by Tomeu Rigo  and Sergi Castillo

Received: 28 October 2020;  Published: 14 April 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102004

The Metropolitan Area of Barcelona is a densely populated region in the North-East of the Iberian Peninsula. Infrastructures in this area play a significant role in the economy of this part of Europe. The combination of the Mediterranean Sea and the complex topography is responsible for the occurrence of severe weather events in this location and the surrounding areas. The use of remote sensing data in an hourly resolution allows the identification and characterization of those severe episodes, helping in determini [...]

by Giorgos Mountrakis  and Sheng Yang

Received: 24 September 2020;  Published: 09 March 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2101003

Few studies have investigated deforestation and population connections in the U.S. at large spatial extents or small scales. We examined forest cover changes over two decades, 1990-2000 and 2000-2010, in the continental U.S. at the county scale. Forest dynamics were estimated using the National Land Cover Database, a satellite-derived classification product and then linked to population data from the US. Census. At the aggregate level, high population growth seems to increase net forest loss in a non-linear manner, [...]

by Maurizio Arena  and Claudia Aprea

Received: 16 December 2020;  Published: 22 February 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2101002

The current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to multiple changes in the international market as well as in the lifestyle of people worldwide. The transport sector has undoubtedly been one of the most affected sectors due to restrictions imposed by the governments across the world to protect the health of their citizens, particularly the restrictions imposed on the operation of airlines. On the other hand, the reduction in travel by means of transport has contributed in part to the improvement in the envir [...]

by Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research Editorial Office

Received: 04 January 2021;  Published: 06 January 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2101001

The editors of Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2020. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next LIDSEN publication and can do [...]

by Will P Gates  , Alastair JN MacLeod  , Andras Fehervari  , Abdelmalek Bouazza  , Daniel Gibbs  , Ryan Hackney  , Damien L Callahan  and Mathew Watts

Received: 16 September 2020;  Published: 31 December 2020;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2004007

This review synthesises the available published research on interactions of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with landfill liners, with the view to inform on the expected behaviour of these persistent environmental pollutants in landfills. The review addresses the nature and significant types of PFAS compounds that are destined for landfills, as well as their by-product. It discusses the known and anticipated interactions with separate landfill liner components, namely geomembranes, geosynthetic clay line [...]

by Peizeng Yang  , Yaye Wang  , Junhe Lu  , Viktor Tishchenko  and Qingguo Huang

Received: 02 November 2020;  Published: 29 December 2020;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2004006

This study examined the degradation of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) in electrochemical oxidation (EO) processes in the presence of trichloroethylene (TCE). The EO experiment was performed in a gas-tight reactor using Magnéli phase titanium suboxide (Ti4O7) as the anode. The experimental data demonstrated that 75% of PFOS (2 μM) was degraded at 10 mA/cm2 current density in 30 min without TCE present in the solution, while the presence of 76 μM TCE apparently inhibited the degradation of PFOS, reducing its r [...]

by Gidon Eshel

Received: 03 August 2020;  Published: 25 December 2020;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2004005

Environmentally motivated voluntary diet modifications are the focus of much research and public discourse. Yet the nuanced multi-faceted, multi-dimensional nature of agriculture-earth interactions, and limited public environmental knowledge likely combine to undermine the efficacy of environmentally motivated dietary shifts, squandering limited good will. To counter this, here I devise two related indices for crudely estimating importance of various environmental impacts of alternative dietary choices. Based on th [...]

by Keith D Hutchison  and Barbara Iisager

Received: 13 September 2020;  Published: 24 November 2020;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2004004

The processes relevant to the verification of cloud forecasts generated by climate models are discussed from an engineering perspective. These processes include an assessment of cloud product requirements to be evaluated, the creation of a verification test plan including procedures and data to be analyzed, the development of independent sources of validation or truth datasets, and the quantitative comparisons between the cloud forecast products and the truth data needed to establish model performance. The engineer [...]

by Xuepeng Zhao

Received: 21 August 2020;  Published: 23 November 2020;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2004003

Nearly 40 years of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) climate data record (CDR) from AVHRR satellite observations over the global ocean is used to study the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns and Australian bushfires on aerosol loading over downwind oceanic regions. Recent similar impact studies, by contrast, were mainly focused on the urban and suburban areas near the emission sources. AOT is used as a proxy for aerosol loading in our study. We found that AOT variations due to anthropogenic emission reduction during the lo [...]

by Boris S. Yurchak

Received: 28 July 2020;  Published: 10 November 2020;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2004002

To increase the amount of information on the intensities of tropical cyclones (TC) used in climate research, the possibility of additional estimates of the intensity of a TC by exploring historical data of conventional (non-Doppler) airborne and coastal radars is considered. Based on the hyperbolic-logarithmic spiral (HLS) model of the streamline in the TC, an assessment of the maximum wind speed in hurricanes Cleo (1958), Carolina (1975) and Alicia (1983) was made. Literature sources containing radar signatures of [...]

by Nicole Mölders

Received: 11 August 2020;  Published: 17 August 2020;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2003001

by David Bayo  , Olufunso Adeniyi  , Adebayo Adeniyi  and Oluwole Ariwoola

Received: 27 February 2021;  Published: 12 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2102013

The present study investigated the level of heavy metals in selected fruits sold commonly in Jos, Nigeria. The fresh fruits (Avocado pear, Black currant, Egg Plant, Golden melon, and Soursop) were purchased from five major markets (Terminus, Farin Gada, Building materials, Bukuru, and Fobur) in Jos. Each fruit sample was collected in triplicate and analyzed using standard procedures. The concentration of heavy metals (Fe, Cu, As, Cd, Zn, Pb, Mn, and Cr) was determined using Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectr [...]

by Amir Taheri  , Ole Torsæter  , Erik Lindeberg  , Nanji J. Hadia  and Dag Wessel-Berg

Received: 19 October 2020;  Published: 25 February 2021;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2101012

Convective mixing of free-phase CO2 and brine in saline aquifers is an established technique to accelerate the CO2 dissolution process. Correct estimation of the convection onset time and rate of CO2 dissolution into brine are two crucial parameters regarding safety issues, as the timescale for dissolution corresponds to the same time over which the free-phase CO2 has a chance to leak out from the storage site. In real practice, underground formations are heterogeneous with a layered structure, but the convective m [...]

by Advances in Chemical Research

Received: 04 January 2021;  Published: 05 January 2021;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2101011

The editors of Advances in Chemical Research would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2020. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next LIDSEN publication and can download a certificate of r [...]

by Behnam Nikoobakht  , Gulzari L. Malli  and Martin Siegert

Received: 26 April 2020;  Published: 14 December 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2004010

In this work, we study the single and double ionization spectra of the , with complexes by applying the four-component algebraic diagrammatic construction and Fock-space coupled cluster methods to extend earlier studies based on less demanding approaches. The computed single and double ionization potentials are in good agreement comparing with the available experimental results. The electronic structures of the cationic molecular systems are carefully investigated by computing accurately single and double ionizatio [...]

by Isabelle Jourdain  , Michael Knorr  , Lukas Brieger  and Carsten Strohmann

Received: 07 September 2020;  Published: 25 November 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2004009

The dinuclear complexes [Co2(CO)6{P(OAr)3}2] (1a, Ar = Ph; 1b, Ar = o-Tol) were prepared and reacted with PhC≡CH and PhC≡CPh to yield dimetallatetrahedranes [{(ArO)3P}(OC)2Co-Co(μ-RC≡CPh)(CO)2{P(OAr)3}] (3a, Ar = Ph, R = H; 3b, Ar = o-Tol, R = H; 3c, Ar = Ph, R = Ph; 3d, Ar = o-Tol, R = Ph). The main reaction of diphenylacetylene was accompanied by a side reaction, leading to the dissociation of a P(OAr)3 ligand for the formation of mono(phosphite) complexes [{(ArO)3P}(OC)2Co-Co(μ-PhC≡CPh)(CO)3] (2b, R = Ph; 2d, R [...]

by Yashiro Rojas  , Evana Halaka  , Mary Hanna  , Alex Sidotu  , Jehan Joma  , Mina Mikhael  , Roger A. Lalancette  and Ivan Bernal

Received: 26 July 2020;  Published: 07 September 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2003008

The compound, [cis-dichloro-(tris-2-amino(ethylamine))cobalt(III)]chloride hydrate, [cis-Cl2-(tren)Co(III)Cl]·H2O, a conglomerate crystallizing in P21 with Z = 4 (Z’ = 2), has been used as a precursor in the synthesis of a new dicobalt(III) peroxo complex: [(μ2-hydroxo)(μ2-peroxo)bis(tris-2-amino(ethylamine))di-cobalt(III)] tris(triiodide) dihydrate. This material crystallizes, without disorder, in space group P212121 with Z = 4 (Z’ = 2), thus making it, unambiguously, an example of a conglomerate. Its cell constan [...]

by Marek Łożyński  , Iwona Mądrzak-Litwa  and Aleksandra Borowiak-Resterna

Received: 29 June 2020;  Published: 27 August 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2003007

1-Decylbenzimidazole (dbim) copper(II) complexes formed during solvent extraction were thoroughly studied, and their structures were predicted. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of their structures and Time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations of their spectra indicated that 1-decylbenzimidazole forms both mono- and binuclear complexes with copper(II), with coordination numbers of 4 or 5. At the molar ratio of [Cu(II)]aq/[dbim]org ≥ 1 and at [Cl-]aq ≥ 0.9 mol dm-3 in the extraction media, a binuclear 1:1 [...]

by Sandra Mikhael  , Maria Shawky  , Gulraiz Hashmi  , Ivan Bernal  and Roger A. Lalancette

Received: 28 June 2020;  Published: 23 July 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2003006

It is historically interesting to note that, whereas the [Co(NH3)6]3+ cation was isolated by Tassaert in 1798 (which he described as the tri-chloride) and that, in the early days of Coordination Chemistry, Jørgensen and Werner isolated many of its other salts, the fluoride was never reported. In fact, in relatively modern times, lack of success was, invariably, the result of attempting its isolation and full characterization. Significantly, there is no entry for its structure in standard sources such as Inorganic C [...]

by Paul Taglieri  , Paul Milham  , Paul Holford  and R. John Morrison

Received: 07 November 2019;  Published: 13 April 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2002005

Despite extensive research, the behaviour of the key nutrient element, phosphorus (P), in soil is not yet fully understood. This study focussed on the outstanding issue of the co-adsorption of protons (H+) and P by soils. We developed a congruent set of measures to determine the net H+:P co-adsorption ratio and tested it on goethite, for which a ratio of 1.6:1 had been estimated under CO2-free conditions for additions of NaH2PO4. Under our conditions, and using additions of KH2PO4, the net H+:P co-adsorption ratio [...]

by Marco Minella  , Khan M.G. Mostofa  , Cong-qiang Liu  and Davide Vione

Received: 05 September 2019;  Published: 21 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/obm.acr.2001004

Superoxide, produced photochemically as well as microbially, is an important reactant present in seawater and a major source of hydrogen peroxide. Superoxide decay may occur through catalyzed or uncatalyzed dismutation forming H2O2 and O2, through oxidation to O2, or through reduction into H2O2. Under definite circumstances, the redox processes that are different from dismutation could produce or consume H+, thereby altering the pH of seawater. In order to alter the pH, these processes have to involve, together wit [...]

by Jacques Muzart

Received: 10 October 2019;  Published: 08 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2001003

This article summarizes some surprising palladoreactions occurring in a transition metal environment, discovered by our team, and the proposed corresponding mechanisms.

by Dieter Rehder

Received: 18 December 2019;  Published: 08 January 2020;  doi: 10.21926/acr.2001002

Vanadium is an element that is widely distributed in Earth’s crust as well as in sea-water and ground-water reservoirs. Therefore, it exerts a great influence on the issues related to life and environment. Vanadium is utilized by several marine organisms. For example, there are vanadate-dependent haloperoxidases in algae and several bacteria, e.g., Azotobacter, use it for nitrogen fixation and bacterial reduction involves the conversion of vanadate to oxidovanadium (IV). The similarity between vanadate and phosphat [...]

by Azza. A. Abou-Hussein  , Wolfgang Linert  and Nelly H. Mahmoud

Received: 18 September 2019;  Published: 19 November 2019;  doi: 10.21926/acr.1904001

Mixed ligand copper(II) complexes of the empirical formula [Cu (L)(TFAA)]X, where L represents 2,2´-bipyridine (Bipy), 1,10´-phenanthroline (Phen), or 4,7-diphenyl-1,10´- phenanthroline (Dphen), TFAA is 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione, and X is the counter ion (BF4- or ClO4-), were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic, magnetic, molar conductance, elemental, and thermal analysis. Solvatochromic studies revealed that all the complexes showed bathochromic shifts. A square planar geometric structure is prop [...]