by Oleksandr M. Stoyanov  , Valeriy Y. Kalashnikov  , Rooslan S. Vastyanov  , Yevgen V. Oprya  , Yuriy V. Melnyk  , Yana I. Kuhel  and Tamara O. Andreeva

Received: 09 March 2026;  Published: 06 July 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2603340

The article presents a comprehensive clinical, neurological, and neuropsychological analysis of chronic alcoholic encephalopathy (CAE) as a systemic toxic-metabolic lesion of the central nervous system, characterized by a stage-dependent progressive course that is not a direct equivalent of the stages of alcohol dependence. Based on the examination of 66 patients with CAE of varying severity, the disease is shown to involve a combination of diffuse neurological symptoms (cerebellar, vestibular, pyramidal, sensorimo [...]

by Farhad Mashayekhi  , Masoumeh Khalili  and Zivar Salehi

Received: 27 December 2025;  Published: 15 June 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2602339

Research has demonstrated the significant role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in synaptic plasticity and the pathogenesis of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aimed to assess the correlation between EGF +61A/G (rs4444903) polymorphism and its serum level with ASD. Blood samples were collected from 200 ASD and 200 controls for DNA extraction, and genotyping was carried out using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Additionally, EGF serum concentration was determined using enzyme-linked immuno [...]

by Erika Iacona  , Matteo Rigo  , Sara Moroni  , Letizia Bosetti  and Ines Testoni

Received: 21 November 2025;  Published: 29 May 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2602338

Death Education is an emerging field aimed at developing psychological and social competencies for engaging with death and dying. This qualitative study explored the experiences of 17 professionals—including psychologists, teachers, and spiritual counselors—implementing Death Education interventions in schools. Semi-structured interviews were analyzed thematically, revealing four key domains: (1) facilitators’ personal relationship with death and motivation; (2) children’s and adolescents’ representations of death; [...]

by Hatef Pourrashidi Alibogloo

Received: 02 November 2025;  Published: 18 May 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2602337

This review explores the integration of cognitive neuroscience principles into communication education, focusing on how neuroscience-informed curricular designs enhance skill acquisition and transfer. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across primary scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ERIC, to identify relevant studies published between 2014 and 2025. Following a multi-stage screening process based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 peer-reviewed scienti [...]

by Rajalaxmi Visvanathan  , Kavya Vembudurai  , Sridevi Gopathy  , Janaga Ranjani Sankar  , Sugasri Sureshkumar  , Meena Gupta  and Mohan Kumar Govindharaj

Received: 04 December 2025;  Published: 09 May 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2602336

The study aimed to compare the effects of neurobic and aerobic approaches in Dementia care. Dementia is a progressive brain disorder that leads to a decline in cognitive abilities, including thinking, reasoning, and memory. In India, it is estimated that 74% of adults aged 60 and older are affected, totaling around 8.8 million individuals. Neurobics refers to exercises designed to enhance oxygen flow and invigorate the brain by engaging in novel activities, situations, or experiences. This may include attending liv [...]

by Valerio Massimo Magro  , Andrea Sorbino  , Concetta Ljoka  , Nicola Manocchio  and Calogero Foti

Received: 17 September 2025;  Published: 08 May 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2602335

Patients with severe neurological sequelae often experience profound motor deconditioning that, combined with impaired mucociliary clearance, reduced lung volume, and the presence of tracheostomy, predisposes them to pulmonary infections and serious respiratory complications. A 24-year-old male with spastic quadriplegia secondary to childhood cerebral hemorrhage from an arteriovenous malformation, tracheostomy with a cuffed cannula under mechanical ventilation, and hydrocephalus treated with a ventriculoperitoneal [...]

by Mehwish Qamar  , Asma Hayati Ahmad  , Sarina Sulong  , Ambreen Tauseef  and Khairunnuur Fairuz Azman

Received: 09 November 2025;  Published: 05 May 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2602334

Stress is a multifaceted response involving physiological, psychological, and behavioural processes, with neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine playing key modulatory roles. This study aimed to map global research trends on stress and neurotransmitters, identify thematic clusters, and highlight emerging frontiers relevant to health and disease. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on 4,132 publications indexed in Scopus between 2000 and 2023. Data were retrieved and processed using Exce [...]

by Mojtaba Ehsanifar  , Akram Gholami  , Reyhaneh Shenasi  , Nioosha Pahnavar  and Maryam Golmohammadi

Received: 30 October 2025;  Published: 27 April 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2602333

The glymphatic system is a glia-dependent network surrounding blood vessels that facilitates the exchange of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid, playing a crucial role in clearing neuro-metabolites from the brain. This system’s efficiency in transporting waste significantly increases during non-rapid eye movement non-REM sleep. Recent findings suggests that malfunctioning of the glymphatic system might be linked to neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a [...]

by Mohammad Hossein Ekvan  , Ali Sahebi  , Maryam Kord  , Zahra Soltanali  , Amir Hossein Ahmadi  and Somayeh Mohamadi

Received: 05 December 2025;  Published: 13 April 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2602332

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent challenges in social interactions and repetitive behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of autism and autism spectrum disorder(ASD) in normal and abnormal groups, such as premature infants or seizure patients, using an umbrella review and meta-analysis. This study was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Scientific sources included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, and searches were conducted with [...]

by William Winlow  and Andrew Simon Johnson

Received: 04 August 2025;  Published: 13 April 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2602331

Comprehending the nature of nerve communication is fundamental to our understanding of the functioning of nervous systems in general. The ionic mechanisms underlying action potentials in the squid giant axon were first described by Hodgkin and Huxley in 1952, and their findings have formed our orthodox view of how the physiological action potential functions. However, substantial evidence has now accumulated to show that the action potential is accompanied by a synchronized coupled soliton pressure pulse in the cel [...]