by Doaa Mokhtar  , Amina Abdel-Hamid  , Ahmed Mohamed Mostafa  , Ahmed M.S. Elfanah  , Mohamed A Badawi  , Abdullah A. Saber  , Hoda S. Barakat  and Sara Aly

Received: 23 November 2025;  Published: 20 March 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601330

Salinity poses a danger to food security; hence, it is necessary to create crop types that can withstand salt to meet the growing demand for food. The goal of the current study was to examine the morphological and biochemical responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under salt stress. Salt tolerance in ten wheat cultivars and five selected F1 hybrids was assessed at the germination and seedling stage. Genotypes were assessed for seven traits under control (0 mM NaCl) and salinity stress (150, 200, and 25 [...]

by Ahmad M. Khalil

Received: 27 November 2025;  Published: 17 March 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601329

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from aberrations in insulin secretion or action. Diabetes mellitus still presents as a global health challenge. Conventional diabetes treatment may result in unwanted side effects and/or poor compliance. More personalized and curative approaches to the treatment of DM are required. The review explores recent developments in the fields of genetic and molecular underpinnings of DM, focusing on the revolutionary potential of cell- and Clustered Regularly Intersp [...]

by Noora A. Hadi  , Rehab S. Ramadhan  , Khalid Suhail A. AlAzzawi  , Rebah N. Algafari  , Sura S. Talib  and Rawaa A. Khalaf

Received: 06 December 2025;  Published: 15 March 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601328

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is widely spread among populations. About 3 of 10 people show the symptoms of this disease. Many factors may cause this illness in both types (type 1 and type 2 DM), mainly attributed to insufficient insulin production in type 1 DM or developing insulin resistance in type 2 DM. Genes that control specific biochemical pathways involving glucose metabolism can interfere with the manifestation of this disease when they undergo genetic changes like KRAS. Investigating the role of KRAS in DM. Abou [...]

by Muhammad Muzammal  , Maria Faraz  , Zia Ur Rehman  and Muzammil Ahmad Khan

Received: 03 December 2025;  Published: 09 March 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601327

Male infertility is a growing concern worldwide, with almost half of infertility cases being male, and the trend is rising in China as a result of multifaceted genetics-environment interaction. Important breakthroughs have been made in identifying mutations in annotated protein-coding genes associated with male infertility. However, a significant part of the human genome, namely non-coding DNA, has not yet been explored. Recent breakthroughs in the realm of high-throughput genomic technologies have unveiled the ind [...]

by Rafaele Tavares Silvestre  , Mariana Chantre-Justino  , Mariana Alexandre Bragante  , Paula Lacorte de Carvalho  , Lucas Delmonico  , Gilda Alves  , Maria Helena Ornellas  and Dirce Bonfim de Lima

Received: 31 May 2025;  Published: 04 February 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601326

Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have normalized the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) but have been linked to a premature presentation of age-related comorbidities, including cancer. Telomere length (TL) is a marker of cellular aging and was investigated in blood leukocytes from 78 PLWH on ART, compared with 163 HIV-uninfected controls. The PLWH group was stratified into three subgroups: HIV-only (n = 57), HIV with AIDS-defining cancer (ADC, n = 9), and HIV with NADC (n = 12). Quantitative p [...]

by Manal Hadi Ghaffoori Kanaan  , Beom-Jin Lee  , Sura Saad Abdullah  , Chulhun Park  , Abdolmajid Ghasemian  and Steward Mudenda

Received: 10 October 2025;  Published: 14 January 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601325

Stem cell-derived exosomes (SDEs) have emerged as revolutionary mediators in cancer immunotherapy, offering unprecedented potential to reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). These nano-sized extracellular vesicles, laden with non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), serve as natural biocompatible carriers, capable of orchestrating immune cell dynamics, stromal remodeling, and tumor cell fate. Unlike their tumor-derived counterparts, which often propagate oncogenic signals, SDEs uniquely harbor immun [...]

by Irina G. Udina  , Marina A. Gubina  and Alesya S. Gracheva

Received: 04 June 2025;  Published: 12 January 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601324

The purpose of the study was to consider the distribution of Y-chromosome DNA markers in samples from the populations of the three largest megalopolises (Moscow, Saint Petersburg, and Novosibirsk) in the Russian Federation, in the context of developing genetic databases. The study aimed to compare the frequency profiles of 18 Y-chromosome STRs (Short tandem repeats) and the level of genetic differentiation. Based on FST estimates for the distribution of these 18 Y-chromosome STRs, the senior generations of Moscow a [...]

by Rustam Nailevich Mustafin

Received: 29 September 2025;  Published: 08 January 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601323

Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is one of the most common hereditary tumor syndromes, occurring with an average incidence of 1 in 9,000 newborns worldwide. The disease manifests itself through the development of tumors of the brain, kidneys, heart, lungs, and skin, along with characteristic depigmented spots. Tuberous sclerosis is caused by germline variants in the TSC1 (encoding hamartin) and TSC2 (encoding tuberin) genes. The hamartin-tuberin protein complex, together with the TBC1D7 molecule, inhibits the serine/threoni [...]

by OBM Genetics Editorial Office

Received: 04 January 2026;  Published: 04 January 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601322

The editors of OBM Genetics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2025. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the Web of Sci [...]

by Konstantinos Agiannitopoulos  and Elisavet Kouvidi

Received: 02 May 2025;  Published: 25 December 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2504321

Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies characterized by the dysfunctional proliferation of white blood cells in the bone marrow. Genetic alterations are important risk factors for the development and progression of leukemia, and their detection is crucial. Although many genetic techniques, including karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), have provided valuable information, they all have the limitation of incomplete genomic coverage. The ev [...]