by Uttayan Chakrabarti  , Manish Chaturvedy  , Nitin Kumar Bajpai  , Jitendra Goswami  , Rajesh Kumar Garsa  and Rajesh Jhorawat

Received: 10 April 2023;  Published: 14 July 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2303192

BK virus (BKV) is a common opportunistic pathogen in kidney transplant recipients and one of the most challenging causes of allograft dysfunction and loss. Although over-immunosuppression remains the primary risk factor for BKV infection after transplantation, male gender, older recipient age, prior rejection episodes, degree of human leukocyte antigen mismatching, prolonged cold ischemia time, BK virus serostatus and ureteral stent placement have all been implicated as risk factors. Routine screening post-renal tr [...]

by Zsuzsanna M. Schmidt  and Gyula Poor

Received: 07 May 2022;  Published: 27 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203202

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an age-related chronic inflammatory disease with rheumatic features at the fore. In addition to the high-grade systemic inflammation, it is characterized by typical "polymyalgic" musculoskeletal symptoms, including diffuse and severe pain and prolonged morning stiffness of the shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle, and neck. PMR is a member of the so-called giant cell arteritis complex; however, in spite of the marked systemic inflammation in PMR, the local vasculitis process aborts. The pa [...]

by Abdirizak Jama Ali  , Shoaibur Rahman  and Asif Raihan

Received: 18 October 2022;  Published: 26 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204056

The study was carried out in three different locations in Dinajpur district, Bangladesh，to observe soil carbon sequestration in agroforestry systems as a mitigation strategy for climate change. A total of 108 composite soil samples were collected at 0-30 cm in different study area sites. The total number of samples comprised three agroforestry systems (cropland agroforestry, homestead agroforestry, and orchard agroforestry)， where 36 samples were collected from each agroforestry system. Three adjacent soil samples [...]

by Justin P. Rosenheck  , Mena M Botros  and David R Nunley

Received: 15 March 2021;  Published: 27 June 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2102145

Lung transplantation is a therapeutic option for patients with advanced lung diseases. Lung transplant outcomes have improved over time with improvements in the management of these complex patients. Cytomegalovirus is a common opportunistic organism affecting all solid organ transplant recipients. Characteristics unique to lung transplantation can make this virus difficult to manage, with myriad complications including graft failure and death. Ongoing research into and understanding of cytomegalovirus has opened ex [...]

by Prabhumallikarjun Patil  and Amanda RB Weber

Received: 18 January 2022;  Published: 22 July 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2203129

Cerebral palsy is defined as “A group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. The motor disorders of cerebral palsy are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, and behavior, by epilepsy, and by secondary musculoskeletal problems [1].” Between 30-40% of people with cerebral palsy also have epilepsy [2,3,4]. Som [...]

by Steve Liebich

Received: 16 March 2020;  Published: 02 July 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2003113

Multicellularity has gained the advantage over the unicellular world by expanding the number of increasingly more complex tissues that achieve advanced and specific functions. This same event gave rise to the most evolved group of organisms, namely mammals. Even though the complexity of multicellular organisms does not necessarily provide them with excellent adaptation modes performed by unicellular and prokaryotic organisms, this complexity per se stands as one of the greatest phenomena in biology. However, there [...]

by Sonal Mishra  , Neha Kumari  , Donat-P. Häder  and Rajeshwar P. Sinha

Received: 03 January 2022;  Published: 16 March 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2201011

Cyanobacteria are the most ancient phytoplankton that first appeared at least 2.5 billion years ago and have a prolonged evolutionary history. They can form impenetrable and toxic blooms in aquatic ecosystems such as freshwater and marine environments. Cyanobacterial blooms produce cyanotoxins that endanger ecosystem functioning and deteriorate water quality used for recreation, drinking, and in fisheries, thus, adversely affecting human health and the economy. Some bloom-producing genera are Aphanizomenon, Plankto [...]

by Carlos A. Echeverry-Gonzalez  and Vladimir V. Kouznetsov

Received: 01 December 2020;  Published: 28 April 2021;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2102015

The design of nanomaterials for application in diverse fields ranging from photovoltaic to fluorescence sensing is a research area of increasing interest. Recently, Quantum Dots (QDs), which are classified as semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs) and Carbon dots (CDs), have become a hot topic of investigation, owing to their extraordinary tunable fluorescence emission properties that render them excellent candidates for sensing metal ions. The detection of metal ions in aqueous solutions with high sensitivity is very i [...]

by John Old  and Cornelis Harteveld

Received: 03 July 2017;  Published: 14 August 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1703005

Carrier screening for the haemoglobinopathies has undergone many technological improvements in haematological and molecular diagnostic techniques since the first prenatal diagnoses by DNA analysis in the 1970s by Southern blot analysis enabled the implementation of effective successful prevention programmes for beta thalassaemia involving public education, carrier screening, genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis in Mediterranean countries. The application of a wide variety of PCR-based molecular diagnostic tec [...]

by Ana Pérez-González  and Ismael El Hajra

Received: 17 November 2024;  Published: 13 May 2025;  doi: 10.21926/rpn.2502010

In recent years, the incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) has risen significantly in the Western population, pointing toward the potential influence of environmental and dietary factors. In order to explain this, some research on nutritional therapy identifies exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) as a highly effective approach for managing IBD in children. This treatment achieves high remission rates; more specifically, some clinical trials have reported remission rates from 70% to 100%. EEN not only facilita [...]