by Kathy Carter  , John Campbell  , Peyton Shoemaker  , Elisabeth Dichiara  , Neel Patel  and John Caruso

Received: 09 December 2021;  Published: 23 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpn.2201005

Space flight imposes a myriad of adverse effects upon the human body. Improved in-flight nutritional strategies help mitigate those adverse effects. This review examines how space flight changes human physiology, and how improved in-flight nutritional strategies may address the unique dietary needs created by microgravity exposure. Dietary approaches and recommendations to address those needs are discussed. This review also describes food sustainability methods for long-term manned space flight, how precision nutri [...]

by Obinna Okolie  , Iwona Stachurek  , Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian  and James Njuguna

Received: 16 November 2021;  Published: 23 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpm.2201004

There is a current need for tissue and organ repairs, replacement, and regeneration for patients who suffer from diseased or damaged tissues or organs. This situation is continuously on the rise and the supply of this form of therapy does not meet the patients demand mostly due to lack of donors and biocompatibility issues which causes immune system rejection of the implants. To succeed through these limitations, researchers are currently investigating the use of scaffolds as another approach for implants. The conv [...]

by Kate M. Waldie  and Sriram Katipamula

Received: 31 December 2021;  Published: 22 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201006

Fuel cells based on renewable synthetic fuels are promising alternatives to fossil fuel combustion for efficient electricity production. Much focus has been placed on hydrogen as a chemical fuel, but being a flammable gas, there are challenges with its safe handling. Formic acid is an attractive liquid fuel for use in direct formic acid or formate fuel cells, and it can in principle be produced from the thermal or electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. Over the past ten years, advances have been made in the d [...]

by Robert M. Sullivan  and John P. Hileman

Received: 15 November 2021;  Published: 22 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2201009

Our study sought to identify a regional explanation for declining fertility in stocks of co-occurring salmonids in the upper Trinity River, northern California, USA. We focused on evaluating the relationship between thermal variance in river water and hatchery-measured estimates of female fertility as a function of highly managed annual flow regimes. We evaluated annual and seasonal variation in volume of flow and water temperature in response to managed flows associated with annual in-river restoration actions. We [...]

by OBM Genetics Editorial Office

Received: 17 February 2022;  Published: 22 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2201148

by Xiu-Zhi Wei  , Jianguo Liu  and Longlong Ma

Received: 28 December 2021;  Published: 21 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201004

In recent years, research on converting biomass platform compounds into high-value chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates has garnered huge interest. Nitrile and amide groups are key structures in natural products and biologically active molecules. The direct conversion of biomass platform compounds into nitriles and amides will undoubtedly be an important guide for biomass utilization. In this paper, a facile and efficient triphosgene-assisted one-pot conversion for aldehydes and ketones into nitrile and amide [...]

by José C. Conesa

Received: 29 November 2021;  Published: 21 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2201005

It is important to understand the band offsets between semiconductors, which are crucial to determine the direction of electron transfer at the interfaces. Two methods are normally used to determine the direction from the first principles: alternating slabs put in contact (without empty spaces between them) and separate calculations for each material surface in the presence of vacuum spaces. The first method may introduce distortions due to insufficient epitaxial match, which may lead to bandgap changes, and the se [...]

by Clemens Drenowatz  , Gerson Ferrari  , Gerhard Ruedl  , Armando Cocca  and Klaus Greier

Received: 15 November 2021;  Published: 18 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpn.2201004

Poor lifestyle choices in adolescents, including low physical activity (PA), excess screen time, and unhealthy dietary habits, are major threats to their health in the future. Unhealthy behaviors such as insufficient PA, high TV time, and poor dietary choices also tend to cluster, but information on the combined association of screen time, sports participation, and dietary habits is limited in Austrian youth. To examine the association among these behaviors, 165 adolescents (74 girls and 91 boys) between 11 and 14 [...]

by Cherechi Ndukwe  , M. Tariq Iqbal  and Jahangir Khan

Received: 16 November 2021;  Published: 17 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/jept.2201007

SCADA provides real-time system monitoring by constant communication and data exchange between various system devices to achieve data visualization and logging. Presently, in industrial systems, commercial SCADA systems are being used for data monitoring and control. These systems can be expensive, and as such can only be afforded by select industries. Even at these costs, the commercial SCADA systems face some challenges, which include interoperability and scalability issues. Research has shown that these problems [...]

by Dana Shamshtein  and Timur Liwinski

Received: 06 December 2021;  Published: 17 February 2022;  doi: 10.21926/rpn.2201003

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating illness that places a great burden on global health. A ketogenic diet, which has traditionally been used for treating refractory epileptic disorders, is being increasingly explored for its potential of alleviating other neuropsychiatric conditions. Providing an up-to-date summary on the ketogenic diet’s potential to alleviate MDD, its neurobiological basis, and preliminary clinical evidence. A structured literature survey was performed, and a narrative review was wr [...]