TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamers, Anouk A. J.
AU  - Joshi, Sunil K.
AU  - Pillai, Asha B.
PY  - 2019
DA  - 2019/01/31
TI  - Innate Immune Determinants of Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Bidirectional Immune Tolerance in Allogeneic Transplantation
JO  - OBM Transplantation
SP  - 044
VL  - 03
IS  - 01
AB  - The  success  of  organ  and  tissue  transplantation  from  a  healthy  donor  to  a  disease  individual  (allo-­‐ transplantation) is regulated via the immune systems of donor and recipient. To minimize deleterious immune reactivity between donor and recipient, the major obstacle in transplantation is to find a genetic  match.  Developing  a  state  of  specific  non-­‐reactivity  between  donor  and  recipient,  while maintaining the salutary effects of immune function in the recipient, is called “immune (transplantation) tolerance”.  In  the  classic  early  post-­‐transplant  period,  minimizing  bidirectional  donor  ←→  recipient reactivity requires the administration of immunosuppressive drugs which have deleterious side-­‐effects (severe immunodeficiency, neoplasia and opportunistic infections). Inducing immune tolerance directly through donor and recipient immune cells, particularly via subsets of immune regulatory cells, is evolving with great success, and has helped in significantly reducing the use immunosuppressive drugs in allo-­‐transplantation.  The  innate  and  adaptive  arms  of  the  immune  system  are  both  implicated  in inducing immune tolerance. In the present article, we will review new developments in immune subset manipulations and immunotherapy (both innate and adaptive) which can induce durable immune tolerance after cell or tissue transplantation. These cellular immunotherapeutic strategies include invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells, regulatory macrophages (MØregs), tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDCs), myeloid-­‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), Natural Killer (NK) cells, gamma delta T (γδ-­‐T) cells, regulatory T and B cells (Tregs and Bregs), Type-­‐1 Regulatory T (Tr1) cells,  and  regulatory  follicular  helper  T  cells  (Tfr)  to  promote  long-­‐term  immune  tolerance  in  allo-­‐ transplantation.
SN  - 2577-5820
UR  - https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.transplant.1901044
DO  - 10.21926/obm.transplant.1901044
ID  - Hamers2019
ER  -