by Florence Durand  , Noomane Bouaziz  , Sonia Braha-Zeitoun  , Clémence Isaac  , Palmyre Schenin-King Andrian  and Dominique Januel

Received: 12 March 2018;  Published: 11 June 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.1802005

Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment [MCI] is a transition stage between normal aging and dementia. It seems to be useful to treat MCI before the onset of early dementia, though no pharmacological treatment is recommended [1]. These case studies aimed to assess the efficacy of long-term repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation [rTMS] treatment on cognition, and clinical changes, in elderly MCI patients. Methods: Three patients with MCI were treated by rTMS with different parameters of stimulation, targeting th [...]

by Michael Fossel

Received: 20 March 2018;  Published: 28 March 2018;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.1801004

All of us are intuitively aware, and many of us explicitly aware as well, of the meaning of geriatrics as a specialty. After all, most of us practice geriatrics or we have been intimately involved with this area and we are know the reality of geriatrics. Or do we? Geriatrics is an oddly ill-defined specialty when you look at it more carefully. Some of us practice medicine, some of us practice in the social sciences, and many of us simply do our jobs day-to-day and try to get by. What we share, however, is the heart [...]

by Michael Fossel

Received: 12 December 2017;  Published: 24 December 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.1704003

by Giacinto Libertini

Received: 19 February 2017;  Published: 13 April 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.1702002

Currently, geriatric medicine consists mainly of palliative treatment of the disorders that characterize senile decay. This is perfectly compatible with the prevailing view that aging is the inevitable result of multiple degenerative processes that cannot be treated effectively as they are, in themselves, inevitable and irreversible. This interpretation of aging clashes with a mass of data and arguments that, conversely, indicate that aging is a specific physiological function, favoured by supra-individual natural [...]

by Michael Fossel

Received: 11 December 2016;  Published: 06 January 2017;  doi: 10.21926/obm.geriatr.1701001

Geriatrics, and much of clinical medicine, is on the verge of a profound transformational shift. Until now, there has been a sharp conceptual divide between diseases which can be readily and effectively treated, and diseases which we have thought to be beyond clinical intervention. In the first disease category, are many of the most common infections that respond to antibiotics and immunizations. We have made dramatic changes in the demographics and the mortality of many such treatable diseases. At the other extrem [...]

by Muhammad Muzammal  , Maria Faraz  , Zia Ur Rehman  and Muzammil Ahmad Khan

Received: 03 December 2025;  Published: 09 March 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601327

Male infertility is a growing concern worldwide, with almost half of infertility cases being male, and the trend is rising in China as a result of multifaceted genetics-environment interaction. Important breakthroughs have been made in identifying mutations in annotated protein-coding genes associated with male infertility. However, a significant part of the human genome, namely non-coding DNA, has not yet been explored. Recent breakthroughs in the realm of high-throughput genomic technologies have unveiled the ind [...]

by Rafaele Tavares Silvestre  , Mariana Chantre-Justino  , Mariana Alexandre Bragante  , Paula Lacorte de Carvalho  , Lucas Delmonico  , Gilda Alves  , Maria Helena Ornellas  and Dirce Bonfim de Lima

Received: 31 May 2025;  Published: 04 February 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601326

Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have normalized the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) but have been linked to a premature presentation of age-related comorbidities, including cancer. Telomere length (TL) is a marker of cellular aging and was investigated in blood leukocytes from 78 PLWH on ART, compared with 163 HIV-uninfected controls. The PLWH group was stratified into three subgroups: HIV-only (n = 57), HIV with AIDS-defining cancer (ADC, n = 9), and HIV with NADC (n = 12). Quantitative p [...]

by Manal Hadi Ghaffoori Kanaan  , Beom-Jin Lee  , Sura Saad Abdullah  , Chulhun Park  , Abdolmajid Ghasemian  and Steward Mudenda

Received: 10 October 2025;  Published: 14 January 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601325

Stem cell-derived exosomes (SDEs) have emerged as revolutionary mediators in cancer immunotherapy, offering unprecedented potential to reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). These nano-sized extracellular vesicles, laden with non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), serve as natural biocompatible carriers, capable of orchestrating immune cell dynamics, stromal remodeling, and tumor cell fate. Unlike their tumor-derived counterparts, which often propagate oncogenic signals, SDEs uniquely harbor immun [...]

by Irina G. Udina  , Marina A. Gubina  and Alesya S. Gracheva

Received: 04 June 2025;  Published: 12 January 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601324

The purpose of the study was to consider the distribution of Y-chromosome DNA markers in samples from the populations of the three largest megalopolises (Moscow, Saint Petersburg, and Novosibirsk) in the Russian Federation, in the context of developing genetic databases. The study aimed to compare the frequency profiles of 18 Y-chromosome STRs (Short tandem repeats) and the level of genetic differentiation. Based on FST estimates for the distribution of these 18 Y-chromosome STRs, the senior generations of Moscow a [...]

by Rustam Nailevich Mustafin

Received: 29 September 2025;  Published: 08 January 2026;  doi: 10.21926/obm.genet.2601323

Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is one of the most common hereditary tumor syndromes, occurring with an average incidence of 1 in 9,000 newborns worldwide. The disease manifests itself through the development of tumors of the brain, kidneys, heart, lungs, and skin, along with characteristic depigmented spots. Tuberous sclerosis is caused by germline variants in the TSC1 (encoding hamartin) and TSC2 (encoding tuberin) genes. The hamartin-tuberin protein complex, together with the TBC1D7 molecule, inhibits the serine/threoni [...]