by Sonal Mishra  , Neha Kumari  , Donat-P. Häder  and Rajeshwar P. Sinha

Received: 03 January 2022;  Published: 16 March 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2201011

Cyanobacteria are the most ancient phytoplankton that first appeared at least 2.5 billion years ago and have a prolonged evolutionary history. They can form impenetrable and toxic blooms in aquatic ecosystems such as freshwater and marine environments. Cyanobacterial blooms produce cyanotoxins that endanger ecosystem functioning and deteriorate water quality used for recreation, drinking, and in fisheries, thus, adversely affecting human health and the economy. Some bloom-producing genera are Aphanizomenon, Plankto [...]

by Yenlajai JaneFrances Banseka  and Suiven John Paul Tume

Received: 03 March 2024;  Published: 19 April 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2402010

Bacteriological contamination of water sources, often due to improper handling of human waste, poses significant public health risks. This study investigates coliform bacteria contamination in water sources across the Fako Division of Cameroon. Twenty water samples were collected from various sources, including streams, community water, springs, boreholes, and wells, and analyzed for total coliforms using Violet-Red-Bile-Lactose (VRBL) Agar. Additionally, 352 household questionnaires were administered in four towns [...]

by Masoume M. Raeissi  and Rob Knapen

Received: 07 April 2025;  Published: 12 August 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2503028

Environmental science addresses critical global challenges, including climate change, biodiversity loss, and sustainability. These complex topics generate a vast amount of both structured and unstructured data, from remote sensing output to policy documents, guidelines, and scientific literature. Effectively processing and utilizing this information is essential for advancing research and supporting decision-making. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding an [...]

by T.V. Ramachandra  , Tulika Mondal  , Bharath Settur  and Bharath H Aithal

Received: 24 July 2023;  Published: 01 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2304052

The knowledge of landscape dynamics aids in evolving strategies for the prudent management of natural resources to sustain ecosystem services. The availability of spatiotemporal remote sensing data with advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms has aided in assessing the ecological status in urban environments, markedly revealing complex patterns and interactions. The current communication presents landscape dynamics in the Bengaluru Urban district from 1973 to 2022 using a s [...]

by Christopher H. Vane  , Alexander W. Kim  , Darren Beriro  , Mark R. Cave  , Stephen R. Lowe  , Raquel A. Lopes dos Santos  , Antonio M. P. J. Ferreira  , Christopher Collins  , C. Paul Mathanail  and Vicky Moss-Hayes

Received: 05 March 2021;  Published: 28 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102012

Total organic carbon (TOC), black carbon (BC), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) were determined in 73 surface (0-2 cm) and subsurface (5-20 cm) soil samples taken from a 142 km2 area in Central London, UK. Soils were assessed to provide a baseline chemistry for site owners, developers, occupiers and regulators involved in understanding the potential risk to human health and the environment. TOC range was 1.75-11.85 % (mean 5.82 %), BC 3.7 [...]

by Abdol Aziz Shahraki

Received: 18 September 2021;  Published: 17 December 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2104035

This research suggests optimal planning and designing techniques for tourism complexes in urban master planning. Firstly, it explains the importance of the tourism industry through the theories of scholars and experts. It also emphasizes the connection between the development of urban economies and the tourism industry. This helps integrate the tourism industry and comprehensive regional/urban planning. It starts with planning and designing the tourism complexes in the early stages of the municipality’s master plan [...]

by Erina White  , Farzane Mohseni  and Meisam Amani

Received: 28 August 2021;  Published: 04 November 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2104028

The vitality of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is threatened by many human-made impacts. Monitoring this ecosystem makes it possible to study the general condition and the health of the GBR. However, due to the large extent of the GBR and limited accessibility in the ocean environment, mapping and monitoring this ecosystem has been always challenging task and connived. In this regard, Remote Sensing (RS) is an effective technique that provides valuable information for mapping and monitoring this ecosystem. In an atte [...]

by Christiano Lima Machado  and Carlos Eduardo Sanches de Andrade

Received: 23 September 2022;  Published: 31 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2301015

The amount of greenhouse gases has been growing dramatically in recent decades, producing global warming and causing climate change that affects the entire planet. To mitigate these emissions, several nations have committed to implementing measures to reduce emissions of these gases, with carbon dioxide being the main one. The transport sector is one of the leading carbon emitters. It needs to be the object of attention from government authorities and private companies so that sustainable solutions are planned and [...]

by Salah Vaisi  , Honia Modares Gorji  and Narmin Shafei

Received: 07 January 2024;  Published: 17 May 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2402012

Visual comfort affects the quality of classrooms as well as student learning. A practice-oriented approach discovers how the gap between academic research and its application in building design can be addressed. Nevertheless, the physical characteristics design of daylighting systems, including window sizes, shapes, dimensions, and materials, are considered fundamental challenges for their practicability. In this study, the physical characteristics design of daylighting systems, including window sizes, shapes, dime [...]

by Jaspreet Kaur  , Khushveer Kaur  , Khushwinder Kaur  , Avtar S. Matharu  and Surinder K. Mehta

Received: 14 December 2022;  Published: 14 April 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2302027

Continued industrialization, urbanization and ecological destruction have caused significant environmental problems, particularly increased water pollution. Introducing harmful organic and inorganic effluents into watercourses has limited the supply and accessibility of safe and affordable drinking water. There is an urgent need to find green and sustainable abatement solutions for water remediation, many based on nanoparticles. The primary objective of this review is to explore and have a comprehensive discussion [...]

by Sonica Sondhi  , Navleen Kaur Chopra  , Aditya Kumar  and Naveen Gupta

Received: 21 February 2023;  Published: 05 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2302030

A multicopper oxidase, laccases catalyze the four-electron reduction of the substrate with the use of molecular oxygen. Laccases are abundant in nature and can be found in virtually every form of life on the planet. Generally speaking, laccases are classified into three types: blue, white, and yellow. Plant, bacterial and fungal laccases all have the same trinuclear copper site for substrate reduction. Non-phenolic as well as phenolic molecules are both capable of being catalyzed by this enzyme. Laccases are used i [...]

by Mieczysław Szyszkowicz

Received: 14 April 2021;  Published: 10 June 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102014

Each country has its own characteristics of COVID-19 infection trajectory and epidemic waves. Differences in government-implemented restrictions and social regulations result in variability of the virus transmissions and spread dynamics. This in turn results in various shapes of the growth function used to represent and describe the propagation of infection. Statistical methods are applied to fit non-linear functions to represent daily time-series data of the cumulative numbers of COVID-19 cases. The aim of this wo [...]

by Ilir Deva  and Renata van der Weijden

Received: 15 October 2021;  Published: 23 December 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2104037

Due to climate change, flood-related disasters are expected to increase. Floods generate enormous amounts of waste, including electronic waste (e-waste). E-waste should be recovered not only because it can have detrimental effects on human health and the environment but also because of the valuable metals contained in it. In this study, a system dynamics model based on current practices and waste management was established using Vensim to determine the revenue that can be generated by e-waste recycling after floods [...]

by Xiaoli Xie  , Xiangyang Mu  , Nan Tao  and Shi Yin

Received: 06 September 2022;  Published: 28 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2301013

Value co-creation in the digital innovation ecosystem is of great practical significance for promoting enterprise advantages and high-quality economic development. Digitalization reshapes the logic of value co-creation. Innovation activities are no longer focused only on the internal enterprise but also occur in the ecosystem of interaction and sharing with other heterogeneous and diverse subjects. How can value co-creation be achieved between the digital innovation ecosystems and how can they be coupled between th [...]

by Lordwin Girish Kumar Jeyakumar  , David B. McKenzie  , Yuanmei Zhang  , Lakshman Galagedara  , Shabtai Bittman  and Derek Hunt

Received: 30 December 2020;  Published: 28 June 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102016

Subsurface tile drainage installation helps to maintain water table levels and to meet adequate crop moisture requirements. Artificial subsurface drainage continues to be a common practice in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) and elsewhere around the world. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of DRAINMOD in simulating water table depth (WTD) and water outflow from tile drained agricultural fields. This site on the Avalon Peninsula of Eastern Newfoundland has a rolling landscape with predom [...]

by Cristina Lull  , Antonio Lidón  and María Desamparados Soriano

Received: 25 March 2022;  Published: 10 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2202024

Soil pollution is a major challenge for ensuring a healthy environment and for human health. One of the critical points in soil pollution policy is the education and public awareness of the problem caused by soil pollution. Education influences decision-making on soil and water care. It is crucial to spread knowledge to undergraduate and graduate students about the determinantal effects of soil pollution on ecosystems and humans, considering today’s students are tomorrow’s guardians of soil and human health. A cour [...]

by Brenda T. Mbibueh  , Reeves M. Fokeng  and Suiven J.P. Tume

Received: 29 September 2021;  Published: 30 December 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2104038

Land-use change is one of the main indicators of soil quality. Soil physical and chemical properties vary with land use change and altitude as inferred from transect surveys and toposequences. Soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) are essential macronutrients for plant growth and soil nutrient balance. Their presence in the soil in appropriate quantities is important for maintaining crop yields and farmers income, particularly in developing countries where resources of soil chemical additives may be limite [...]

by Pierfrancesco Morganti  , Gianluca Morganti  , Maria Beatrice Coltelli  , Wladimir E Yudin  , Hong-Duo Chen  and Alessandro Gagliardini

Received: 16 March 2022;  Published: 23 May 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2202021

Approximately 75% of textile waste is generated annually worldwide, as there is a dearth of viable recycling strategies. It has been estimated that textile industries can be responsible for approximately 20% of global water pollution. As a consequence, if not properly managed, the cost of waste management of textile waste will be trillions of dollars annually. Moreover, the generated wastes are detrimental to the environment and public health. On the other hand, there is a possibility that the majority of the waste [...]

by Amber Bonnington  , Meisam Amani  and Hamid Ebrahimy

Received: 13 August 2021;  Published: 14 October 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2104024

Since oil exploration began, oil spills have become a serious problem. When drilling for oil, there is always a risk of an oil spill. With the new development of technology over the years, oil spill detection has become much easier making the clean-up of a spill to happen much faster reducing the risk of a large spread. In this study, remote sensing techniques were used to detect the Deep-water Horizon oil spill through a change detection method. The change detection method allows the viewer to determine the differ [...]

by Andreas Miles-Novelo  and Craig A. Anderson

Received: 30 August 2022;  Published: 24 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2302034

As the climate crisis has progressed, scientists have begun to ask, "How does a rapidly warming ecosystem impact human behavior?" As aggression scholars and non-professional environmentalists, it has become increasingly clear that the impact of the climate crisis, without intervention, will dramatically increase humans' exposure to risk factors known to cause aggressive and violent behavior. This article describes a model that explains the indirect and direct effects of the climate crisis on aggression and violence [...]

by George William Nyakairu  , Mariam Onize Usman  and Muhammad Ntale

Received: 24 February 2023;  Published: 24 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2302033

Developing adsorbents with appreciable morphology will create new approaches for better phosphate adsorption performance. This study aims to investigate the design of an adsorbent by impregnating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) onto calcium oxide-activated carbon (CaO-AC). The Ag/CaO-AC nanocomposite was used as an adsorbent to remove phosphate. Batch adsorption studies were performed to evaluate the effects of adsorbent dose, initial phosphate concentration, contact time, and pH on removing phosphate from an aqueous [...]

by Mario Lefebvre

Received: 26 September 2022;  Published: 08 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204049

A filtered Poisson process is proposed as a model for river flows. With the help of real-life data, the model parameters are estimated. Mathematical formulae are derived in order to estimate the various return periods of the river. An application to two rivers shows that the point estimates are very close to the corresponding values computed by hydrologists, based on historical data. Moreover, by modifying the values of the parameters in the model, we can see the potential effects of climate change on the return pe [...]

by Kristin Shrader-Frechette

Received: 09 February 2022;  Published: 17 August 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2203031

Many multinational retail companies are exposed to financial risk related to climate change. Carbon management is important in keeping global temperature increases below 1.5°C to prevent the exacerbated impacts of climate change. Auchan Retail in Auchan Holding provides a good example of carbon management in the retail sector. Auchan Retail's major emissions are the indirect emissions throughout their value chain (scope 3 emissions). The total estimated emission of scopes 1, 2 and 3 are 37,822,573.9 t CO2e. [...]

by Alison Knoblauch  and Paul Dargusch

Received: 24 January 2022;  Published: 05 May 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2202018

The earth’s climate is warming, increasingly straining the Earth’s human and environmental systems. Organisations are increasingly committing to net zero emissions by mid-Century to set and communicate their ambition to limit global warming to the peak temperature goals of the Paris Agreement. However, for many companies, the pathway to delivering against this ambition remains unclear – and significant investment in technical, social and economic systems required before this target becomes a reality. This paper ana [...]

by Rakesh Chandra Nainwal  , Premchand Chaurasiya  , Arun Kumar  , Mohan Singh  , Devendra Singh  and Shri Krishna Tewari

Received: 14 March 2024;  Published: 12 June 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2402015

Soil salinization is a significantconstraint affecting the productivity of agricultural land worldwide. This led to the abandoning of the production of farmcrops on colossalland. Soil salinity inversely affects seed germination and plant growth and influences the plant’s biological activities like photosynthesis, respiration, plant metabolism, enzymatic activities, hormone regulation, etc. Therefore, efforts are being made to bring the saline soil under cultivation by improving itthrough a proper drainage sys [...]