by Mamta Saxena  , Anne F. Farrell  and Kari Adamsons

Received: 25 February 2019;  Published: 20 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.1902054

Background: Most individuals with disabilities in the US live in family settings; in some families, siblings are default long-term support providers. Although researchers have explored the roles of parent caregivers, the roles of sibling caregivers need attention. Methods: In this study, we examined caregiving processes and outcomes among 322 adult sibling support providers (SSPs) with a range of support roles. Adapting a model of caregiving outcomes, we used structural equation modeling to assess relationships amo [...]

by Boel De Paepe

Received: 28 February 2019;  Published: 16 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1902079

In order to successfully recover from damage, skeletal muscle tissue requires proper activation of a tightly orchestrated repair program. Non-coding RNAs actively participate in this complex process of demolition and rebuilding. In this review, the contribution of dysregulated non-coding RNA expression to disease-associated pathological changes is explored in hereditary muscular dystrophies and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Disturbances in spatiotemporal expression of non-coding RNAs appear to be key factors [...]

by Christine Demanche  , Jacques Guillot  and Magali Chabé

Received: 22 February 2019;  Published: 15 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1902078

Pneumocystis spp. are a group of fungi that are known for causing opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals. It was only at the end of the 20th century that the scientific community challenged the notion of a unique species in the genus Pneumocystis (i.e., Pneumocystis carinii) that drastically changed the understanding of the natural history of pneumocystosis. It is now accepted that the Pneumocystis genus comprises a group of heterogenous fungi having multiple stenoxenic biological entities. These [...]

by Hagit Daum  , Simcha Yagel  and Mordechai Shohat

Received: 11 March 2019;  Published: 15 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1902077

Background: Fetal exome sequencing is becoming a crucial modality for genetic investigation whenever fetal malformations are documented in the context of normal chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). When ultrasound findings are non-specific, the robustness of exome sequencing may be the only way to achieve a molecular diagnosis during pregnancy. Case: We describe a case of multiple non-specific fetal findings with the eventual diagnosis of fetal Kabuki Syndrome by exome sequencing. Conclusions: This case stresses [...]

by Charles E. Carraher  , Michael R. Roner  , Jessica Frank  , Paul Slawek  , Francesca Mosca  , Kimberly Shahi  , Alisa Moric-Johnson  and Lindsey Miller

Received: 31 January 2019;  Published: 14 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.hg.1902019

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in the USA. Treatment is seldom successful. A wide variety of organotin polymers exhibit good inhibition of human pancreatic cancer cell lines AsPC-1 and PANC-1. The AsPC-1 is an adenocarcinoma pancreatic cell line and PANC-1 which is an epithelioid carcinoma pancreatic cell line. Synthesis is rapid employing commercially available reactants and the interfacial polymerization that is employed in the commercial synthesis of aramids and polycarbonates.

by Laura Alonso Canal  , Cecilia Paredes Mercado  , María José Quiles Blanco  and Marco Motta Calderón

Received: 01 April 2019;  Published: 14 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1902028

Lyme disease is a spirochetal illness transmitted primarily through the bite of ticks. The disease has a broad spectrum of comorbid conditions including osteoarticular, cardiovascular, and neurological involvement. In addition, clinical variability depends on the age of affected individuals. The Center for Disease Control recognizes the disease as an epidemic and mentions it to be a major morbidity burden in our environment because of the frequent lack of diagnosis and early treatment. Scientific literature mention [...]

by Ekta Kumari  , Fernando J. Velloso  and Steven W. Levison

Received: 13 February 2019;  Published: 13 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1902027

A number of studies have highlighted the connection between infections during pregnancy in mothers and increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders later in life leading to the view that maternal immune activation is a significant contributor to psychiatric illnesses. Meta-analyses have revealed associations between the incidence of premature birth and perinatal inflammation with smaller total brain volumes, cognitive, motor and behavioral deficits in childhood and adolescents. In animal studies where inflammati [...]

by Amanda B. Cooper  , Stephen M. Downs  , Nicholas J Skill  , Richard S. Mangus  , Chandrashekhar A. Kubal  and Mary A. Maluccio

Received: 18 March 2019;  Published: 13 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.1902063

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal tumor, for which liver resection and transplantation are the only potentially curative treatments. No prospective, randomized study has compared survival in patients with compensated cirrhosis after the two operations Methods: Decision analysis modeling is an objective method to quantify risks and benefits. This study aimed to use decision analysis with a Markov model to estimate the impact of liver transplant and surgical resection on survival for patients wit [...]

by Karen Harrison Dening  and Zena Aldridge

Received: 26 February 2019;  Published: 10 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.1902053

There has been a strong thrust to identify the needs of people with dementia against a background of person-centred care, however, people with dementia do not exist in isolation; they live within relational contexts with family members. Case management is a model of care that has its origins in supporting patients with a long term disease, however, a very practical approach to case management that can support the care needs of both the person with dementia and the family carers is emerging in the UK. Admiral Nursin [...]

by Paul D. Loprinzi

Received: 30 March 2019;  Published: 10 May 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1902026

Objective: The objective of this paper was to evaluate the extent to which exercise may influence long-term potentiation (LTP), a key cellular correlate of episodic memory function. Methods: Studies were identified using electronic databases, including PubMed, PsychInfo, Sports Discus and Google Scholar. Results: The computerized searches revealed 20 articles meeting the study criteria. Among these 20 evaluated articles, 17 were conducted in an animal model and 3 among humans. All 17 of these studies, with the exce [...]