by Morgan J. Minyo  and Katherine S. Judge

Received: 30 July 2019;  Published: 07 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001104

Through the assessment of previous and current literature on the behaviors experienced by persons with dementia, this review discusses the terminology, conceptual models, measurement techniques, and non-pharmacological interventions employed within behavioral research. Additionally, this review considers the illness experience and the need for more research using self-report methodology with persons with dementia in order to address the current gaps within the behaviour literature. With three main objectives, this [...]

by Foad Haeri  , Deepak Tapriyal  , Christopher Matranga  , Dustin Crandall  and Angela Goodman

Received: 05 September 2021;  Published: 05 November 2021;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2104046

Contact angles were measured for CO2-brine interactions on 20 different rocks that represent the properties of various CO2 storage depositional environments to characterize the wettability during geologic carbon storage. Three different CO2 phases (gaseous, liquid, and supercritical) were considered to investigate the effect of pressure and temperature. Bubbles were studied in two groups of larger and smaller than 500 μm, the latter being more relevant to pore scale. Variation was observed among contact angle measu [...]

by Alexander Manevich  , Simon Shimshon Rubin  , Rachel Ben-Hayun  , Judith Aharon-Peretz  and Michael Katz

Received: 07 September 2020;  Published: 12 March 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2101160

Caregiving for a loved one suffering from cognitive decline involves coping with many challenges and losses. This experience increases the risk of worsening the physical and mental health of the caregiver and has been the subject of a substantial number of studies focusing on the stress and burden of the primary caretaker. Theory and research on the grief reactions experienced by the family members, however, continues to lag in terms of the attention given to the behavioral and psychological burden of caregivers. T [...]

by Bo-Cai Gao  and Rong-Rong Li

Received: 26 April 2021;  Published: 05 July 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2103017

Passive high spatial resolution hyperspectral and multispectral imaging systems in the solar spectral region from aircraft and satellite platforms are being increasingly used for remote sensing of coastal waters and inland lakes. However, the remotely sensed data are often contaminated by the specular reflection of solar radiation at the air/water interface. Thus, the effects of sunglint need to be corrected. The purpose of sunglint correction is to remove the undesired specular reflected portion of radiance that d [...]

by Ana Monteagudo-Sánchez  , Marta Sánchez-Delgado  , Sonia Guara Ciurana  , Jose Medrano  , Maria Eugenia Poo-Llanillo  , Miho Ishida  , Gudrun E. Moore  , Isabel Iglesias-Platas  , Carlos Simón  and David Monk

Received: 29 May 2018;  Published: 29 July 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803026

Background: Symmetrical DNA methylation profiles of autosomal genes are associated with equal expression by both alleles. Genes with an allelic imbalance or monoallelic expression are associated with discrete intervals of allele-specific methylation (ASM), as highlighted by genomic imprinting, X-chromosome inactivation and genotype-driven ASM. However, a more complex pattern has been described in which random monoallelic methylation provides cells with a unique mechanism for modulating allelic dosage. Methods: We c [...]

by Dieter Rehder

Received: 18 December 2019;  Published: 08 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2001002

Vanadium is an element that is widely distributed in Earth’s crust as well as in sea-water and ground-water reservoirs. Therefore, it exerts a great influence on the issues related to life and environment. Vanadium is utilized by several marine organisms. For example, there are vanadate-dependent haloperoxidases in algae and several bacteria, e.g., Azotobacter, use it for nitrogen fixation and bacterial reduction involves the conversion of vanadate to oxidovanadium (IV). The similarity between vanadate and phosphat [...]

by Jun Kohyama

Received: 21 February 2019;  Published: 22 July 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1903034

Background: Several recommendations on optimum sleep duration have been published for adolescents to secure a healthy life. This study aimed to compare the sleep duration of middle and high school pupils in Japan with the recommended values and determined the factors associated with the duration of sleep among them. Methods: A total of 1766 completed questionnaires were obtained from grades 7 to 12 pupils in Japan. The questionnaire addressed the following points: sleeping, eating, defecation, physical activity, sc [...]

by Pierpaolo Di Cocco  , Alberto Fratti  , Kerim B. Kaylan  , Ivo G. Tzvetanov  and Enrico Benedetti

Received: 22 August 2020;  Published: 28 September 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2003119

This article reviews the current treatment strategies of antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplantation, which is increasingly recognized as the leading immunological cause of graft failure. The pathophysiologic complexity of this condition poses significant challenges for its treatment; however, progress toward advancing our understanding of its pathogenesis and diagnosis will allow for identification of new therapeutic targets. Emphasis is also given to prevention, which is mainly based on careful assessme [...]

by Alexander Peller  , Lara Suarez  , Ashleigh Trapuzzano  , Matt S. Stock  and Nicole Dawson

Received: 16 November 2021;  Published: 15 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201188

Gait speed has been correlated to quality of life and has been called the sixth vital sign. The purpose of this study was to understand the factors that comprise fast and comfortable gait speed. 90 older adults provided demographic, cognitive, and functional performance data. Hierarchical linear regression models revealed predictors for comfortable gait speed to be lower-extremity strength ( B = 1.13, β = 0.233, P< .05), comorbid health ( B = −2.95, β = −0.22, P < 0.05), and gender( B = [...]

by Anita Verma  and Anil Dhawan

Received: 14 February 2020;  Published: 11 May 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2002108

The infectious complications before and after liver transplant (LT) are affected by the severity of liver disease and immunosuppression intensity after transplantation. Both cirrhosis and immunosuppression contribute to dysfunction of defensive mechanisms of the host. When a patient is evaluated for transplantation, the opportunity arises to assess the individual’s risk for infection and how one may modify those risks through prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. Pretransplant infectious disease evaluation focus [...]

by Karine Sénécal  , Brigid Unim  and Bartha Maria Knoppers

Received: 19 October 2017;  Published: 14 August 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1803027

The benefits of neonatal screening programs are undeniable: children’s lives are saved, and disease burden and morbidity alleviated. Without a doubt, « classical » neonatal screening programs are in the best interests of newborns. Indeed, those screening programs are recognized among the ten most important public health achievements. However, newborn screening programs raise ethical, legal and social challenges. For example, which criteria should govern whether or not to include a disease in the list of screened co [...]

by Riccardo Misto

Received: 19 November 2020;  Published: 24 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2102019

Using musical scales in a therapeutic key is one of the fundamental music therapy techniques of the Yoga of Sound (Nāda Yoga). The practice consists of singing particular sound formulas (scales), which are devised on a logical mathematical basis formed by specific musical intervals. These scales can bring to the surface, in a clear (objective), recognizable, and predictable way, psycho-emotional states and transform the blocked emotional energies. These blocked emotional energies are caused by repeated emotional st [...]

by Renée J. Zwanenburg  , Trijnie Dijkhuizen  , Martijn J. de Groot  , Sheela Nampoothiri  , Marjolein H. Willemsen  , Eelco Dulfer  , Madhavan V. Thampi  , Nicole de Leeuw  and Conny M.A. van Ravenswaaij-Arts

Received: 13 July 2018;  Published: 21 November 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.1804050

Background: Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), or 22q13.3 deletion syndrome, is a neurodevelopmental disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 20,000 newborns. Although it usually occurs de novo with a low recurrence risk, an increased recurrence risk is observed in some families. In this paper, we provide an overview of the underlying causes of increased recurrence risk in families with PMS and present a workflow aimed at identifying an increased recurrence risk. Methods: First, we report clinical [...]

by Macyn Leung  , Alexander Pipchuk  and Xiaolong Yang

Received: 11 January 2021;  Published: 24 March 2021;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2101127

PD-L1 is an immune checkpoint protein that is frequently overexpressed by the cells in the tumor microenvironment. PD-L1 binds to PD-1 present on the activated antitumor T-cells, which allows for tumor immune escape. The ability of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis to suppress antitumor immunity enables its application as a potential target for small-molecule-based immunotherapies. Targeting the PD-L1-mediated tumor immune evasion represents a promising approach for immune checkpoint blockade therapies. However, the existing mon [...]

by Paulo Henrique Fernandes de Oliveira  and Reginaldo de Carvalho Silva Filho

Received: 29 December 2019;  Published: 15 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2002021

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by facial papules, pustules, erythema, and telangiectasia. Emotional factors such as stress and anxiety may induce and aggravate the symptoms of rosacea. It is hypothesized that tongue acupuncture, a technique that has been used successfully in the treatment of various neurological and psychiatric diseases, could be beneficial in relieving rosacea symptoms. This study evaluated the immediate effect of tongue acupuncture at specific anatomical point [...]

by Temitope Akinjogbin  , Jacob Parnell  and Maria C. Duggan

Received: 05 May 2020;  Published: 13 July 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2003128

Delirium is an acute change in mental status with key features of inattention and disorganized thinking. It is particularly common in older adults, with multiple and varied causes. Delirium increases the risk of morbidity, mortality, institutionalization, and healthcare costs; however, it is often missed because it is difficult to recognize without the use of a validated screening tool. The Age-Friendly Health Systems (AFHS) initiative highlights the need for implementation of a delirium monitoring program in hospi [...]

by Estefanía Espina  , José M. Marbán  and Ana I. Maroto

Received: 29 May 2023;  Published: 23 October 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2304191

Dyscalculia is a math learning disability that significantly interferes with students' academic performance and math-related aspects of their daily lives. Early diagnosis and the design of intervention programs adapted to the needs of each case are essential. In this sense, multiple technological resources are created to address both issues. Still, it is difficult to identify which characteristics they share and which are more relevant regarding didactic suitability. Given this situation, this research proposes cat [...]

by Sheng-Chieh Lu  , Connie W. Delaney  , Mary Fran Tracy  , Chih-Lin Chi  and Karen A. Monsen

Received: 30 December 2019;  Published: 17 February 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2001006

Integrative health (IH) therapies are increasingly used to manage health conditions, but barriers hindering nurses from offering IH therapies persist. Informatics and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches have potential to promote nurses’ professional use of IH therapies. The purposes of this review are to (1) describe the state of the science of informatics and AI approaches promoting nurses’ use of IH therapies and (2) identify gaps in literature for future investigations. This systematic scoping review followe [...]

by Allison B. Ventura  , Barbara I. Kissam  , Kandise Chrestensen  , Ian Tfirn  , Jennifer Brailsford  and Lourdes P. Dale

Received: 27 November 2022;  Published: 24 May 2023;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2302022

Mindful education (ME) in schools can address student well-being and stressors, as well as improve the overall school environment. Implementing a whole-school mindfulness curriculum can be challenging, especially when serving students in both general education and emotional behavioral disorder (EBD) settings. We investigated the feasibility, implementation, and benefits of a whole-school mindfulness curriculum (MindUP) in an urban elementary school. This study is unique in that it investigated how to implement mind [...]

by Cenk Temizel  , Hakki Aydin  , F. Bahar Hosgor  , Cengiz Yegin  and C. Shah Kabir

Received: 25 September 2022;  Published: 28 January 2023;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2301004

In recent years, the oil and gas sector has been moving towards green production methods to achieve net-zero emission goals. Governments and corporations have started large-scale initiatives to deploy advanced technologies to reduce carbon footprints and prevent global warming. Herein, we have explored the emerging techniques and methods used in reducing the effects of gas emissions in the oil and gas industry. The transition process from hydrocarbons to renewable energy resources, including solar thermal applicati [...]

by Deborah R. Simkin  and L. Eugene Arnold

Received: 06 April 2020;  Published: 19 October 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2004040

Teen depression and suicide rates have risen despite conventional treatments. This article reviews adjunctive interventions that may improve outcomes. A search of the National Library of Medicine database used tailored searches with combinations of specific terms. Modern lifestyle is associated with increased inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to, for instance, hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which promotes depression. Inflammation also increases oxidative stress, leadin [...]

by Joana Sousa

Received: 05 October 2023;  Published: 29 February 2024;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2401008

The consistent associations between dampness and health-related problems, such as allergies and asthma symptoms, explain the growing scientific interest in assessing housing characteristics. Due to a growing interest in the built environment, the present study performed a systematic review to investigate the prevalence of dampness related to specific building characteristics. The built environment is gaining significance in population well-being due to the substantial time spent indoors. This aspect is especially n [...]

by Marcel Allbritton  and Carrie Heeter

Received: 30 July 2018;  Published: 09 October 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.1804025

We propose a framework for understanding meditation that can support greater scientific rigor in reporting meditation research, and selecting meditation health interventions. There is no consistent and thorough framework for describing meditation research interventions. This impedes rigor of meditation research design and interpretation of findings. This also limits meaningful comparisons across research studies. The audience for this article includes researchers, meditation experts, healthcare professionals, and t [...]

by Najam A. Sharif

Received: 24 January 2022;  Published: 22 March 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2201116

Glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) associated with different forms of glaucoma and chronic ocular hypertension (cOHT) is characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons in the optic nerves that project to the brain to transmit visual information. The resultant thinning of the optic nerves cause loss of peripheral vision, which if not halted or slowed, can lead to irreversible blindness. Whilst the precise triggering insult(s) for the primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), the most prevalen [...]

by Francesco Sivelli  , Elio Rossi  , Sonia Baccetti  , Mariella Di Stefano  , Eugenia Gallo  and Fabio Firenzuoli

Received: 27 September 2018;  Published: 18 October 2019;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.1904060

Phytotherapy, which is defined as the use of titrated herbal extracts in clinical practice, has been receiving increasing interest in the scientific community recently. In the present report, information regarding the most important mechanisms underlying the drug-drug interactions (DDI) and herb-drug interactions (HDI) has been discussed briefly. Furthermore, the best known and relevant interactions of Ginkgo biloba, Citrus paradisi (Grapefruit Juice), Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle), Hypericum perforatum (St. John [...]