by Faraz Estelaji  , Alireza Naseri  and Rahim Zahedi

Received: 08 October 2022;  Published: 26 December 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2204057

Crisis management assessment and planning include many components. One of the essential elements is the review and analysis of the structure of the existing situation and the performance of Vital services in the face of critical cases. During the occurrence of natural disasters, the issue of crisis management is crucial in order to reduce the damages caused by the crisis. One thing that reduces the damages is the correct and timely access of critical relief centers such as fire departments, emergency, police force, [...]

by Hana Alharbi  and Miao He

Received: 16 April 2023;  Published: 31 August 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2303191

The aim of newborn screening (NBS) program is to detect and manage treatable conditions in the early stages prior to the occurrence of long-term and irreversible sequalae. Phenylketonuria was the first screened disorder, but panels rapidly expanded after the introduction of tandem mass spectrometry technology into the program. Significant differences in the diseases screened by NBS were noted between programs in United States. Therefore, the recommended uniform screening panel was developed in 2006 to include a lis [...]

by Daniel Goyal  , Fatma Mansab  , James Neil  and Jaleel Miyan

Received: 05 March 2019;  Published: 28 June 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1902031

Background: Research into the effects of microflora on health and in disease has increased recently. Such enthusiasm seems well placed. Should the preliminary studies translate through the larger, more powerful studies, the medical community may well have an entirely new platform from which to intervene for health and against disease. Methods: Delineating the pathways involved in the microflora and host interaction is likely to yield further avenues for intervention. Here we examine autonomic function and correlate [...]

by Eugene Adamovich  , Eugenia Buryanskaya  , Anthon Elfimov  , Irina Maklakova  , Oleg Gradov  , Margaret Gradova  and Theodor Orehov

Received: 27 December 2022;  Published: 29 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2302022

In this paper, starting with an introductory review of the applications of liquid crystals and polymer-dispersed liquid crystal systems in (bio)sensors and microfluidics, the possibilities of visualizing self-organization products of liquid crystalline media or field-induced instabilities of liquid crystalline systems are considered. In particular illustrated cases, it is proposed to use FemtoScan software-containing metrological complexes to visualize instabilities in liquid crystalline systems and products of sel [...]

by George Z. Voyiadjis  and Peter I. Kattan

Received: 27 October 2020;  Published: 10 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2102021

A robust mathematical method for the characterization of damage in carbon nanotubes is presented the presentation here is limited to elasticity. In this regard, the second and third order elastic stiffnesses are employed. All this is based on damage mechanics. The hypotheses of elastic strain equivalence and elastic energy equivalence are utilized. A new damage variable is proposed that is defined in terms of the surface area. This is in contrast to the classical damage variable which is defined in terms of the cro [...]

by Christopher Igwe Idumah  , Ifeanyi Emmanuel Okoye  and Chioma Joan Ikebudu

Received: 05 September 2024;  Published: 02 February 2025;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2501005

3-Dimension printing (3-DPT) or additive manufacturing (AM) technology has been utilized for a while in the construction of customized 3-D objects utilizing computer software such as computer-aided design (CAD). However, the emergence of an innovative and new four-dimensional printing (4-DPT) has enabled the synergy of AM technology with programmable materials in transforming digital processes virtually into physical entities, thereby providing innovation and advanced functionalities. 4-DPT is a procedure facilitat [...]

by Michel Z. Fidelis  , Elaine Trojan de Paula  , Eduardo Abreu  , Maria E.K. Fuziki  , Onelia A. A. dos Santos  , Rodrigo Brackmann  and Giane G. Lenzi

Received: 18 September 2023;  Published: 22 September 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2303023

Due to its similar characteristics to titanium, niobium has become an attractive alternative in photocatalytic processes. Research indicates that titania has an optimal percentage of phases resulting in a commercial catalyst, P25, that contains more than 70% anatase with a minor amount of rutile and a small amount of amorphous phase. On the other hand, for Nb2O5, percentage optimization was little explored in the literature, which consists of studying the phases obtained via heat treatment individually and in diffe [...]

by Alicia M Teagarden  , Emma M Tillman  and Courtney M Rowan

Received: 24 April 2018;  Published: 29 October 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1804022

Background: Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) patients are a high-risk population for poor nutrition and decreased survival. There is little data on how nutrition in pediatric HCT patients affects need for critical care interventions and outcomes. Methods: We hypothesized that patients who did not meet goal nutrition by 72 hours post-admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) had increased in-hospital mortality and increased need for critical care interventions. We performed a retrospective cohort stud [...]

by Navid Khaleghimoghaddam  and Sara Arzhangi

Received: 11 April 2025;  Published: 31 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2503294

The acoustic design of indoor environments encompassing spatial configuration, material properties, and sound absorption significantly influences auditory perception and psychological well-being. This study examines the interaction between architectural acoustics, musical stimuli, and neural responses within a controlled therapeutic context, focusing on their effects on stress reduction and relaxation. Electroencephalography (EEG) was utilized to measure brain activity in 24 participants exposed to six musical inst [...]

by Domenic John DiPietro  and Maria Gabriela Bidart

Received: 02 March 2023;  Published: 28 September 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2303039

Worldwide, human population growth has led to a higher demand for urbanization. While this development is in accordance with our gregarious lifestyles, our availability and contact with nature has consequentially been minimized. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether sounds from nature versus urban environments affect vital signs (i.e., heart rate and respiration rate) and mood states of female college students. Emotional states were assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) questionn [...]

by Danae M. Maes  , August Finke  , Chuck R. Smallwood  , J. Bryce Ricken  , Jerilyn A. Timlin  and Anne M. Ruffing

Received: 11 April 2022;  Published: 14 June 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2202025

Expanded industrial globalization has resulted in the release of high concentrations of heavy metals into environmental water sources and soils. Phytoremediation may help to remove these heavy metals from contaminated soils. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Shreb.) exhibits phytoremediation potential due to its endurance and high stress tolerances. Here, we report photochemical and structural responses in tall fescue to acute and chronic doses of heavy metals, copper (Cu) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). Visual si [...]

by Joseph S. D'Arrigo

Received: 08 December 2021;  Published: 29 March 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2201117

Cerebrovascular atherosclerosis, and several other cardiovascular (or "inflamm-aging" type) diseases, are more frequent and advanced in subjects with Alzheimer's disease compared with normal aging. In addition, the observed pathogenic link to dementia (and its associated cerebral microvascular damage) is readily explained by alterations of arterial elasticity. A therapeutic strategy to delay dementia could be based upon localized drug delivery, using lipid nanocarriers (i.e., biobased nanoemulsion technology), targ [...]

by Lisa Vogelgesang  , Damien Moore  and Paul D. Loprinzi

Received: 12 April 2020;  Published: 15 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002020

by Zachary Zeigler  , Jacob Lawrence  , Alexa Jamison  and Pete Salzano

Received: 02 August 2021;  Published: 02 September 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2103027

Statistical modeling indicated that COVID-19 would have afflicted more than 60% of the US population. Social distancing, self-quarantine, and widespread shutdowns were imposed. The push to stay at home and the decreased availability of exercise facilities have potentially reduced physical activity (PA). The purpose of this observational, correlational study was to determine if there is a relationship between PA level and symptoms of COVID-19. Subjects were asked to complete a single Survey Monkey questionnaire. The [...]

by Hermann Moisl

Received: 28 August 2022;  Published: 01 February 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2301152

Moisl [1, 2] proposed a model of how the brain implements intrinsic intentionality with respect to lexical and sentence meaning, where 'intrinsic' is understood as 'independent of interpretation by observers external to the cognitive agent'. The discussion in both was mainly philosophical and qualitative; the present paper gives a mathematical account of the distance structure preservation that underlies the proposed mechanism of intrinsic intentionality. The three-layer autoassociative multilayer perceptron (aMLP) [...]

by Gerhard Litscher

Received: 05 January 2025;  Published: 07 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2501003

Acupuncture, an ancient practice in traditional Chinese medicine, is founded on understanding of human physiology and the dynamics of energy flow (Qi). The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern medicine presents opportunities to integrate advanced technologies into acupuncture, enhancing diagnostic precision and empirical validation. AI tools can analyze complex datasets, model energy flow dynamics, and provide evidence-based insights, potentially bridging traditional methodologies with scientific par [...]

by Vincenzo Prisco  , Bernadette Donnarumma  and Lorenzo Prisco

Received: 27 March 2020;  Published: 03 December 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2004079

Anecdotal evidence suggests the possible association of psychiatric disorders with Mӧbius sequence, although the evidence is not conclusive. Intermittent presentation of auto-aggressive outbursts, in particular, could be related to Mӧbius sequence, different from the common psychotic symptoms. The present report describes the clinical case of a young man with Mӧbius syndrome who exhibited a complex representation of severe mental retardation and concomitant psychiatric disorders. Extremely rare psychiatric disorder [...]

by Buti Obaid Saeed Alfalahi  , Imane Lamdjad  , Mustafa Alnujaifi  , Noaman Atallah Alheety  and Abdul Qayyum

Received: 05 February 2024;  Published: 12 June 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2402242

Understanding the impact of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) on plant gene expression is crucial for unlocking its full potential as a tool for crop improvement and stress tolerance. Melatonin has emerged to have several influences on the transcriptional activity of numerous genes, helping to orchestrate plant responses to environmental cues. Furthermore, it has been shown that melatonin signaling pathways control downstream gene expression to ensure proper plant growth and development. Therefore, clearing [...]

by Andrey Koptyug  , Yurij Sukhovei  , Elena Kostolomova  , Irina Unger  and Vladimir A. Kozlov

Received: 14 April 2023;  Published: 22 December 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2304263

Understanding processes related to human aging and rejuvenation relies on experimental data and advanced models operating at different levels. There are several existing conceptual and specific modeling approaches. However, one of the existing tasks is compiling generic models linking properties at cell and cell-element levels to properties at systemic levels - tissue, organ, and whole body. One of the critical issues in the relevant models is the enormity of interacting components at the cell and sub-cell levels n [...]

by Matthieu Tshanga  , Faidance Mashauri  and Pierre Mashala

Received: 19 September 2024;  Published: 16 April 2025;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2502019

This study examines the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Mutoshi mining environment in Kolwezi, Democratic Republic of Congo, addressing gaps in understanding the impact of mining on water quality. Despite the DRC's vast water resources, only 26% of the urban population has access to safe drinking water, with the Mutoshi aquifer, providing over a quarter of Kolwezi's drinking water, facing deterioration due to underlying copper and cobalt-rich geological formations. Groundwater and geological sam [...]

by Mohammed Mustafa  , Salman Pervaiz  and Ibrahim Deiab

Received: 23 February 2024;  Published: 18 June 2024;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2402013

This paper investigates the effect of rake angle, α, cutting edge radius, r, and feed rate, f, on the cutting force and cutting zone temperature during orthogonal dry cutting of Ti6Al4V. A numerical model representative of the 2D orthogonal cutting process is developed using ABAQUS/Explicit software. Johnson-Cook, (JC) constitutive material model is used to describe material plasticity. JC damage model and energy-based fracture criterion are used to describe damage initiation and evolution. Using Minitab-19 softwar [...]

by Rezarta Lalo  , Fatjona Kamberi  and Vjollca Ndreu

Received: 06 January 2023;  Published: 15 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2302169

Pregnancy and postpartum periods are known as sensitive periods in women’s life and COVID-19 pandemic seems to be worsening their mental health with major impacts on exclusive breastfeeding duration. Therefore, the present study aims to fill the gap in the literature by assessing the links between postpartum anxiety and depression symptoms and breastfeeding duration as well as the associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal prospective observational study was conducted between November and [...]

by Emad Fadhal

Received: 18 January 2024;  Published: 24 May 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2402236

The RAS signaling pathway is a crucial cell transduction pathway central to transmitting signals from outside the cell to the cell nucleus and influencing fundamental biological mechanisms like cell growth, division, and specialization. This signaling pathway has recently received much attention in scientific research because of its involvement in various diseases, especially carcinogenesis. Our study identified the significance of crucial proteins in the RAS signaling cascade in cancer development and progression. [...]

by Robert T. Rubin

Received: 14 March 2019;  Published: 18 April 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.1902025

There are several definitions of sympathy, empathy, and compassion on the internet. I have chosen the above definitions to emphasize their salient differences, for the following reason: In medical school, in the early 1960s, we were taught not to sympathize with patients, but to empathize: By empathizing, one can retain some professional objectivity toward the patient, in order to be of some help. To sympathize, on the other hand, was to immerse oneself in the patient’s suffering and lose one’s professional per [...]

by Despina Vamvuka  , Katerina Esser  , Dimitrios Marinakis  and George Kalantzakis

Received: 02 November 2022;  Published: 11 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2301005

This work aimed at evaluating all products from the low-temperature pyrolysis (350°C) of some industrial wastes, cotton stems and seeds (CSS), grape husks and curls (GRH), undigested sewage sludge (USS) and their blends in a fixed bed system and suggesting their possible applications. Solid and liquid products, biochars, and bio-oils were analyzed using various techniques by physicochemical, mineralogical, and chemical analyses. Gases were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using a thermogravimetric-mass [...]