by Abhay Vashishth  , Mohd Shuaib  , Tanya Bansal  and Shashank Kumar

Received: 03 September 2022;  Published: 21 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2302183

Lung cancer is a leading cause of death among all the cancer worldwide and it has the highest occurrence and mortality rates. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) induced tuberculosis has been known as one of the risk factors for lung carcinogenesis. The exact mechanism of MTB is understood to date. Several research and epidemiological studies about the link between tuberculosis and lung cancer exist. It has been proposed that tuberculosis causes chronic inflammation, which increases the risk of lung cancer by creating [...]

by Alpha Chukwumela Ajie  , Mohammed Moore Ojapah  and Endurance Ogheneruona Diemuodeke

Received: 07 February 2023;  Published: 20 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2302020

With their higher sustainability index, biofuels, environmentally-friendly and renewable nature is a viable alternative energy source in the transportation sector. This study presents the effect of waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel on performance, combustion, and emission from a compression ignition engine. The biodiesel was blended with diesel in varying proportions of 5% biodiesel and 95% diesel (designated as B5), 10% biodiesel in diesel (B10), 15% biodiesel in diesel (B15), 20% biodiesel in diesel (B20), 50% bi [...]

by Shih-Ang Hsu

Received: 12 March 2023;  Published: 20 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2302037

For wind-wave interaction studies, from the literature, two criteria for the wind sea are used: one is the wave age and the other wave steepness. Analysis of pertinent datasets from a data buoy near the passage of Hurricane Matthew in 2016 indicates that CpU10 = -15 HsLp + 1.3. Here CpU10 is the wave age and HsLp is the wave steepness, where Cp is the phase speed of the peak wave, U10 is the wind speed at 10 m, Hs is the significant wave height, and Lp is the peak or dominant wave length. It is found that 87% of th [...]

by Subodh K. Mital  , Steven M. Arnold  , Brett A. Bednarcyk  and Evan J. Pineda

Received: 23 January 2023;  Published: 20 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2302025

The behavior and response of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs), in particular silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix (SiC/SiC), is affected by many factors such as variation of fiber volume fraction, residual stresses resulting from processing of the composites at high temperature, random microstructures, and the presence of matrix flaws (e.g., voids, pores, cracks etc.) as well as general material nonlinearity and heterogeneity that occurs randomly in a composite. Residual stresses arising from the [...]

by Martin Igbokwe  , Olalekan Olatise  , Thelma Olatise  , Abu Sadiq  , Abayomi Aremu  , Uzodinma Onwuasoanya  , Ahmad Lawal  , Ikechukwu Anosike  , Adegboyega Faponle  , Adam Ochigbo  , Chukwunonso Epundu  , Stephen Asaolu  , Sani Al Hassan  and Rashad Hazem

Received: 19 March 2023;  Published: 19 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2302189

With the rise in the population of patients with End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in Nigeria, there is an increased demand for Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) including kidney transplantation (KT). We present our initial surgical experience and early outcomes with KT at a Nigerian transplant center over 2 years. A 2-year retrospective review of patients who underwent KT was done. Data of both kidney donors and recipients were recorded in designed proformas. Extracted information included demographic characteristics, [...]

by Sumita Jain  , Noufa Khan  , Yena Park  , Densen Cao  and Daniel CN Chan

Received: 02 May 2022;  Published: 15 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2302024

Zinc pyrithione (ZPT) is used to prevent microbial degradation and deterioration of manufacturing starting materials such as plastics, polymers, and latexes. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-bacterial properties of ZPT. Currently, there is insufficient data on the effect of ZPT on viability of commonly encountered bacterial pathogens. We tested the efficacy of ZPT manufactured in the form of film rolls as an anti-bacterial protective layer by using the ASTM–recommended protocol on gro [...]

by Costanza Rossi  , Vincenzo Scorcia  , Massimiliano Borselli  , Giuseppe Giannaccare  , Rossella Spena  and Andrea Lucisano

Received: 20 April 2023;  Published: 15 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2302188

This article aims to provide some personal surgical tips to increase the success rate of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK), a very advantageous yet complex procedure for treating keratoconus. The most troublesome surgical step is obtaining a successful pneumatic dissection of the deep stromal tissue, allowing the exposure of a deep cleavage plane. The following tips may aid the trainee surgeon in mastering this step, among others: performing a deep trephination, using intraoperative anterior segment optica [...]

by Steven D. Ross  , Sydney Rudowski  and Shibani Kanungo

Received: 10 April 2023;  Published: 14 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2302182

Spinal muscular atrophy, a leading cause of infant death, is a neurodegenerative disease classified categorically based on age of onset and achieved motor function. The standard method of diagnosis is through molecular genetic testing, ideally through the newborn screen to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. There are 4 types of spinal muscular atrophy, each with varying degrees of symptoms based on the number of survival motor neurons. Current treatment options include gene therapy and supportive care. Futur [...]

by Rebecca MacDonald  and Anna Zumbansen

Received: 26 February 2023;  Published: 13 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2302024

Group singing as a social musical activity can be used to improve the quality of life, well-being, and overall health of people with dementia and caregivers. Online choirs have gained awareness since the COVID-19 pandemic; however, singing in an online choir is an unsatisfying experience for most choir members in the general population. In order to report on the feasibility of creating an online choir for people with dementia, we studied a successful case of such a choir. This choir began and continued online for o [...]

by Andrea Bellieni  , Beatrice Di Capua  , Emanuele Rocco Villani  , Luca Tagliaferri  , Domenico Fusco  , Maria Antonietta Gambacorta  , Francesco Presta  , Serena Bracci  , Vincenzo Valentini  , Francesco Landi  and Giuseppe Ferdinando Colloca

Received: 17 November 2022;  Published: 13 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302238

New technologies, aging-related changes, and evolution in patients' needs have led to a new scenario in all oncological fields in front of which we have to move on. Technological progress has made it possible to increase the number of patients treated, including elderly patients and generally those at higher risk of toxicity. However, this scenario has led to new problems requiring new skills to be addressed. For this reason, Gemelli-ART (Advanced Radiation Therapy) of Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemell [...]

by Hazal Turasan  , Tahrima B. Rouf  , Tuncay Yilmaz  and Jozef L. Kokini

Received: 26 October 2022;  Published: 12 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2302023

Nanomaterials are now used in almost every field of science; as conductors and electrodes in electronics, as nanodelivery systems in health screenings and drug delivery, as nanofibrils in filtering and textile industry, as nanoparticles in biosensor fabrication for toxin and pathogen detection, and in packaging materials in the food industry. Synthetic materials and plastics accumulate in the environment causing increasing health concerns for their use in food and pharmaceutical products. Therefore, researchers now [...]

by Mona Liza Santana  , Aline Santos e Santos  , Gildomar L.V. Júnior  and Sandra Aparecida de Assis

Received: 24 December 2022;  Published: 12 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302019

Microorganisms that are capable of degrading lignocellulolytic materials can produce extracellular cellulase complexes. Microorganisms are an excellent alternative for the production of cellulolytic complex, since these sources have a high power of multiplication. In this work, we researched the production by the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa. The production and pH and temperature optimum optimization were studied by Response surface methodology and carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) characterization. Thermal stabi [...]

by C. Shah Kabir

Received: 28 March 2023;  Published: 12 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2302019

Investigations on two-phase gas/liquid flow in pipes have been under study for nearly six decades. These studies have significantly assisted in managing fluid flow in the wellbore and surface networks, leading to the separation of phases and transmission of oil and gas into the market. This study summarizes some of the main lessons learned in flow through wellbores. Besides understanding some of the fundamental principles, we focused on the practical items of interest: Conventional production scenarios for oil and [...]

by Christopher Lavers

Received: 23 November 2022;  Published: 12 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2302036

This paper reviews the growing importance of satellite imagery to provide Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) maps, relevant to environmental land management assessment, in the context of resource and climate-related conflict based upon our own humanitarian project-related support. Near real-time space-based monitoring benefits land assessment, human rights observers, and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), in the presence of unstable regimes or socio-economic upheaval. Access to areas to validate clai [...]

by Maria Neve Ombra  , Filomena Nazzaro  and Florinda Fratianni

Received: 30 March 2023;  Published: 07 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/rpn.2302008

Edible wild plants are a largely available food at no cost and an emblem of sustainability. Among the numerous varieties of edible wild plants, purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and common mallow (Malva sylvestris L.) are good sources of healthful bioactive compounds. Therefore, there is a growing interest in their consumption for health-related nutritional and sustainable perspectives. Fresh durum wheat tagliatelle fortified with dried and pulverized leaves of mallow or purslane at two distinct percentages of integ [...]

by Úrsula Oswald-Spring

Received: 06 November 2022;  Published: 06 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2302035

The present article studies the policy, numbers, and costs of disaster risk management (DRM) in Mexico, a country highly exposed to climate change, due to two oceans warming up. The PEISOR methodology facilitates interrelating complex interactions and pressures between the natural and the societal system (P), where dangerous effects (E) occur in extreme events, such as floods, landslides, and drought. The impacts (I) of global warming, the pressure of historical poverty, and vulnerable regions were affected by the [...]

by Christopher K. Russell  , Arunima Saxena  and Jeffrey T. Miller

Received: 28 March 2023;  Published: 06 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302018

Previous studies on the conversion of olefins to aromatics with bifunctional Ga- or Zn-ZSM-5 catalysts have concluded that benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) yields are significantly higher than for ZSM-5 alone. These results were attributed to the higher aromatic dehydrogenation rate of Ga or Zn. In this study, a highly active, bifunctional PtZn/SiO2 (1.3 wt% Pt, 2.6 wt% Zn) with H-ZSM-5 (Si/Al = 40) catalyst is investigated for propene aromatization at 723 K and 823 K. At low to moderate propene conversions, in [...]

by Abdulmalik Ahmad Lawan  , Kamaluddeen Ibrahim Yarima  , Hamisu Ibrahim Usman  , Sani Isah Abba  , Haruna Usman Yakubu  and Abdullahi Garba Musa

Received: 05 March 2023;  Published: 05 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2302172

Including learners with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in mainstream classrooms is associated with challenges that could impede their academic participation. However, studies have shown the value of inclusive education, especially when supported with computer technologies, learners with ASD can effectively learn alongside their non-autistic peers. Despite that, there has been minimal research on ASD inclusion with emerging computer technologies. This paper presents a systematic review of the literature on the appli [...]

by S.Amitha Banu  and Khan Sharun

Received: 25 May 2023;  Published: 02 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2302187

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a promising tool in regenerative medicine because it stimulates tissue repair and regeneration. PRP contains a high concentration of platelets, growth factors, and cytokines involved in the healing process. This editorial paper aims to give an overview of PRP in regenerative medicine and its potential applications in various medical fields such as orthopedics, dentistry, dermatology, and wound healing. PRP can be integrated with other regenerative therapies, such as stem cell and gene [...]

by Atena Samarehfekri  , Mohammad Ali Zakeri  , Hemn Kaka Mirza  , Adnan Rashid Aziz  and Mahlagha Dehghan

Received: 21 December 2022;  Published: 02 June 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2302186

Foot reflexology has improved numerous physical and psychological symptoms in patients. The researchers in this study aimed to investigate the effect of foot reflexology on laboratory parameters, intake/output/weight and medication regimen after kidney transplant surgery. The research was a secondary analysis of a parallel randomized controlled trial. The research included patients who were admitted to the transplantation ward. The stratified randomization approach divided 53 eligible patients into two groups: foot [...]

by Behzad Foroutan

Received: 14 January 2023;  Published: 31 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2302023

Aging is a stage of the natural life cycle. It is a set of natural and coordinated growth changes all organs and body systems undergo to burnout. It is impossible to determine the exact time of old age for two reasons. First, the aging process is different for humans due to individual, hereditary factors. Second, aging has a set of physiological, psychological and, social factors. This review aimed to gather appropriate clinical information and facts for clinicians when practicing heart medications in elderly patie [...]

by Lidiane A. Morais  , Francisco L. Castro  , Glauber J.T. Fernandes  , Marcio D.S. Araujo  , Mirna F. Farias  , Ana P.M.A. Guedes  , Valter J. Fernandes Jr  and Antonio S. Araujo

Received: 17 August 2022;  Published: 30 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2302017

The TiO2/MCM-41 nanomaterials were synthesized by impregnation with an excess solvent with different percentages of titanium dioxide. They were used for catalytic degradation of Benzene Toluene Ethylbenzene and Xylenes (BTEX) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous media. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption using the BET method and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The nanostructured phase of the hexagonal ordered materials was obtained even [...]

by Marco La Grua  , Gianfranco Sindaco  , Matteo Zanella  , Irene Grazzini  , Antonio Musio  , Alberto Merlini  , Valentina Paci  , Simone Vigneri  , Carmela Bertone  and Gilberto Pari

Received: 19 November 2022;  Published: 29 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2302171

This study aims to determine if high-voltage PRF could effectively adjunct epidural adhesiolysis (EA) in treating patients with chronic lumbosacral radiating pain (LSRP) and neuropathic characteristics. A total of 409 patients suffering from a single leg-radiating pain lasting for > six months and unresponsive to previous treatments were divided into three different groups: Group 1 consisted of 227 patients suffering from LSRP in lumbar stenosis, 84 treated with EA alone and 143 with PRF-EA; group 2 consisted of [...]

by Eugene Adamovich  , Eugenia Buryanskaya  , Anthon Elfimov  , Irina Maklakova  , Oleg Gradov  , Margaret Gradova  and Theodor Orehov

Received: 27 December 2022;  Published: 29 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2302022

In this paper, starting with an introductory review of the applications of liquid crystals and polymer-dispersed liquid crystal systems in (bio)sensors and microfluidics, the possibilities of visualizing self-organization products of liquid crystalline media or field-induced instabilities of liquid crystalline systems are considered. In particular illustrated cases, it is proposed to use FemtoScan software-containing metrological complexes to visualize instabilities in liquid crystalline systems and products of sel [...]

by Philip Brown  , Dana Buelsing Sowards  , Mary Pittman  , Gisele Leger  and Susan DeSipio Manns

Received: 27 February 2023;  Published: 25 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302237

In August 2022, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) adopted its first-ever nutrition electronic clinical quality measure (eCQM), known as the Global Malnutrition Composite Score (GMCS) as part of the Inpatient Hospital Quality Reporting (IQR) Program. Starting in January 2024, hospitals can self-select to include the GMCS as one of three optional eCQMs for reporting. This article focuses on the importance of addressing malnutrition to improve the overall health of the aging population, reduce preve [...]