by Zahra Iran Pour Mobarakeh  , Parisa Heidari  and Marzieh Amiri

Received: 13 April 2026;  Published: 29 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604359

Temperature-sensitive auditory neuropathy (TSAN) is a rare and clinically distinct subtype of auditory neuropathy. TSAN is characterized by reversible deterioration of auditory neural function during hyperthermic states despite well-preserved cochlear outer hair cell activity. Although several case reports, familial studies, and experimental investigations have described this disorder, the available evidence remains inconclusive. This scoping review integrates clinical, genetic, and neurobiological evidence on TSAN [...]

by Leonard A. Jason  , John Kalns  , Lauren Ruesink  and Ben Z. Katz

Received: 19 April 2026;  Published: 25 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604358

Following COVID, some individuals have developed Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). We assessed whether a salivary biomarker of fatigue could identify young adults with ME/CFS following COVID. We examined the ratio of the concentrations of 2 peptide fragments in saliva, referred to as the Fatigue Biomarker Index (FBI), in participants from our study diagnosed with severe ME/CFS, moderate ME/CFS, and recovered controls. Participants classified with severe ME/CFS exhibited higher FBI values [...]

by OBM Neurobiology Editorial Office

Received: 25 October 2026;  Published: 25 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604357

Histological heterogeneity and complex imaging patterns make brain tumour diagnosis difficult. In order to make timely clinical decisions and plan personalised treatment, MRI multi-class brain tumour classification must be accurate. Expert evaluation in conventional image interpretation increases diagnostic burden and inter-observer variability. While current AI-based tumour classification methods have improved, learning discriminative spatial-contextual representations and giving clinically relevant model interpre [...]

by Irina Karaganova  and Stefka Mindova

Received: 28 October 2025;  Published: 23 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604356

Encephalitis can cause persistent motor, cognitive, behavioral, and participation restrictions. This narrative review synthesizes the available rehabilitation literature and develops a clinically oriented, phase-specific conceptual framework for post-encephalitis physical therapy. The framework supports individualized decision-making and future prospective validation; it is not presented as a validated clinical protocol. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for English-language publications from January [...]

by Yordanis Arias Barthelemy  , Justo Reinaldo Fabelo Roche  , Carmen Juana Burgal Cintra  and Serguei Iglesias Moré

Received: 22 January 2026;  Published: 14 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604355

In present-day Cuba, there are psychosocial risks (such as stress, psychoactive substance use, an inverted hierarchy of needs, and emigration) that can contribute to mental disorders. Therefore, medical students in Cuba need professional training to serve as online mental health promoters. To achieve this, these students must be trained using the “significant semantic core” method. This initiative aligns with several objectives of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which advocates for reducing the morbidi [...]

by Adeel Ahmed Abbasi  and Nasrollah Moradikor

Received: 13 July 2026;  Published: 09 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604354

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) impacts the brain in multiple ways and has varied clinical features and progression. Sex differences exist in the epidemiology and fundamental biology of AD. Machine learning (ML) tools can integrate and analyze multiple biomarkers, improving AD diagnosis and prognosis. However, machine learning tools underuse and under-explore predictive modeling of sex differences. This translational narrative review synthesises the existing literature on studies that explore sex differences in Machine Le [...]

by Kawther Al-Hadidi  , Jafar Alshraiedeh  and Mohammad Saleh

Received: 22 January 2026;  Published: 14 September 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2603353

Postoperative delirium (POD) constitutes a frequent but severe complication that develops after patients undergo coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operations. The condition results in extended stays in intensive care units, together with functional deterioration, higher medical expenses, and increased death rates. This review analyzes preoperative orientation programs based on implementation evidence demonstrating their effectiveness in reducing postoperative delirium rates among adult CABG patients. The research [...]

by Ishak Pacal

Received: 06 June 2026;  Published: 09 September 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2603352

Accurate brain tumor classification from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains difficult because glioma, meningioma, and pituitary tumors may exhibit overlapping enhancement, morphology, and slice-dependent appearance. This study presents a controlled comparison of Vision Transformer, Data-efficient Image Transformer (DeiT), Swin Transformer, BEiT, and EVA-02 under a common image-level protocol. The public Epic and CSCR Hospital Dataset record describes 12,064 preprocessed T1-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI image [...]

by S.L. Jany Shabu  , L. Lakshmanan  , J. Refonaa  , S. Dhamodaran  , Aimin Li  and Saurav Mallik

Received: 25 May 2026;  Published: 28 August 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2603351

Histological heterogeneity and complex imaging patterns make brain tumour diagnosis difficult. In order to make timely clinical decisions and plan personalised treatment, MRI multi-class brain tumour classification must be accurate. Expert evaluation in conventional image interpretation increases diagnostic burden and inter-observer variability. While current AI-based tumour classification methods have improved, learning discriminative spatial-contextual representations and giving clinically relevant model interpre [...]

by Ioannis Syros  , Anna Tsourdini  , Blossom Fernandes  and Xenia Anastassiou-Hadjicharalambous

Received: 25 November 2025;  Published: 27 August 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2603350

The present study examined the effectiveness of a transdiagnostic intervention programme, Super Skills for Life (SSL), in children with clinical anxiety. SSL, in addition to the principles of cognitive and behavioral therapy, also incorporates video feedback and cognitive preparation as essential components of the treatment. The program was implemented in a clinical population in an NHS community child mental health unit. The sample consisted of 23 Greek-speaking elementary school children diagnosed with at least o [...]