by Lisa M. Manderino  , Mary Beth Spitznagel  , Divya Yogi-Morren  , John P. Kirwan  , Sangeeta Kashyap  and John Gunstad

Received: 01 August 2018;  Published: 05 December 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.1804023

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome are linked to pathological changes in the brain and increased likelihood of cognitive impairment. 25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency is commonly found in this population and is associated with cognitive dysfunction in other patient groups. This preliminary study sought to examine whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are is associated with cognitive deficits in this population. Methods: Twenty individuals with T2DM and metabolic syndrome (n = 20, aged 45 to 72) [...]

by Sharon F. Clevenger

Received: 20 December 2020;  Published: 07 February 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2101004

Healthcare workers (HCWs) have been adapting to the changing needs of people worldwide in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this descriptive study was to evaluate how HCWs are managing dietary self-care needs during the increased stress-load of the COVID-19 pandemic and determine if nutritional changes are being made that could place them at higher risk for mental health problems. A cross-sectional epidemiological nonprobability snowball sampling design was used to expand access to participants. Occ [...]

by Arianna Massaro  , Ana B. Muñoz-García  , Mariarosaria Tuccillo  , Michele Pavone  and Pier Paolo Prosini

Received: 02 November 2020;  Published: 10 June 2021;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2102022

The current state-of-the-art quantum mechanics methodologies were applied to derive information on the bulk and surface properties of the P2-type layered oxide Na0.85Li0.17Ni0.21Mn0.64O2 (NLNMO), a cathode material. The special quasi-random structure (SQS) approach was employed to identify the arrangement of Li, Ni, and Mn ions in a supercell containing 115 atoms. Both the cell parameters and atomic positions were determined from DFT-PBE+U calculations to highlight specific distortions induced by the dopants (Ni an [...]

by Ana Valado  , Polina Ponedilok  , Armando Caseiro  and Leonel Pereira

Received: 22 July 2023;  Published: 29 November 2023;  doi: 10.21926/rpn.2304024

Noncommunicable diseases (NCD), such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), are responsible for the majority of annual deaths worldwide. Dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, among others, can enhance the onset of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The integration of natural products in the diet, such as marine macroalgae or hydrocolloids extracted from them, has been extensively studied. The application of these substances in the prevention of pathologies is expanding due to the high content of bioactive compounds [...]

by Maria Kontodiou  , Vassilis Paspaliaris  , Themistoklis Dagklis  , Elisavet Siomou  , Ahmed Hamid Al-Rikabi  , Kalliopi Tsita  , Theano Stavroulaki  , Andreas Pampanos  , Apostolos Zavlanos  , Georgios Papaioannou  , Ioannis Papoulidis  , Loretta Thomaidis  and Emmanouil Manolakos

Received: 30 May 2018;  Published: 16 September 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803035

Background: Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) are structurally abnormal chromosomes, and their characterization exclusively by banding cytogenetics is almost impossible. Multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization approaches for their characterization are effective but expensive and time-consuming. Recently, the application of molecular karyotyping has resulted in improving the characterization of sSMC. Methods: Molecular karyotyping was used for the identification of a sSMC in this study. Results: In [...]

by Boris S. Yurchak

Received: 28 July 2020;  Published: 10 November 2020;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2004002

To increase the amount of information on the intensities of tropical cyclones (TC) used in climate research, the possibility of additional estimates of the intensity of a TC by exploring historical data of conventional (non-Doppler) airborne and coastal radars is considered. Based on the hyperbolic-logarithmic spiral (HLS) model of the streamline in the TC, an assessment of the maximum wind speed in hurricanes Cleo (1958), Carolina (1975) and Alicia (1983) was made. Literature sources containing radar signatures of [...]

by Ashwini M. Namasivayam-MacDonald  , Luis F. Riquelme  and Sonja M. Molfenter

Received: 02 June 2020;  Published: 29 July 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2003129

The Cobb angle is traditionally used for quantifying the degree of spinal curvature through evaluation of the full spinal cord. When conducting measurements on videofluoroscopy swallowing studies (VFSS), the Cobb angle can measure degree of cervical vertebrae curvature, which may have implications for swallowing. Given that this measure may have utility in dysphagia research, the reliability of this measure taken from C2-C4 and establishing the presence of changes with age were the focus of the current, proof-of-pr [...]

by Shibani Kanungo  , Samantha A. Vergano  , Thomas Clark  , Rami Madani  , Melissa Schott  , Kira Couch  , Rubie Villela  and Natalie White

Received: 07 September 2023;  Published: 12 January 2024;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2401210

Krabbe disease (KD), a severe neurodegenerative disorder, has been controversial in the space of newborn screening (NBS) in the United States. Families continue to advocate for the addition of KD to the Recommended Uniform Screening Panel (RUSP) after being declined for the second time in February 2023. Even with significant progress in KD screening tests, uncertainty about the phenotypic presentations, and effectiveness of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) seems to have impeded the addition of this conditi [...]

by Antonio Vázquez-López  , Marina García-Carrión  , Erlend Hall  , Anisa Yaseen  , Ilknur Kalafat  , María Taeño  , Junjie Zhu  , Xinyu Zhang  , Elif Arici  , Omer Suat Taskin  , David Maestre  , Emilio Nogales  , Pedro Hidalgo  , Julio Ramírez-Castellanos  , Bianchi Méndez  , Neslihan Yuca  , Smagul Karazhanov  , Erik S. Marstein  and Ana Cremades

Received: 09 November 2020;  Published: 08 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2102020

Hybrid composites based on inorganic nanomaterials embedded into a polymer matrix have were synthesized and characterized. Oxide semiconductor nanoparticles (SnO, SnO2, TiO2, Ga2O3, and NiO) and Si nanoparticles were employed as inorganic counterparts in the hybrid composite, while a conductive polymer (PEDOT:PSS) with diverse additives was used as the organic matrix. The composites were spin-coated on Si or glass substrates. The potential use of these materials in photovoltaic devices to improve Si surface passiva [...]

by Mohammed Alsabri  , Kusum Viswanathan  , Fiorella Castillo  , Paridhi Ghai  and Maryam Hemmat Hamrah

Received: 26 December 2020;  Published: 15 April 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2102013

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common hematologic disorders in the world. In the United States, it is the single most common genetic hematologic disorder. The burden of SCD and its complications on pediatric patients is tremendous, especially acute vaso-occlusive pain crises. Although allopathic medicine has provided numerous pain medications to treat this, they do not come without side effects and are not always effective. This review explores complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods of p [...]