by Hiromi Matsuhashi

Received: 28 April 2022;  Published: 06 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2202015

Solid base catalysts consisting of MgO modified with 10 mol% ZnO (ZnO/MgO) were prepared by depositing zinc(II) acetylacetonate (Zn(acac)2) in polar and nonpolar organic solvents on the surface of MgO and Mg(OH)2. The process was followed by thermal decomposition in air at 773 K over a period of 3 h. The activity of MgO modified with Zn(acac)2 for base-catalyzed retroaldol reaction (the decomposition of diacetone alcohol (4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone) to acetone) at 299 K was higher than the activity of unmodifie [...]

by Virginie Vignard  and Delphine Fradin

Received: 13 March 2018;  Published: 15 May 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1802020

Melanoma is a highly aggressive skin cancer with high incidence worldwide. There is growing evidence that aberrantly expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a role in the development, progression and dissemination of melanoma tumor cells. Among the many types of ncRNAs described in this review, the functions of micro- and long non-coding RNAs are described and related to the six hallmarks of cancer. Recently, ncRNAs discovered in body fluids have become known as one of the most promising groups of oncological bioma [...]

by Satchit Anand Saha  , Katelyn Ann Williams  , George Murphy  and Sandeep Ajoy Saha

Received: 24 September 2023;  Published: 09 January 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2401006

Food insecurity and insufficient access to affordable nutrition have been associated with increased risk for the development of multiple chronic medical conditions, including cardiovascular disease. In this narrative review, we explore the association between food insecurity and the development of chronic medical conditions that confer increased cardiometabolic risk, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. We also identify the various barriers leading to food insecurity and lack of food literacy, with an emphasis on [...]

by M. Robyn Andersen  , Kelsey Afdem  , Marcia Gaul  , Shelly Hager  , Erin Sweet  and Leanna J. Standish

Received: 27 February 2019;  Published: 26 July 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1903087

Patients’ lay theories about the cause of their cancer may influence patient behavior and adjustment, they have also been found to differ substantially from scientific evidence of cancer risk factors. This report describes beliefs about genetic causes of breast cancer, among 522 recently diagnosed breast cancer survivors participating in an observational study. Patients were asked to respond to an open-ended question about the cause of their cancer. Causes mentioned included family history, genetics, lifestyl [...]

by Susan M. Joshi  and Leland J. Jackson

Received: 20 November 2021;  Published: 15 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2201007

Cyanobacteria blooms alter aquatic ecosystems and occur frequently in shallow prairie lakes, which are predicted to increase in salinity as the regional climate becomes hotter and drier. However, flat landscapes that experience depression bottom salinity with high concentrations of sulfate in addition to sodium and chloride, may mitigate nutrient increases or even inhibit cyanobacteria growth. Cyanobacteria can dominate shallow lakes with low N:P ratios because many cyanobacteria species fix dissolved N2, whether d [...]

by Gerhard Litscher

Received: 15 April 2020;  Published: 11 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002030

In this technical report, we present for the first time a newly developed multimodal light-emitting diode (LED) pad for photobiomodulation (PBM). In order to demonstrate the range of possibilities for its application, we carried out a comparison of measurements with and without infrared (IR) LEDs in a volunteer, and are presenting the results. The pad consists of several components, which are mainly composed of LEDs of different modalities (IR, red, yellow, and blue). This multicolor system was applied to a periphe [...]

by Rama Bindu Manchikalapudi

Received: 31 May 2017;  Published: 28 September 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1703005

Cardiac allograft vasculopathy is one of the leading causes of death following the first 5 years after orthotopic heart transplantation along with late graft failure, likely secondary to undiagnosed CAV. Currently there is no single medical treatment available for this condition except modification of risk factors and immunosuppression. Retrasplantation remains the hope for this entity with some limitations.

by Aarthi Madhavan  , Isaac Sia  , Giselle Carnaby  and Michael Crary

Received: 29 October 2020;  Published: 22 February 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2101158

Individuals with acute stroke on nonoral feeding regimens frequently develop pneumonia, questioning the long-held belief that pneumonia in stroke patients is a caused by food and liquid aspiration alone. Refluxate and colonized oral secretions are thought to contribute to an acidic oropharyngeal environment. If aspirated, these colonized oral secretions with increased acidity, can result in increased risk to the respiratory system. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between pharyngeal acidity, dysphag [...]

by Grace Douglas  , Andrew S Day  and Stephanie C Brown

Received: 23 August 2024;  Published: 13 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/rpn.2404020

Dietary and nutritional interventions have been shown to have roles in managing active Crohn disease (CD), with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) being recommended as the preferred initial treatment in children following diagnosis. In recent years, other nutritional interventions such as the Crohn's disease exclusion diet (CDED) have been considered and evaluated for induction therapy. To date, the long-term benefits of CDED have not been established. This report highlights the outcomes of the prolonged use of CDED [...]

by Yi-Chia Liao  , Chun-Hway Hsueh  and Wen-Shin Lee

Received: 16 May 2020;  Published: 15 June 2020;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2002014

Inspired by the application of metallic glass sheet as face material for improving the performance of golf clubs, the present work was aimed to explore the application of thin-film metallic glass (TFMG) coatings for enhancing the performance of strings. In order to achieve this aim, badminton strings were coated with TFMG coatings of different thicknesses. The compositions of these TFMG coatings were analyzed using an electron probe micro-analyzer. The amorphous structure of the film was verified using X-ray diffra [...]

by Danilo Donati  , Giacomo Farì  , Federica Giorgi  , Andrea Bernetti  and Roberto Tedeschi

Received: 02 June 2024;  Published: 22 November 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404257

This review evaluates the efficacy of Action Observation Training (AOT) in improving upper limb functionality in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Five studies were selected based on strict inclusion criteria, focusing on clinical interventions that assessed AOT's effects on upper limb motor skills in pediatric CP populations. Across these studies, significant improvements were observed in motor skills such as reach, grasp, and spontaneous use of the affected limb, underscoring AOT's potential functional benefits. [...]

by Kyungmin Ko  , Juan F. Guerra  and David F. Garvin

Received: 29 August 2019;  Published: 28 October 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1904089

Background: Graft site candidiasis is a serious complication after solid organ transplantation, often presenting as invasive arteritis leading to graft loss or even death. Case Report: We report a case of anastomotic site candidiasis leading to arterial rupture and death at postoperative day 10 with no clinical warning signs. Preservation fluid cultures were negative and postoperative Doppler ultrasonography did not show vascular compromise. Postmortem examination revealed microscopic arterial wall abscesses harbou [...]

by Xiang-Yu Sun  , Ping-Hong Jhou  , Min-Ze Lu  and Chang-Ming Liaw

Received: 25 February 2021;  Published: 22 June 2021;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2102028

This paper presents the development of a wind Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Generator (IPMSG) based bipolar DC microgrids along with various switch-mode rectifiers. Firstly, the wind IPMSG is established and adequately controlled to possess satisfactory generating characteristics during different driven speeds and loads. Later, the boost switch-mode rectifier (SMR) based bipolar DC bus is established. Further, three-phase single-switch (3P1SW) boost SMR, three-phase two-switch (3P2SW) three-level boost SMR, [...]

by Patricia Lynn Dobkin

Received: 23 April 2018;  Published: 02 July 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.1803013

Objectives: Living with any chronic pain condition is a challenge that can be met when one reduces reactivity to the sensory and evaluative aspects of it. The aim of this case study is to show how a clinical psychologist with expertise in chronic illness applied Buddhist principles to her own experience. Methods: When one realizes that suffering is the combination of pain plus resistance then one can learn how to accept rather than exacerbate it. Applying the Four Noble Truths from Buddhist psychology to understand [...]

by Peter Newman  and Marie Verschuer

Received: 27 February 2023;  Published: 17 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2304036

The transition to net zero cities is a pivotal challenge in the face of climate change. This research introduces a novel methodology termed "Net Zero Corridors," which emphasizes a bottom-up approach to decarbonize urban power and transport systems. By focusing on urban corridors, this method integrates distributed power systems with urban transport, offering a localized solution to the broader challenge of urban decarbonization. Drawing from urban fabric theory and urban metabolism data, the study provides insight [...]

by Vincent Anayochukwu Ani

Received: 06 August 2023;  Published: 24 January 2024;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2401002

Energy is a prerequisite to running health facilities and is, therefore, key to the success of the service. Karshi primary healthcare centre (PHC) facility is confronted with an unreliable power supply that leads to a high cost of generating power from diesel to operate its equipment. This facility needs a sustainable and reliable electricity supply and therefore a change in their energy system to enable it improve its quality of healthcare delivery services. A solar energy-based electricity generation system that [...]

by Aline Duarte Folle  , Kimberly C Paul  , Cynthia D Kusters  , Jeff M Bronstein  , Adrienne M Keener  and Beate Ritz

Received: 30 June 2020;  Published: 26 August 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2003131

Insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness are the most common sleep disturbances in Parkinson’s disease. This study aims at better understanding how severity of PD motor and non-motor features and dopaminergic treatments contribute to these sleep symptoms in the first decade of PD. Data from a community-based cohort of PD patients was used to model cross-sectional PD-related risk factors for insomnia and EDS sleep scores using linear regression models adjusted for age, gender, and PD duration. Longitudinal changes [...]

by Shih-Ang Hsu

Received: 25 July 2021;  Published: 02 September 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2103022

Spatial relation between wind stress and storm surge during two hurricanes in 2020 is investigated. It is found that, during Laura’s landfall, the area inside of 65 knots (34 m s -1) isotach or line of equal wind speed can produce up to 18 ft (5.5 m) inundation and during Delta, the area inside of 50 knots (26 m s -1) up to 11 ft (3.3 m) high water level above the ground. The tropical cyclone (TC) surface analysis near landfall by the Regional and Mesoscale Meteorology Branch (RAMMB) is recommended as a first [...]

by Boel De Paepe

Received: 28 February 2019;  Published: 16 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1902079

In order to successfully recover from damage, skeletal muscle tissue requires proper activation of a tightly orchestrated repair program. Non-coding RNAs actively participate in this complex process of demolition and rebuilding. In this review, the contribution of dysregulated non-coding RNA expression to disease-associated pathological changes is explored in hereditary muscular dystrophies and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Disturbances in spatiotemporal expression of non-coding RNAs appear to be key factors [...]

by Marina Moguilevitch  and Tracey Straker

Received: 05 July 2020;  Published: 12 November 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2004123

Clinical presentation and progression of Wilson’s disease can be diverse in different groups of patients. While young children most likely to present with acute or chronic liver failure, older children and adults may exhibit extrahepatic manifestation like neuropsychiatric, cardiac, renal, pancreatic and several others. Diagnosis of Wilson’s disease is based on the combination of specific clinical findings, laboratory and genetic testing. There are different modalities of treatment available for this condition. Liv [...]

by Jessica R Turnbull  , Jenna Vyas-Lee  and Sally Hobson

Received: 17 November 2020;  Published: 06 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2102094

Sleep-related difficulties are common in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Poor sleep health is associated with detrimental impacts not only for the child/young person, but also their family members. Exercise is considered to be important for sleep health, improving duration and quality of sleep in adult studies, however there is limited literature on impact in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, and barriers to participation exist for this group. We set out to test the feasibility and accep [...]

by Olivia C Smibert  , Joseph S Doyle  , Adam WJ Jenney  , David Pilcher  , Miranda A Paraskeva  , Glen P Westall  and Greg I Snell

Received: 16 September 2020;  Published: 13 January 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2101134

Since 2018 The American Society of Transplant has recommended that Hepatitis C Virus seropositive positive, non-viremic donors (HCVAb+/NAT-) be considered non-infectious and safe for transplantation. This report describes clinical outcomes and HCV serological and virological outcomes following lung transplantation (LTx) utilizing such donors. This retrospective cohort study describes seven HCVAb+/NAT- donors used for bilateral LTx. Donor information was sourced from the national organ donation service and recipient [...]

by Frenny Sheth  , Thomas Liehr  , Kristin Mrasek  , Joris Andrieux  , Stuti Tewari  , Naznin Lubna  and Jayesh Sheth

Received: 23 March 2018;  Published: 07 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803033

Background: Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) are rare cytogenetic findings in general, but especially in Turner syndrome so called sSMCT in a karyotype 46, X, +mar are even more scarce. According to the literature, sSMCT are derived from one of the Y-chromosomes in ~70% of the cases. Thus, to identify the presence of Y-chromosomal material is imperative, since these cases have an increased risk of gonadoblastoma deriving from the streak gonads. Methods: A 24-year-old short statured male presented with [...]

by Nasim Foroughi  , Brooke Donnelly  , Mark Williams  , Sloane Madden  , Michael Kohn  , Simon Clarke  , Perminder Sachdev  , Stephen Touyz  and Phillipa Hay

Received: 01 June 2021;  Published: 30 September 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2103107

To compare neural responses to high and low-energy food images in patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and an age-matched Healthy Control (HC) group. 25 adolescents with AN and 21 HCs completed a diagnostic interview, self-report questionnaires and fMRI, during which they viewed food images evoking responses of disgust, happiness, or fear. Following whole brain analyses, neural responses in six regions of interest were examined in a series of between-group contrasts, across the three emotive categories. Compared to [...]

by Deborah H. John  , Patrick Abi Nader  and Katherine Gunter

Received: 29 October 2018;  Published: 06 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001098

Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality and as such, it is critical that physical activity guidelines for health consider equitable access to physical activity opportunities for all, including those aged 65 years and older. The purpose of this study was to examine the intersections of attributes of older people (e.g. income, gender, age, health, physical activity) and attributes of the places they live (e.g. rurality, public transit, sidewalks, parks, community centre) to explain [...]