate that people are living longer, among the world’s young people, survival to age 80 is expected to be commonplace. This new found “longevity dividend” needs to be maximized [...]

1191 10134

Open Access Original Research

Cell Level- Modeling of Aging and Rejuvenation

Andrey Koptyug ,

Yurij Sukhovei ,

Elena Kostolomova ,

Irina Unger and

Vladimir A. Kozlov

Received: 14 April 2023; Published: 22 December 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304263

Abstract

Understanding processes related to human aging and rejuvenation relies on experimental data and advanced models operating at different levels. There are several existing conceptual and specific modeling approaches. However, one of the existing tasks is compiling generic models linking properties at cell and cell-element levels to properties at systemic levels - tissue, organ, and whole body. One of the critical issues in the relevant models is the enormity of interacting components at the cell and sub-cell levels n [...]

1131 7523

Open Access Review

AI-Powered Solutions to Support Informal Caregivers in Their Decision-Making: A Systematic Review of the Literature 1

Frida Milella ,

Davide Donato Russo and

Stefania Bandini

Received: 15 October 2023; Published: 15 December 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304262

Abstract

Due to aging demographics, prolonged life expectancy, and chronic diseases, European societies' increasing need for care services has led to a shift towards informal care supplied by family members, friends, or neighbors. However, the progressive decrease in the caregiver-to-patient ratio will result in a significant augmentation in incorporating intelligent aid within general care. This study aimed to build upon the authors' previous systematic literature review on technologies for informal caregivers. Specificall [...]

1327 11156

Open Access Original Research

Examining the Role Between Social Antecedents and Depression among LGBTQ+ Older Adults Eligible for Low-Income Housing

Jalal Uddin ,

Meredith Greene ,

Leslie Dubbin ,

Madeline Deutsch and

Jason D. Flatt

Received: 28 July 2023; Published: 15 December 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304261

Abstract

Housing is one of the top four most needed services for LGBTQ+ older adults, and this study focuses on the intersection of depression and social antecedents among LGBTQ+ older adults eligible for low-income housing. To explore social antecedents (i.e., demographics, early events, later events, social integration, and stressors) associated with screening positive for depression among low-income LGBTQ+ older adults from two cities in the Western United States. A cross-sectional study was conducted with LGBTQ+ older a [...]

1172 7052

Open Access Original Research

Sexual Orientation and Risk for Elder Abuse: Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

Gloria Gutman ,

Mojgan Karbakhsh and

Heather G Stewart

Received: 03 October 2023; Published: 04 December 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304260

Abstract

This study addresses knowledge gaps concerning prevalence and risk factors for elder abuse among sexual minority (SM) compared to heterosexual Canadians aged 65+. Data derive from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, a national cohort study. Outcome variables include self-reports of psychological, physical, or financial abuse in the 12 months before interview and overall. Main explanatory variables are sexual orientation and gender identity; covariates include other socio-demographic characteristics, general a [...]

1436 22446

Open Access Original Research

Adaptation to Residential Care: Voices from New Zealand

Myunik Panthi

Received: 25 May 2023; Published: 01 December 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304259

Abstract

This article explores the adaptation process of older adults in residential care facilities in New Zealand. Through a phenomenological approach, this study provides clarity on how older adults adjust in residential care despite losses and challenges. Qualitative data on 24 older adults, 6 residential care facilities, and 10 staff were collected. Utilising qualitative software the following were identified: loss, support, acceptance and meaningful support. Initially, the unfamiliar environment and faces, structured [...]

1320 10618

Open Access Original Research

Where Older Patients with Cancer Die? A Retrospective Study

Wanda Liguigli ,

Rita Cengarle ,

Anita Rimanti ,

Giovanna Catania ,

Laura Faglioni ,

Simone Voltolini ,

Roberto Barbieri ,

Ilenia Zanardi Di Pietro ,

Beatrice Vivorio ,

Patrizia Morselli ,

Chiara Iridile ,

Laura Rigotti ,

Giuseppe Lucchini and

Maurizio Cantore

Received: 10 July 2023; Published: 16 November 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304258

Abstract

Home is the preferred place of death for most cancer patients. We examined which characteristics of older patients with cancer may have influenced this choice and how important may be relevant an early collaboration between oncologists and palliatives. Hospitalized patients aged ≥70 were screened by G8 questionnaire and evaluated by Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) to identify frail and unfit ones and define the most appropriate end-of-life setting with palliatives. Using the G8 questionnaire, we screened 1 [...]

1074 5080

Open Access Research Article

Phytomodification Effects of Visceral Lymph Node Aging

Vladimir N. Gorchakov ,

Kirill M. Nicolaychuk ,

Olga V. Gorchakova ,

Georgi A. Demchenko and

Bayan A. Nurmakhanova

Received: 09 July 2023; Published: 01 November 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304257

Abstract

Lymph nodes are prioritized in protecting and ensuring endoecological safety at different periods of life, especially in retirement age. It destabilizes the structure and function of the lymphatic system and organs when aging increases the risk of comorbid conditions. This is a sign of age-related pathology. Improving lymph node function is an essential task in integrating gerontology and lymphology. The solution to this problem is possible with the help of a phytotherapeutic agent, which involves the evaluation of [...]

928 5698

Open Access Short Communication

Narratives about Menopause

Lotte Hvas

Received: 28 August 2023; Published: 30 October 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304256

Abstract

Narratives and how women interpret their symptoms have always been a part of how menopause is experienced. Today, as women feel more accessible to talk about menopause, new narratives are being formed and negotiated - both to menopause and concerning women becoming older. These different narratives mirror the fact that the transitional phase differs from woman to woman and that some women experience many symptoms while others do not seem bothered at all. Some narratives underscore menopause as a transformative peri [...]

1506 10154

Open Access Short Review

The Pathophysiology and Management of NAFDL in Post-menopausal Women: An Updated Short Review

Ayan Mishra ,

Barsha Panda and

Debosree Ghosh

Received: 10 May 2023; Published: 26 October 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304255

Abstract

Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFDL) is a condition in which an individual suffers from an accumulation of fat in the liver. This is a disease condition with a multifactorial etiology. Some potent causes of such conditions are altered thyroid condition, abnormal metabolism in the body due to aging or menopause, or any other hormonal imbalance. Most of these causes are regulated by genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Menopause comes with tremendous hormonal turmoil in the human body and brings vario [...]

1054 6929

Open Access Review

The Impact of Climate Change on Older Adults’ Mental Health: A Primer for Clinicians

Andreea L. Seritan

Received: 31 July 2023; Published: 24 October 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304254

Abstract

Climate change is a major public health emergency. Natural disasters (earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, tsunamis, landslides, wildfires, and volcanic eruptions) have been increasing in frequency and severity and can cause lasting psychological sequelae. Older adults are highly vulnerable to the physical and mental health impacts of extreme weather and natural disasters. A narrative review was conducted to identify and summarize English-language articles focusing on the impact of climate change on older ad [...]

2125 15901

Open Access Short Review

Age-Related Pathologies and Life Span

Giuseppe Cocco and

Stefano Pandolfi

Received: 27 July 2023; Published: 11 October 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304253

Abstract

Both from a healthcare and a socioeconomic perspective, research on senescence is increasingly essential. Indeed, in industrialized countries, the increased human longevity confronts medicine with many old patients with age-related pathologies. The paper reviews the biological theories on aging, the impact of reactive oxygen species, telomers, epigenetics, and genetics (e.g., gerontogenes) on-age-related pathologies. Also, the paper reviews available and under research therapeutic approaches (e.g., senolytics) aime [...]

1022 6417

Open Access Review

Screening and Treating Urinary Incontinence in Primary Care: A Missed Opportunity

Ushma J Patel ,

Madeline K Moureau ,

Joan M Neuner and

Heidi W Brown

Received: 12 May 2023; Published: 05 October 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304252

Abstract

More than 60% of adult women in the United States have urinary incontinence (UI), with the prevalence increasing to over 80% in women over age 65. Despite its high prevalence, most patients do not seek care and few clinicians screen for UI. The Medicare Health Outcomes Survey queries patients about satisfaction with their provider’s discussion and management of UI, but formal recommendations about screening, diagnosis, and treatment are lacking. This review presents a practical algorithm for primary care providers [...]

1449 9767

Open Access Review

Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Diagnosis and Management

Elisabeth M. Sebesta and

Roger R. Dmochowski

Received: 17 May 2023; Published: 05 October 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304251

Abstract

The evaluation and treatment of mixed urinary incontinence receives relatively little attention as compared to other forms of incontinence. Mixed incontinence, however, defined as the combination of stress and urgency incontinence, accounts for the largest proportion of incontinence, with an increased incidence in older women. The condition can be very challenging to manage due to the coexistence of multiple pathologies. Treating either component can worsen the other, which means careful discussion of the risks and [...]

1140 11246

Open Access Review

Heart Failure in Elderly People: From Pathophysiology to Diagnosis and Management

Elisa Martinelli ,

Angelo Di Stefano ,

Pietro Gareri ,

Pasqualina Sapone ,

Rosaria Carlucci ,

Massimo Brandino ,

Ettore Maina ,

Sara Piscioneri ,

Giada Cagnoli and

Antonino Maria Cotroneo

Received: 05 March 2023; Published: 19 September 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303250

Abstract

As the older population increases, there is an increase in age-related chronic diseases, especially heart failure. It affects 25% of over 75-year-old outpatients and represents the leading cause of hospitalization and death in older people. This review aimed to point out the main characteristics concerning heart failure in older people, taking into account clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. An extensive search on heart failure was made on PubMed and Google, using the keywords older people, heart failure, [...]

1306 12365

Open Access Short Communication

Redefining Hypotension in Older Adults: Implications for the Prevention of Age Related Cognitive Decline

Kenneth J. McLeod

Received: 24 April 2023; Published: 18 September 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303249

Abstract

Chronically low blood pressure in older adults is associated with significantly increased long-term risks of dementia and all-cause mortality risk. Yet low blood pressure is generally not treated until an individual begins to experience the acute symptoms arising from very low cerebral perfusion. However, these acute symptoms, such as dizziness, balance difficulty, syncope, increased fall occurrence, vision impairment, and nausea, begin to occur only at very low blood pressure levels, such that mean arterial pressu [...]

1042 9977

Open Access Editorial

Treatments and Management of Menopausal Symptoms: Current Status and Future Challenges

Ciro Comparetto and

Franco Borruto

Received: 31 August 2023; Published: 13 September 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303248

Abstract

In the United States (US), menopause occurs at an average age of 52. Menopausal symptoms tend to be maximal during the few years before and the year after menopause (during perimenopause), except for symptomatic vulvovaginal atrophy, which may worsen over time. Up to 20% of bone density loss occurs during the first 5 years after menopause, followed by an age-related bone loss rate similar to that in men. Menopause should be considered confirmed if an age-appropriate woman who is not pregnant has not had a menstrual [...]

3431 22335

Open Access Opinion

Life-Changing Bubbles: A Simple Solution That May Help Many

David G Smithard and

John Mirams

Received: 20 February 2023; Published: 24 August 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303247

Abstract

As the medical world continues to search for ways of improving the swallowing of many millions of Dysphagia sufferers around the world, this paper is devoted to presenting the case for carbonated water to be considered as a potential solution for many. The effectiveness of carbonated water (CW) in the rehabilitation of Dysphagia has been studied periodically over the last thirty years and some significant positive results have been recorded – but it is now proposed that further research should be directed to examin [...]

883 6358

Open Access Short Communication

US State Hospital Regulations Rarely Include Malnutrition but Could Provide a Future Policy Framework for Improving Malnutrition Quality of Care

Laura Borth and

Meredith Ponder Whitmire

Received: 31 March 2023; Published: 17 August 2023; doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2303246

Abstract

Malnutrition is a problem that is often not identified in hospitals as 8% of hospital patients are diagnosed but malnutrition is estimated to affect 20-50% of patients. Federal programs such as Joint Commission accreditation and the new, optional, global malnutrition composite score from CMS may improve inpatient malnutrition diagnosis, but there may be an opportunity to do more from a regulatory side. It’s unknown how many states are considering malnutrition from this standpoint. The study’s goal was t [...]

961 7902

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