by Nadezhda G. Duplii  , Kirill V. Azarin  , Alexander V. Usatov  , Andrey A. Plotnikov  , Ritu Rani  and Vishnu D. Rajput

Received: 20 February 2025;  Published: 22 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2503305

The present work aimed to study the effects of 10-(6'-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium (SkQ1) on rice (Oryza sativa) plants germinating under flooding conditions. The influence of different concentrations of SkQ1 (mitochondria-targeted antioxidant) on resistance to complete flooding was assessed on rice seedlings of the Kuboyar variety. The total level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), H2O2-induced chemiluminescence, and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (OsSODA (superoxide dismutase A), OsSODB (s [...]

by Alessandro Stasi  and Krittinon Choavaratana

Received: 14 May 2025;  Published: 15 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2503304

Ongoing global conflicts and humanitarian crises have led to unprecedented displacement, including millions of separated children, many of whom, especially infants, cannot be traced using traditional methods. This paper advocates for the establishment of a voluntary, privacy-protected global DNA database, managed by an extra-governmental entity, to facilitate family reunification. It presents a comprehensive socio-technical framework that synthesizes a novel operational model with the requisite legal and ethical sa [...]

by Dagmar Moravčíková  , Jana Žiarovská  and Alžbeta Žiarovská

Received: 17 January 2025;  Published: 15 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2503303

The study of endophytic and rhizosphere microbiota offers considerable potential for applications in agriculture, biotechnology, and bioremediation, given the phytoremediation capacity of Amaranthus cruentus var. Pribina performed a detailed analysis of the root and rhizosphere microbial communities under cadmium (Cd) stress. Although metagenomics provides powerful tools for microbial community profiling, the reproducibility and interpretability of the results are strongly influenced by the data processing strategi [...]

by Lyubov Starodub  , Nataliia Mokhnachova  and Ostap Zhukorskyi

Received: 16 April 2025;  Published: 07 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2503302

Characterization of the non-coding part of the transcriptome is a supplement to the annotation of the genome of living organisms. According to ISSR-fingerprinting data, information is obtained about ancient gene pools, modern gene pools, genetic variability and conservation of breeds and species of farm animals. The aim of the study is to study the molecular genetic component and phylogenetic relationships in the aboriginal Hutsul horse breed and fossil remains of ancient horses using ISSR-PCR markers. The polymorp [...]

by Shayan Balkhi  , Marie Saghaeian Jazi  , Nader Mansour Samaei  , Nahid Rezaie  and Mahtab Farahmandrad

Received: 14 March 2025;  Published: 07 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2503301

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor, with a poor prognosis despite advancements in understanding its biology. Melatonin, a key regulator of metabolism and cellular homeostasis, is known for its neuroprotective and anti-cancer properties. While traditionally linked to pineal gland secretion, emerging evidence suggests that glioblastoma cells can produce melatonin within their mitochondria. This study investigates whether serum shock can influence endogenous melatonin production and mitochon [...]

by Pierre-Yves Maillard  , Sima Tokajian  , Marie Vilaire-Meunier  , Charbel Al Khoury  , Cybel Mehawej  , Eliane Chouery  , Marie-Anne Caillaud  , Louise Maillebouis  , Ines Ben Smida  , Sophie Durand  , Aimé Ravel  , Cecile Cieuta-Walti  , Marie-Noëlle Ungeheuer  , Clotilde Mircher  and André Mégarbané

Received: 05 October 2024;  Published: 03 July 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2503300

To investigate the potential impact of the additional chromosome 21 on the gut microbiome in patients with Down syndrome (DS), two monozygotic (MZ) and two dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs discordant for DS were studied. Whole-genome shotgun sequencing was conducted to analyze the taxonomic and functional profiles of the gut microbial community in the twins and assess whether the gut microbiome composition influences the development of psychological pathologies. Sequencing generated a total of 2,338,132 reads, combined ac [...]

by Oluwafemi G. Oluwole  , Kili James  and Ambroise Wonkam

Received: 16 January 2025;  Published: 26 June 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2502299

Human mouse orthologous hearing impairment genes were investigated in African patients for causal variants. A homozygous mutation in exon 13 of the microcephalin1 (MCPH1) gene, which encodes the BRCA1-carboxyl terminal 2 domain (BRCT2), was reported in non-syndromic hearing impairment (NSHI). The present study aims to investigate further the emerging roles of MCPH1 in the genetics of NSHI in African patients in the new and larger cohorts. This study screened multiplex families and isolated cases, including 90 patie [...]

by Thomas Liehr  and Peining Li

Received: 20 April 2025;  Published: 26 June 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2502298

Human ring chromosomes (RCs) constitute one of the rarest described inborn chromosomal rearrangements. At first, they seem to be just another subgroup of structural chromosomal aberrations like translocations, inversions, or insertions. However, RCs are more complex, as they almost always occur in conjunction with a mosaic karyotype constitution, resulting in mosaic monosomy of the affected chromosome. Most likely due to the latter effect, a genotype-phenotype correlation is still not available. To proceed with sol [...]

by Hela Mhiri  , Manel Chalbi  , Nesrine Dridi  , Faten Ouled Brahim  and Med Ali Chemli

Received: 06 April 2025;  Published: 24 June 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2502297

We report the case of a 3-year-old girl from a consanguineous marriage, initially diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency–associated periodontitis following early tooth mobility. Despite supplementation, her condition worsened with the onset of palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. Further investigations revealed the diagnosis of Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome (PLS), a rare genetic disorder causing severe periodontitis and palmoplantar keratosis. The patient was managed with vitamin D supplementation, dental extractions, and a remov [...]

by Luis A. Méndez-Rosado  , Luis A. Sotillo-Bent  , José Sotillo-Lindo  , Anduriña Barrios-Martínez  , Dulce Hechavarria-Estenoz  , Margarita Mayeta  , Jose Hernández-Gil  , Hector Pimentel-Benitez  , Maria Elena de la Torre  , Hibo Moreno  , Pedro Díaz-Véliz  , Alicia Vaglio  , Roberto Quadrelli  , Diana Sánchez-Peñarate  , Mabel Cerrillo-Hinojosa  , Pedro Carbonell-de la Torre  , Judith Pupo-Balboa  , Michel Soriano-Torres  , Marilyn del Sol  , Arlay Castelvi  , Enny Morales  , Damarys García  , Rocío Serrano-Hidalgo  , Catalina Obando  , Liz Pardo  , Laritza del Toro  , Miladys Martinez  , Conrado Uria-Gómez  , Maria G Arteaga Ontiveros  , Mayte Castro  , Odalys Rabelo  , Sahily Miñoso  , Deysi Licourt  , Irenia Blanco  , Roberto Lardoeyt-Ferrer  , Nereida Gonzalez  and Olga Quiñones-Masa

Received: 24 November 2024;  Published: 10 June 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2502296

Generally, in reciprocal translocations there are no gains or losses of genetic material. From the clinical point of view, its primary importance lies in the fact that it can generate errors due to incorrect chromosome segregation during meiosis in carriers. On the other hand, other mutations are less frequent in the genome, specifically in the DNA breakpoints implied in these translocations. In Latin America there are no large-scale reports about this topic. To contribute to the study of reciprocal translocations [...]