by Mitsuko Hirosawa  , Koji Hayakawa  , Kunio Shiota  and Satoshi Tanaka

Received: 05 July 2018;  Published: 17 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803036

Histone modifications play an important role in the control of DNA-based processes by altering the structure and function of chromatin. O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification is a form of post-translational modification of proteins that affects the serine (Ser)/threonine (Thr) residues. This process is controlled by a single pair of enzymes, i.e. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Recent evidence indicates the existence of O-GlcNAc modification of histones, with 16 histone O-GlcNAc site [...]

by Michele Bisceglia  , Stefano Pizzolitto  , Tullio Parracino  , Giovanna De Maglio  , Elena Minenna  , Serena D’Agostini  and Carlos A. Galliani

Received: 07 October 2018;  Published: 14 November 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1804016

Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) is a nuclear polypeptide and a tissue-restricted member of the homeobox protein family that, when attached to DNA, plays a crucial role in regulating the expression of select genes during early embryonic development of the thyroid, lung, and brain. As often happens, the initial enthusiasm for the diagnostic value of TTF-1 as a selective immunohistochemical marker of lung and thyroid tumors began to dwindle, due to its detection in tumors arising from other organs. TTF-1-expres [...]

by Enrico Facco

Received: 04 February 2020;  Published: 08 July 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2003032

The topic of resilience is of paramount importance. Although the term resilience was coined in the fields of physics and engineering, its use has spread to the fields of social sciences, biology, psychology, and psychiatry, as well as to the industry. Moreover, the term is now endowed with a wide range of meanings. The topic of resilience plays a central role in all critical life events. It is of paramount importance in medicine as well as in psychology and psychotherapy, where it is involved in both psychiatric di [...]

by Marie Jardine  , Anna Miles  and Jacqui Allen

Received: 07 November 2020;  Published: 25 December 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2004146

Generalisations and misconceptions about ageing and swallowing can influence clinical opinion. Assumptions about swallowing function based on someone’s age risk overmedicalising or, conversely, undertreating older patients. Evidence suggests that increased prevalence of swallowing problems in older age is attributed to pathology known to affect swallowing function, or an unrelated serious illness and combination of health factors, and not ageing itself. This review highlights factors clinicians should consider when [...]

by Siamak Shirani Bidabadi  , Parisa Sharifi  and S. Mohan Jain

Received: 09 June 2021;  Published: 15 September 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2103137

Plant breeding programs have used conventional breeding methods, such as hybridization, induced mutations, and other methods to manipulate the plant genome within the species' natural genetic boundaries to improve crop varieties. However, repeatedly using conventional breeding methods might lead to the erosion of the gene reservoir, thereby rendering crops vulnerable to environmental stresses and hampering future progress in crop production, food and nutritional security, and socio-economic benefits. Integrating in [...]

by Mohsen Akbaribazm  , Elnaz Khordad  and Mohsen Rahimi

Received: 27 September 2023;  Published: 06 March 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2401221

Various factors contributing to male infertility include genetic determinants, hormonal/neurological imbalance, erectile/libido disorders, genital tract injuries, and toxic/ischemic testicular injuries. Herbs increase sperm count and quality parameters, as well as sexual performance in infertile men, through various mechanisms. For this purpose, efforts were made to investigate effective plants in treating infertility, focusing on those studied in animal research. In this review, we explored the latest findings fro [...]

by Maggie MacKinnon  , Maibritt Pedersen Zari  and Daniel K. Brown

Received: 13 August 2021;  Published: 09 November 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2104029

The practice of reconciliation ecology in urban environments relies heavily on urban green space as the primary source of vegetated habitat in cities. However, most cities lack the quantity, connectivity, and accessibility of green space needed to provide essential ecosystem services for the health, well-being, and resilience of human and non-human species. In reaction to urban densification and the increasing frequency and severity of climate change impacts, this study argues that architecture could strategically [...]

by Selin Galatalı  , Damla Ekin Özkaya  , Taner Mercan  and Ergun Kaya

Received: 27 July 2023;  Published: 19 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2304198

In the face of rapid population growth worldwide, humanity's need for plant and animal products is increasing. In this regard, the organizations in charge of production make production and consumption forecasts for the future and try to accelerate the work aimed at increasing production. There are various ways of increasing production. The first of these is the improvement of cultivation techniques, the expansion of irrigated agricultural areas, and the effective control of diseases and pests. The second is to find [...]

by Jordin Lane  and Kevin R. Fontaine

Received: 28 December 2020;  Published: 21 April 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2102015

Carbohydrate-restricted ketogenic diets (KD) were introduced in the mid-19th century as a weight loss method with a resurgence of its use in epilepsy treatment in the 1920’s. Research conducted over the last several years provides evidence that KD’s can confer beneficial effects for several chronic metabolic diseases, including obesity, type-2 diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome. In recent years, emerging evidence suggests KD’s may also have therapeutic benefits for some cancers and for neurological conditions [...]

by Manal Al-Eid  , Lianhui Ding  , Donya Sewdan  , Emad N. AL-Shafei  , Rasha Al-Ghamdi  , Abdulaziz Alqarawi  and Essa Al naimi

Received: 13 August 2022;  Published: 17 October 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2204035

Parent ZSM-5 and Ga-modified ZSM-5 catalysts with different Si/Al ratios and particle sizes were prepared. The physicochemical properties of the prepared catalysts were investigated by performing X-ray powder diffraction analysis, BET surface area analysis, and NH3-TPD analysis. The performance of the aromatization reaction of the prepared catalysts was evaluated with 1-hexane as a model compound. The zeolite catalysts with a low SiO2/Al2O3 ratio possessed better activity than those with a high SiO2/Al2O3 ratio. Ga [...]