by Edda Cava  , Alessandro Collo  , Marcella Serioli  and Sergio Riso

Received: 30 June 2020;  Published: 12 October 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2004073

We report, for the first time, the case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) onset in a 54-year-old woman not following a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) for six years after the diagnosis of celiac disease (CD). The patient did not display any sign of gluten toxicity, malabsorption, or CD-related comorbidity. Previous cases reported in medical literature showed ALS-like forms secondary to gluten intolerance, with symptom remission after a strict GFD. Even after correcting dietary flaws, the clinical manifestation o [...]

by Miguel Mayo-Yáñez  and Irma Cabo-Varela

Received: 29 June 2020;  Published: 08 September 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2003072

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia in the world. This manuscript attempts to review the current knowledge of neurolaryngology and speech and language therapy in Alzheimer’s disease in order to distinguish it from other neurodegenerative diseases. Only a limited number of studies carried out on Alzheimer’s disease patients with speech or laryngeal disorders are found in the literature. Laryngeal (dysphonia, dysphagia, dry mucosa…) and speech symptoms (aphasic, rhythm alterations…) appear to exis [...]

by Parisa Gazerani

Received: 27 June 2020;  Published: 08 September 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2003071

Sleep plays an important role in maintaining brain function, memory consolidation, hormonal balance, immune system function, growth, and repair. The physiological and psychological effects of disruptions in sleep highlight its importance in human health and wellness. Epigenetic roles are proposed in sleep, and circadian regulation, but only a limited number of studies have determined the mechanism that underlies the epigenetics of environmental factors interacting with the sleep, particularly the ones related to sl [...]

by Phillip Aouad  , Nerissa Soh  and Kristin Stedal

Received: 05 May 2020;  Published: 18 August 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2003070

Consensus for where along the eating disorder spectrum the pathological eating behaviour of Chew and Spit (CHSP) falls has been a point of contention in academic literature. Using the case of Mary1, a 30 year old female from Australia who has engaged in excessive restrictive behaviour, was diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN) and has been engaging in Chew and Spit (CHSP) behaviour for over 10 years, the current paper examines the similarities from a neurobiological perspective between restrictive behaviours (akin w [...]

by Amanda Baker

Received: 04 May 2020;  Published: 07 August 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2003069

Psychiatry is seeking interventions that could reliably sustain weight gain and psychosomatic recovery of patients with severe anorexia nervosa (AN). Currently, patients with AN, even after receiving individually-tailored therapeutic interventions, often relapse following marginal weight restoration. Also, the evidence regarding the effectiveness of psychotropic medications in relieving and treating AN symptomology is limited. The research in the field is aiming to mitigate shortcomings associated with common pract [...]

by Eric A. Armour  , Angela M. Curcio  and Robert H. Fryer

Received: 04 February 2020;  Published: 28 July 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2003068

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a major cause of death and disability in the newborn period. Experimental models have demonstrated that brain injury in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in two phases: primary energy failure and secondary energy failure. In primary energy failure, there is a cessation of oxidative metabolism and irreversible neuronal injury, followed by secondary energy failure due to glutamate release, elevation of intracellular calcium, reactive oxygen species formation, apoptotic cell dea [...]

by Cristóbal Coronel-Rodríguez  and Alejandro Rodríguez-Martínez

Received: 10 May 2020;  Published: 24 July 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2003067

This paper presents the case of a child diagnosed with both celiac disease and Asperger’s syndrome. The literature does not report this association to date, and the authors believe it to be a coincidence rather than a casualty.

by Cristóbal Coronel-Rodríguez  and Alejandro Rodríguez-Martínez

Received: 07 May 2020;  Published: 17 July 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2003066

Gluten-related disorders (GRDs) represent a spectrum of diverse clinical manifestations triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The most common and widely recognized diseases within this spectrum are celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. The clinical manifestations are intestinal, but extraintestinal manifestations may also appear, such as neurological or psychiatric. This work will specifically review the neurological or psychiatric manifestations that are more freq [...]

by Jamie Zhen  and M. Ines Pinto-Sanchez

Received: 17 May 2020;  Published: 10 July 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2003065

Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion and affects nearly 1% of the population worldwide. CeD has typically been associated with gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain; however, its extra-intestinal manifestations are becoming widely recognized. In particular, CeD patients may present with various neurological manifestations and oftentimes, without evidence of gastrointestinal symptoms. The pathophysiology behind these manifestations is not well k [...]

by Ian W. Stone  , Ashim Gupta  , Hugo C. Rodriguez  , R. Justin Mistovich  , Manu Gupta  , Anish G. Potty  and Jorge R. Serrato

Received: 03 May 2020;  Published: 24 June 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2002064

Obesity is on the rise around the world, carrying along with it a wide range of comorbidities and complications. We report on a super-super morbidly obese 43-year-old female, with a body mass index (BMI) of 77.85 kg/m2 (173cm, 233kg), who presented for a scheduled suboccipital craniectomy with C-1 laminectomy secondary to symptoms from an Arnold-Chiari type-I malformation. Already a challenging type of surgery, due to the patient’s extreme BMI and positioning, the surgery became more difficult. There are many [...]