by Thao N. Le  and Emma L. Brown

Received: 18 June 2024;  Published: 23 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2404070

This qualitative study explores the mental health challenges faced by Hawaiʻi farmers and allied agricultural producers, focusing on the main stressors they encountered and the coping mechanisms they employed. Through interviews with 77 farmers across all four counties, data revealed that significant stressors for Hawaiʻi farmers were legislative and policy issues, financial and economic concerns, as well as pests and diseases. Farmers employed various coping strategies to mitigate stress, primarily along the lines [...]

by Ana Paula Leopercio  , Christini Emori  , Elisabete Calore Neiva  , Ana Lucia Silva Souza  , Ana Cristina Amaral  , Gustavo Almeida Vieira  , Raimundo Araujo Gama  , Jose Osmar Medina-Pestana  and Maria Lúcia Ferraz

Received: 22 June 2022;  Published: 26 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2204168

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is frequent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). HBV reactivation after kidney transplant (KT) is more common in patients with HBsAg+; however, it can also occur in previously infected individuals, particularly those with HBsAg negative and total antiHBc positive (HBsAg-/antiHBcT+). However, reactivation in this population has scarce and conflicting data. This study aimed to assess the reactivation risk in KT recipients with previous HBV infection (antiHBcT+). A retros [...]

by Behnam Nikoobakht  , Gulzari L. Malli  and Martin Siegert

Received: 26 April 2020;  Published: 14 December 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2004010

In this work, we study the single and double ionization spectra of the , with complexes by applying the four-component algebraic diagrammatic construction and Fock-space coupled cluster methods to extend earlier studies based on less demanding approaches. The computed single and double ionization potentials are in good agreement comparing with the available experimental results. The electronic structures of the cationic molecular systems are carefully investigated by computing accurately single and double ionizatio [...]

by Byron J. Hoogwerf

Received: 09 July 2024;  Published: 20 February 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501299

Sarcopenia is more common in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than in persons without diabetes. There is overlap of some pathophysiologic features of sarcopenia and T2DM. In addition, the risk for sarcopenia is associated with common complications of T2DM including renal disease, cardiovascular disease and neuropathy. Glycemic control in T2DM may have some benefits on sarcopenia. The specific effects of glucose lowering agents on sarcopenia suggest that metformin, insulin, thiazolidinediones and GLP1 re [...]

by Abdulmalik Ahmad Lawan  , Hauwa Zakariyya Abdullahi  , Abdullahi Yunusa Abdullahi  and Sadiya Tahir

Received: 16 January 2025;  Published: 15 August 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503298

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with significant heterogeneity in symptoms and comorbid conditions. Studies have shown the value of early and accurate diagnosis in mitigating the associated social and behavioral challenges. Recently, studies have demonstrated the potential of machine learning (ML) models in identifying ASD patterns from neuroimaging, genetic, and behavioral data. However, the limited interpretability of these models poses a barrier to their clinical adopti [...]

by Marina M Gerges  and Vladimir Kosonogov

Received: 02 May 2025;  Published: 19 November 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2504310

Emotion regulation (ER) involves processes by which individuals modulate the intensity, duration, and expression of emotional responses, and its dysregulation is associated with a broad spectrum of psychological disorders. While traditionally conceptualized within psychological frameworks, ER is increasingly recognized as biologically grounded, involving intricate interactions between neurochemical, hormonal, and metabolic systems. This narrative review aims to synthesize current evidence on biochemical substrates [...]

by Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed  , Mohammed A. Al Doghan  and Bahadur Ali Soomro

Received: 13 November 2023;  Published: 11 March 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401212

In this study, the researchers explore the effects of COVID-19-related challenges, such as fear and anxiety about COVID-19, the uncertainty of COVID-19, and the recognition of business opportunities for entrepreneurial intentions and business startups. This study used quantitative methods and based their findings on 278 usable samples collected from Egyptian entrepreneurs. Employing the Structural Equation Model (SEM) through SmartPLS4 shows that fear and anxiety arising from the COVID-19 pandemic harm entrepreneur [...]

by Vladimir N. Bashkin

Received: 05 September 2022;  Published: 13 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204040

This research aims at one of the most important economic and environmental problems - the elimination of the consequences in case of emergency spills while cleaning petroleum products. The objectives of the study include the development and production of new biological products and biosorbents based on carbon-oxidizing microorganisms, testing the developed technologies for environmental risk management to eliminate the consequences of emergency petroleum product spills, creating an algorithm for conducting prelimin [...]

by Noboru Imai

Received: 19 July 2022;  Published: 26 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204143

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used to detect changes in the resting-state brain networks of migraine patients. Functional connectivity fMRI analysis examines the functional organization of the brain based on temporal correlations of blood oxygen level-dependent signal changes in different brain regions. Most previous resting-state fMRI studies have assumed that functional connectivity between brain regions remains relatively stable over time. However, it is now known that the brain is a com [...]

by Pratik Shukla  , Vincent Zhang  , Xiaojun Shen  , Victor M. Villapún  , Sophie Cox  and Phil Swanson

Received: 10 April 2022;  Published: 22 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2204025

This is a multi-disciplinary paper focused on the preliminary results of deploying laser shock treatment (LST) to ZrO2 ceramics. This work has significance in several industrial sectors for components that will benefit from strengthening. These components are, namely: dental implants; cutting and drawing tools; valves, bearings, pressure vessels, heat exchangers and high-performance scissors and knives, where modification of hard, brittle materials properties such as that of a ZrO2, can yield a performance boost. T [...]

by Amir Taheri  , Ole Torsæter  , Erik Lindeberg  , Nanji J. Hadia  and Dag Wessel-Berg

Received: 19 October 2020;  Published: 25 February 2021;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2101012

Convective mixing of free-phase CO2 and brine in saline aquifers is an established technique to accelerate the CO2 dissolution process. Correct estimation of the convection onset time and rate of CO2 dissolution into brine are two crucial parameters regarding safety issues, as the timescale for dissolution corresponds to the same time over which the free-phase CO2 has a chance to leak out from the storage site. In real practice, underground formations are heterogeneous with a layered structure, but the convective m [...]

by Costanza Rossi  , Vincenzo Scorcia  , Massimiliano Borselli  , Giuseppe Giannaccare  , Rossella Spena  and Andrea Lucisano

Received: 20 April 2023;  Published: 15 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2302188

This article aims to provide some personal surgical tips to increase the success rate of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK), a very advantageous yet complex procedure for treating keratoconus. The most troublesome surgical step is obtaining a successful pneumatic dissection of the deep stromal tissue, allowing the exposure of a deep cleavage plane. The following tips may aid the trainee surgeon in mastering this step, among others: performing a deep trephination, using intraoperative anterior segment optica [...]

by Jihyun Cho  , Hojun Lee  , Sang Hee Park  , Myoung Haw Kim  and Seunghee Won

Received: 25 February 2024;  Published: 06 May 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2402221

This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the psychological states of teachers during the first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using data on school mental health projects related to COVID-19 in Daegu from May to June 2020. The participants comprised 811 (34.9%) male and 1,511 (65.1%) female teachers in 1,041 (44.8%) middle and 1,281 (55.2%) high schools. After schools reopened, the most common causes of unbearable stress were unusual experiences, fear of infection, and negative emotions. Moreove [...]

by Angela Horyacheva  , Samantha Shune  and Ashwini Namasivayam-MacDonald

Received: 11 August 2022;  Published: 07 November 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204210

Stroke survivors often receive spousal support for post-stroke impairments. The quality of spousal caregiving and couples’ wellbeing can suffer from post-stroke relationship changes and caregiver burden. Because swallowing impairment (dysphagia) is common post-stroke and spouses providing dysphagia care may experience burden, it is also important to explore whether relationship changes post-stroke are associated with dysphagia outcomes. The purpose of this study was to describe stroke survivor-spouse relationships [...]

by Jared Tucker  and Victor Lai

Received: 28 June 2024;  Published: 17 December 2024;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2404028

Many cells demonstrate variances in behavior due to their cell culture environment. To provide a mechanically-tunable, tissue-like environment, a 3D hydrogel for cell culture was formulated using collagen (Col) and hyaluronic acid (HA) to help provide a system for studying these dynamic cellular responses in a soft-tissue environment. A design of experiments was organized to study the effects of collagen concentration, HA fragment size, and Col: HA mass ratio on the hydrogel mechanical properties. Mechanical charac [...]

by Leonardo Vaz Moreira Magalhães  , Anna Silvia Palcheco Peixoto  , Gustavo Garcia Manzato  and Barbara Stolte Bezerra

Received: 30 September 2022;  Published: 07 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2301019

This paper presents a procedure for risk assessment for hydrological disasters considering the threshold rainfall and environmental and social criteria. A case study was carried out to test its feasibility in the northern region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The advantage of this procedure is that it only uses data available on government institutions and websites. For this reason, other regions and countries can easily adapt the procedure to their reality. Initially, the hydrological disasters were obtained i [...]

by Mohammad Shabani  , Elham Hassanpour  , Fatemeh Aghighi  , Mojgan Mohammadifar  , Fereshteh Bahmani  and Sayyed Alireza Talaei

Received: 11 May 2024;  Published: 30 September 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2403247

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a type of nerve damage caused by long-term hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM). The gut microbiota alters in DM. Therefore, improvement of the gut flora may affect neuropathic pain and oxidative biomarkers' responsiveness to the probiotic treatment. The present study aimed to assess the effects of probiotic supplementation on neuropathic pain and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetic rats’ serum. Forty-eight rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12 [...]

by Ahmad Abdallatif  and Sherif Isaac

Received: 25 November 2024;  Published: 02 June 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2502315

Meta-analysist to evaluate impact of Surgical Methods on Outcomes in periprosthetic supracondylar knee fracture management. This study examines the rate of functional outcomes and complications associated with two distinct surgical methods for the management of periprosthetic supracondylar knee fractures in patients treated with Low Contact Locking Plates (LCP) and Retrograde Intramedullary Nails (RIMN). With the growing prevalence of total knee replacements, the incidence of periprosthetic supracondylar knee fract [...]

by Liang Jiang  , Lulu Xie  , Jiao He  , Juanxue Kang  , Wei Wang  and Jiaqiang Wang

Received: 16 July 2022;  Published: 09 September 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2203025

TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared using cellulase as a biotemplate through a hydrothermal process. The as-prepared catalyst was characterized based on physicochemical techniques and was used to remove As(III) from contaminated water. The cellulase templated TiO2 photocatalyst (TiO2-cellulase) had a large specific surface area, which reached 166.6 m2·g–1. It also had a strong oxidation ability and, thus, behaved well in both photocatalytic oxidation of As(III) and dark adsorption. The pH of the solution h [...]

by Helena Andrade Figueira  , Olivia Andrade Figueira  , Alan Andrade Figueira  , Carlos Roberto Lyra da Silva  , Joana Andrade Figueira  and Estelio Henrique Martin Dantas

Received: 14 October 2022;  Published: 29 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204219

The World Health Organization attracted more attention to the positive effects of physical activity (PA) and the adverse effects of stress on the health of older people and, therefore, attracted a more significant number of practitioners. To verify the impact of PA on stress in older people. Observational and analytical research, composed of 690 older people of both genders residing in Brazil, present in street races (as participants or observers), who volunteered to respond to the research protocol consisting of s [...]

by Valentin Decroix  , Eric Fruchart  and Patricia Rulence-Pâques

Received: 19 October 2022;  Published: 03 April 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302231

The objective of the present experimental study was to compare how young people, healthy older people, and older people with dementia cognitively integrated three factors (Intention, Consequence, and Apology) when making blame-like judgments (prosecution and revenge) and forgiveness-like judgments (resentment and reconciliation). Thirty-four young people (Mage = 22.12, SD = 3.44), 22 healthy older people (Mage = 71.82, SD = 8.69), and 18 older people with dementia (Mage = 75, SD = 10.06) participated in the study. [...]

by Ebru Sayilgan

Received: 14 August 2025;  Published: 24 September 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503302

Motor deficits induced by neurological disorders impose a severe impact on activities of daily life. Conventional rehabilitation practices necessitate ongoing clinical supervision, which is costly and inaccessible. EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) systems offer a viable solution by facilitating neurorehabilitation through the direct interpretation of brain signals. Nonetheless, current systems are confronted with issues of real-time control, portability, and classification precision. The paper describes a n [...]

by Maria Vittoria Raele  , Laura Dell’Anna  , Rachele Mancini  , Giacomo Farì  , Maurizio Ranieri  , Marisa Megna  , Riccardo Marvulli  , Marco Paoloni  , Francesco Agostini  , Massimiliano Mangone  and Andrea Bernetti

Received: 20 September 2024;  Published: 27 February 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501272

Upper limb dystonia is a focal locomotion disorder affecting arm, forearm, and hand muscles, causing abnormal movements given by repeated, steady, and intercontinuous contractions. There are different types of dystonia and the multifaced nature of this pathology is challenging in the treatment management, leading to a worsening of affected patients’ life quality, mainly from a psychological point of view, but also from a functional perspective. This work examines the present literature regarding upper limb dystonia [...]

by Daming Zhang

Received: 06 December 2022;  Published: 17 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2301009

To increase power level in an autonomous microgrid, higher voltage is necessary. In this paper, detailed Matlab/Simulink modeling of a microgrid operated at medium-voltage level and at constant frequency has been conducted. Modified boost converter and medium-frequency transformer isolated DC/DC converter are adopted for both solar energy and wind energy harnessing in order for them to be connected with the microgrid. This paper further adopted a differential evolution (DE)-based method to carry out load flow analy [...]

by Paul O'Hara

Received: 20 December 2023;  Published: 03 June 2024;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2402012

The spin-statistics theorem is generalized to include quantum entanglement. Specifically, within the context of spin entanglement, we prove that isotropically spin-correlated (ISC) states must occur in pairs. This pairing process can be composed of parallel or anti-parallel states. Consequently, the article proposes using ISC states as a unifying principle to explain better Bose-Einstein condensates, the theory of superconductivity, and molecular and atomic orbitals, all of which involve a pairing process. The theo [...]