Clinical Tolerance Trials in Renal Transplantation – Where Do We Stand?


Abstract
Open Access
ISSN 2577-5820
© 2019 by the authors; CC BY 4.0 licence
OBM Transplantation , Volume 3 , Issue 2 (2019)
Pages: 205
Published: November 2019
(This book is a printed edition that was published in OBM Transplantation)
Cover story: Alpha cells within human islets actively secrete the prosurvival peptide GLP-1. Treatment of human islets with the DPP4 inhibitor sitagliptin resulted in elevated levels in the active form of GLP-1. This increase in active GLP-1 may enhance protection from islet cell death and pre-treatment of islets with DPP4 inhibitors prior to transplantation has the potential to improve post-transplant islet survival. View this paper.
Volume 3,Issue 2
Clinical Tolerance Trials in Renal Transplantation – Where Do We Stand?by
![]() ![]() Abstract In recent years, the potential of hematopoietic stem cells, regulatory T-cells and mesenchymal stem cells resulted in a variety of clinical tolerance trials. Every approach has yielded promising results. However, the riddle of transplant tolerance has not been solved as of yet. The results of the on [...] |
The DPP4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Increases Active GLP-1 Levels from Human Islets and May Increase Islet Cell Survival Prior to TransplantationAbstract Background
One of the goals of clinical islet transplantation is to achieve a single-donor transplant that is dependent on obtaining enough quality cell mass from one donor pancreas. Human islets are routinely cultured prior to transplantation, and pro-survival factors such as GLP-1 analogues have [...] |
Human Islet Isolation and Distribution Efforts for Clinical and Basic ResearchAbstract The ability to obtain purified human islets routinely and reproducibly has enabled substantial progress in providing a safe and reliable treatment option for adult Type 1 diabetes patients. The availability of human islets for basic research has also significantly impacted the progress of understand [...] |
Ex-Vivo Perfusion of Donor Hearts: The Feasibility of Banked Blood for Normothermic Machine Perfusionby
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Abstract Background:
Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) utilises 1.2-1.5L of donor blood (DB) with a target perfusate haematocrit of 25% to reanimate the donor heart. Limitations to current practise include small donor size and donor anaemia which can impact on the recovery of these hearts. Furthermore, in [...] |
Non-CMV Viral Infections Following Solid-Organ Transplantation – Focus on Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type-1 and Human Herpesviruses-6,-7 and -8by
![]() ![]() Abstract In non-endemic areas, HTLV-1 is an uncommon pathogen in the transplant host but can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Careful assessment of risk factors, targeted screening and heightened awareness of the clinical presentation of HTLV-1 associated disease is necessary for timel [...] |
Respiratory Viral Infections in Lung Transplant Recipients: Implications for Long Term Outcomes and Emerging TherapiesAbstract Lung transplant recipients are at greater risk of respiratory viral infections as compared to other solid organ transplant recipients due to constant exposure of the allograft to the external environment. There are no standardized methods for surveillance, prevention, or treatment of these infectio [...] |
Low Cost, Enriched Collagenase-Purified Protease Enzyme Mixtures Successfully Used for Human Islet Isolationby
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Abstract Background: Purified bacterial collagenase and protease enzymes are commonly used to recover human islets from clinical grade pancreata for subsequent clinical islet transplantation. The high cost of purified enzymes can be prohibitive for recovering human islets from research pancreata used for tra [...] |
Liver Transplantation or Resection for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Well-Compensated Cirrhosis: A Decision Analysis Modelby
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal tumor, for which liver resection and transplantation are the only potentially curative treatments. No prospective, randomized study has compared survival in patients with compensated cirrhosis after the two operations. Decision analysis modeling is an objec [...] |
Pancreatic Islet Transplantation: State of the Art and Future PerspectivesAbstract Pancreatic islet transplantation represents an effective therapy with lower morbidity for patients carriers of type 1 diabetes compared to whole pancreas transplantation. Although complete insulin independence is usually not achieved it allows control of glycemia balance reducing the risk of severe [...] |
Update in the Use of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy After Heart Transplantationby
![]() ![]() Abstract Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) limits long-term survival after heart transplantation. CAV with discrete or tubular lesions can be treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with high procedural success. Revascularization with balloon angioplasty, bare-metal stents, and first-generat [...] |
Right Heart Failure in Left Ventricular Assist Device Patientsby
![]() ![]() Abstract Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) improve quality of life in end-stage heart failure patients but a frequent complication is Right heart failure (RHF) causing significant morbidity and mortality. This review article discusses key issues that need to be considered in the assessment and clinical [...] |
Islet Autotransplantations for Total PancreatectomyAbstract Total pancreatectomy (TP) is performed for not only malignant pancreatic diseases but also benign disease like chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic injury. However, it always abolishes the pancreatic exo- and endocrine functions and the nutritional condition of the patients is significantly impaired. [...] |
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