TY - JOUR AU - Zhen, Jamie AU - Pinto-Sanchez, M Ines PY - 2020 DA - 2020/07/10 TI - Neurological Manifestations of Celiac Disease and Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity and the Effect of a Gluten Free Diet JO - OBM Neurobiology SP - 065 VL - 04 IS - 03 AB - Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion and affects nearly 1% of the population worldwide. CeD has typically been associated with gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain; however, its extra-intestinal manifestations are becoming widely recognized. In particular, CeD patients may present with various neurological manifestations and oftentimes, without evidence of gastrointestinal symptoms. The pathophysiology behind these manifestations is not well known, however, it is hypothesized that they may include vitamin deficiencies from malabsorption, direct gluten toxicity, and immune-mediated inflammation. The most common neurological manifestations include gluten ataxia, migraines, epilepsy, and neuropathies, but may also involve dementia, myopathies, and movement disorders. The first line treatment for CeD is typically a strict gluten-free diet, however its effect on neurological manifestations is less clear. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity/non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCGS/NCWS) represents a condition where the ingestion of gluten causes symptoms similar to CeD, but CeD-specific enteropathy or serology are both absent. Several lines of research do not differentiate CeD and NCGS/NCWS and as a result, NCGS/NCWS is often under-studied. This study seeks to review the evidence regarding the neurological manifestations of CeD, the effect of a gluten-free diet, and highlight studies investigating NCGS/NCWS as a distinct entity from CeD. SN - 2573-4407 UR - https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2003065 DO - 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2003065 ID - Zhen2020 ER -