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Table of Contents

Volume 2,Issue 2

Open Access Research Article

Modeling Tile Drainage Outflow in Thin Agricultural Soils with Impermeable under Layer in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada

Received: 30 December 2020;  Published: 28 June 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102016

Abstract

Subsurface tile drainage installation helps to maintain water table levels and to meet adequate crop moisture requirements. Artificial subsurface drainage continues to be a common practice in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) and elsewhere around the world. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of DRAINMOD in simulating water table depth (WTD) and water outflow from tile drained agricultural fields. This site on the Avalon Peninsula of Eastern Newfoundland has [...]

Open Access Original Research

Potential Impact of UWWT Effluent Discharges on Ruditapes decussatus: An Approach Using Biomarkers

Received: 09 April 2021;  Published: 19 June 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102015

Abstract

The use of biomarkers in bivalves has gained significance as a reliable method for the assessment of the presence and effect of contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. However, it is important to note that the biomarkers respond not only to contaminant loadings and bioavailability but also to environmental stress. Therefore, the association between biomarkers and contamination/pollution should be conducted cautiously as the environmental factors also affect their response. These factors [...]

Open Access Research Article

Modelling the Cumulative Number of COVID-19 Cases

Received: 14 April 2021;  Published: 10 June 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102014

Abstract

Each country has its own characteristics of COVID-19 infection trajectory and epidemic waves. Differences in government-implemented restrictions and social regulations result in variability of the virus transmissions and spread dynamics. This in turn results in various shapes of the growth function used to represent and describe the propagation of infection. Statistical methods are applied to fit non-linear functions to represent daily time-series data of the cumulative numbers of CO [...]

Open Access Research Article

Examination of PCDD/F Formation in Thermal Systems Using Simple Mathematical Models

Received: 01 March 2021;  Published: 07 June 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102013

Abstract

A set of empirical models which accounts for the formation of gas phase polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD and PCDF), and solid phase PCDD/F by the de novo mechanism is described.In each case, competing formation and destruction reactions are considered to operate.The effect of the time-temperature history on their formation is then examined.At high temperatures, steady-state is reached in fractions of a second, resulting in t [...]

Open Access Research Article

Persistent Organic Pollutants in Urban Soils of Central London, England, UK: Measurement and Spatial Modelling of Black Carbon (BC), Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB)

Received: 05 March 2021;  Published: 28 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102012

Abstract

Total organic carbon (TOC), black carbon (BC), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) were determined in 73 surface (0-2 cm) and subsurface (5-20 cm) soil samples taken from a 142 km2 area in Central London, UK. Soils were assessed to provide a baseline chemistry for site owners, developers, occupiers and regulators involved in understanding the potential risk to human health and the enviro [...]

Open Access Research Article

Gender-Dependent Effects of Thimerosal on Human Progenitor Neurons: A Potential Link to Regressive Autism

Received: 26 September 2020;  Published: 07 June 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102011

Abstract

Regressive Autism [RA] is a subtype of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that manifests as the loss of previously acquired developmental milestones and skills. Early life dysregulation of neurodevelopment due to exposure to toxic metals has been associated with ASD, but the underlying biological mechanisms by which metals influence neurodevelopment remain unclear. We explored the potential role of thimerosal or ethylmercury& [...]

Open Access Perspective

Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals as Sources of POPs

Received: 17 January 2021;  Published: 13 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102010

Abstract

Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are a new class organic pollutant sharing some of the attributes of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This opinion/short review aims to describe the properties of EPFRs that merit their recognition as an additional and potentially significant source of POPs. EPFRs are ubiquitous in diverse environments because of multiple factors: (1) organic precursors from anthropogenic, biogenic, and other na [...]

Open Access Research Article

Gender-Dependent Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals on Retinoic Acid-Related Orphan Receptor Alpha [RORA] and Aromatase Genes on Human Progenitor Neurons

Received: 28 August 2020;  Published: 07 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102009

Abstract

Normally we encounter a myriad of chemicals in our daily lives. Endocrine disrupting chemicals [EDCs] are ubiquitous in our environment and upon bodily entry many be stored in adipose tissue and, in pregnant woman, can reach the developing fetal brain, disrupting normal fetal brain development. EDC-induced aberrant levels of sex hormones can alter sexual dimorphism [i.e. degree of feminization or masculinization; sex differences in brain and behavior] and may contribute to the differ [...]

Open Access Original Research

A Neural Network Evidence of the Nexus Among Air Pollution, Economic Growth, and COVID-19 Deaths in the Hubei Area

Received: 19 February 2021;  Published: 06 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102008

Abstract

In this study, we used an image neural network model to assess the relationship between economic growth, pollution (PM2.5, PM10, and CO2), and deaths from COVID-19 in the Hubei area (China). Data analysis, neural network analysis, and deep learning experiments were carried out to assess the relationship among COVID-19 deaths, air pollution, and economic growth in China (Hubei province, the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic). W [...]

Open Access Research Article

Concentrations of Gaseous Elemental Mercury in the Atmosphere of a Mediterranean Coastal Site in Greece

Received: 25 January 2021;  Published: 04 May 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102007

Abstract

Gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) was monitored in the atmosphere of a coastal site situated in the Northern Aegean Sea of Greece from August 2014 to January 2015. The selected sampling site is seldom impacted by human activities. Thus, it was possible to study the processes involved in natural terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric environments. The diurnal and monthly variations in the concentration of GEM as w [...]

Open Access Review

Challenges in the PFAS Remediation of Soil and Landfill Leachate: A Review

Received: 15 December 2020;  Published: 19 April 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102006

Abstract

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has become a big concern as a result of their high contamination in different environmental matrices. In EU countries, sites contaminated with PFAS are usually remediated by excavating soil and disposing of it in a landfill since no in-situ or on-site techniques capable of treating large quantities of soil cost-effectively have been developed. Landfilling PFAS-contaminated soil are one of the sources of PFAS to landfill leachate. In this paper, physica [...]

Open Access Research Article

Initial Validation of a Replicated Field-scale Denitrifying Bioreactor Facility in a Boreal Environment

Received: 29 December 2020;  Published: 15 April 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102005

Abstract

Denitrifying bioreactor technology, where a solid carbon source (wood chips) acts as a reactive medium to intercept agricultural tile drainage water, has been successfully used to convert nitrate (NO3-) to di-nitrogen (N2) gas. Four full-size field-scale (80ft long x 10 ft. wide x 4 ft. deep), replicated wood chip bioreactors have been constructed at the St. John’s Research and Development Centre (47°30'48.080" N; 52°47'00.020" W; 110 m above mean sea level), and are successful at remo [...]

Open Access Original Research

Evolution of Radar and Lightning Variables in Convective Events in Barcelona and Surroundings for the Period 2006–2020

Received: 28 October 2020;  Published: 14 April 2021;  doi: 10.21926/aeer.2102004

Abstract

The Metropolitan Area of Barcelona is a very densely populated region in the NE of the Iberian Peninsula. Besides, infrastructures in the area have a concrete height in the economy of this part of Europe. The combination of the Mediterranean Sea and the complex topography plays a role in the occurrence of severe weather events in this area and its surrounding. The use of remote sensing data in an hourly resolution allows the identification and characterization of those severe episodes, helping t [...]
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