by Khalid Nawaz  , Iqra  , Muneeb Ullah  , Jin-Wook Yoo  , Umme Aiman  , Madiha Ghazanfar  and Muhammad Naeem

Received: 21 June 2024;  Published: 10 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/rpn.2501002

The persistent inflammation of the intestinal mucosa is the main characteristic of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a lifelong illness that affects people of both genders. The exact etiology is still undefined while previously it was attributed to genetic components. Later, it was investigated that the environment has an equal effect on the development of IBD encompassing both Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC). Among environmental risk factors linked to IBD, diet, notably the transition toward the W [...]

by Igor Val Danilov  and Sandra Mihailova

Received: 16 August 2024;  Published: 10 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2501263

This review aims to explore research on the development of emotions in organisms at the simple reflexes substage of the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development. We review the literature on alterations in spontaneous blinking in children under 6 months of age. Then, we extract the data from the selected studies that allow us to examine whether simple reflexes in infants reveal the emotion signature in the altered reflective responses. The significance of this study is that it is the first review to demonstrate t [...]

by A. Isabella Shanker  , Lauren T. Maloney  and Julia M. Boster

Received: 23 September 2024;  Published: 10 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.transplant.2501230

Infection is a leading cause of short-term morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients after liver transplant (LT). Diagnosing infection in this population can be challenging, requiring consideration of laboratory results and clinical context. The prevalence and significance of post-operative leukocytosis has not yet been explored in children after LT. Our goals were to characterize post-transplant leukocytosis in pediatric patients after LT for biliary atresia (BA) and evaluate the relationship between post-LT l [...]

by Karen A. Roberto  , Pamela B. Teaster  and Imogen Fua

Received: 23 August 2024;  Published: 09 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2501294

The purpose of this descriptive study was to understand the nature, extent, and challenges confronted by APS programs in the United States in providing services to older clients affected by opioids. The study design involved a two-step process: Phase I involved telephone interviews with state-level Adult Protective Services administrators from 11 states considered to be “hot-bed states” for the opioid epidemic. Findings from the administrator interviews informed questions for Phase II telephone interviews with indi [...]

by Hanny Tanasal  , Iline Michaela  and Retno Danarti

Received: 28 October 2024;  Published: 08 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2501281

Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is among the most severe hereditary skin conditions of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) in newborns, associated with a mutation of the ABCA12 gene. Patients have a typical clinical appearance at birth. A thick layer of armor-like scales covers the entire body. Affected newborns have abnormal facial features, such as ectropion, eclabium, and ears and nose flattening. Although HI was formerly assumed to be fatal, more intensive neonatal care and early retinoid therapy may imp [...]

by Mahintaj Dara  , Mehdi Dianatpour  , Negar Azarpira  and Nader Tanideh

Received: 04 September 2024;  Published: 08 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2501280

Gene therapy, a groundbreaking method for addressing genetic mutations, includes strategies such as gene repair, replacement, inactivation, or the introduction of therapeutic genes, circumventing traditional surgical or pharmacological approaches. Delivery through viral or non-viral vectors presents trade-offs in efficiency and immune response. Recent gene-editing technologies like ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR facilitate precise genome modifications by inducing targeted double-strand breaks, with CRISPR/Cas9 recognized [...]

by Piyush Shrivastava  , Jharna Gupta  , Rushil Bhatt  and Aditi S. Vetal

Received: 18 September 2024;  Published: 08 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/cr.2501002

This study aimed to synthesize nickel oxide (NiO) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) based catalysts for synthesizing biodiesel from Citrullus colocynthis oil. Cobalt-nickel mixed oxide catalysts made by co-precipitation technique with different Cobalt to Nickel ratios and named Co:Ni (50:50), Co:Ni (67:33), and Co:Ni (33:67). The Characterization of these synthesized catalysts was performed by XRD and SEM analysis. The transesterification process checked the catalytic activity of these catalysts, and it was found that Co:Ni [...]

by Gerhard Litscher

Received: 05 January 2025;  Published: 07 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2501003

Acupuncture, an ancient practice in traditional Chinese medicine, is founded on understanding of human physiology and the dynamics of energy flow (Qi). The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern medicine presents opportunities to integrate advanced technologies into acupuncture, enhancing diagnostic precision and empirical validation. AI tools can analyze complex datasets, model energy flow dynamics, and provide evidence-based insights, potentially bridging traditional methodologies with scientific par [...]

by Annie J. Keeney  , Anabel Rodriguez  , Jaime Murillo  and Savannah S. Ingold

Received: 20 August 2024;  Published: 06 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.2501002

Farmworkers are the backbone of the agricultural economy in the US yet are disproportionately burdened with economic-related stress and adverse behavioral health outcomes. How these stressors translate to children and family well-being is poorly understood. Grounded in Transactional Stress and Coping Theory, we aimed to understand how children and families adapt and respond to the stressors associated with farm labor occupations in a rural, underserved, bi-national community. We utilized focus groups with adult chi [...]

by Nuchanart Suntornnont  , Ammaraluk Kovavisarach  and Rachaneekorn Tammachote

Received: 05 July 2024;  Published: 06 January 2025;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2501279

Keratinocytes are particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress due to their function as the primary natural protective barrier exposed to chemicals, rays, and pollution to stimulate the formation of free radicals in the body. Two factors of interest correlate with cellular senescence under oxidative stress. These include regulating antioxidant synthesis, which maintains free-radical homeostasis through the Nrf2 gene, and the prevention of telomere shortening, which involves the collaboration of human telomerase gene [...]