by Rafael Castro-Fuentes  and Rosy Socas-Pérez

Received: 13 August 2026;  Published: 05 November 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604360

Canine Cognitive Dysfunction (CCD) is a naturally occurring neurodegenerative syndrome of aging dogs that shares important clinical, neuropathological, and molecular characteristics with Alzheimer’s disease. Consequently, domestic dogs have become one of the most informative comparative models for investigating mechanisms of human cognitive aging and neurodegeneration. Surprisingly, far less attention has been devoted to their closest living relative, the gray wolf (Canis lupus), despite the uni [...]

by Zahra Iran Pour Mobarakeh  , Parisa Heidari  and Marzieh Amiri

Received: 13 April 2026;  Published: 29 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604359

Temperature-sensitive auditory neuropathy (TSAN) is a rare and clinically distinct subtype of auditory neuropathy. TSAN is characterized by reversible deterioration of auditory neural function during hyperthermic states despite well-preserved cochlear outer hair cell activity. Although several case reports, familial studies, and experimental investigations have described this disorder, the available evidence remains inconclusive. This scoping review integrates clinical, genetic, and neurobiologi [...]

by Leonard A. Jason  , John Kalns  , Lauren Ruesink  and Ben Z. Katz

Received: 19 April 2026;  Published: 25 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604358

Following COVID, some individuals have developed Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). We assessed whether a salivary biomarker of fatigue could identify young adults with ME/CFS following COVID. We examined the ratio of the concentrations of 2 peptide fragments in saliva, referred to as the Fatigue Biomarker Index (FBI), in participants from our study diagnosed with severe ME/CFS, moderate ME/CFS, and recovered controls. Participants classified with severe ME/CFS exhibite [...]

by OBM Neurobiology Editorial Office

Received: 25 October 2026;  Published: 25 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604357

Histological heterogeneity and complex imaging patterns make brain tumour diagnosis difficult. In order to make timely clinical decisions and plan personalised treatment, MRI multi-class brain tumour classification must be accurate. Expert evaluation in conventional image interpretation increases diagnostic burden and inter-observer variability. While current AI-based tumour classification methods have improved, learning discriminative spatial-contextual representations and giving clinically rel [...]

by Irina Karaganova  and Stefka Mindova

Received: 28 October 2025;  Published: 23 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604356

Encephalitis can cause persistent motor, cognitive, behavioral, and participation restrictions. This narrative review synthesizes the available rehabilitation literature and develops a clinically oriented, phase-specific conceptual framework for post-encephalitis physical therapy. The framework supports individualized decision-making and future prospective validation; it is not presented as a validated clinical protocol. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for English-language publi [...]

by Yordanis Arias Barthelemy  , Justo Reinaldo Fabelo Roche  , Carmen Juana Burgal Cintra  and Serguei Iglesias Moré

Received: 22 January 2026;  Published: 14 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604355

In present-day Cuba, there are psychosocial risks (such as stress, psychoactive substance use, an inverted hierarchy of needs, and emigration) that can contribute to mental disorders. Therefore, medical students in Cuba need professional training to serve as online mental health promoters. To achieve this, these students must be trained using the “significant semantic core” method. This initiative aligns with several objectives of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which advocates for [...]

by Adeel Ahmed Abbasi  and Nasrollah Moradikor

Received: 13 July 2026;  Published: 09 October 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2604354

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) impacts the brain in multiple ways and has varied clinical features and progression. Sex differences exist in the epidemiology and fundamental biology of AD. Machine learning (ML) tools can integrate and analyze multiple biomarkers, improving AD diagnosis and prognosis. However, machine learning tools underuse and under-explore predictive modeling of sex differences. This translational narrative review synthesises the existing literature on studies that explore sex diffe [...]