TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumari, Ekta
AU  - Velloso, Fernando J.
AU  - Levison, Steven W.
PY  - 2019
DA  - 2019/05/13
TI  - Connections between Early-Life Neuroinflammation, Neural Stem Cells and Progenitors and Origins of Neuropsychiatric Disorders
JO  - OBM Neurobiology
SP  - 027
VL  - 03
IS  - 02
AB  - A number of studies have highlighted the connection between infections during pregnancy in mothers and increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders later in life leading to the view that maternal immune activation is a significant contributor to psychiatric illnesses.  Meta-analyses have revealed associations between the incidence of premature birth and perinatal inflammation with smaller total brain volumes, cognitive, motor and behavioral deficits in childhood and adolescents.  In animal studies where inflammation has been induced during the perinatal period, parallel changes in cognition and behavior have been seen reminiscent of those observed in human clinical studies. Several cytokines and in particular IL-1ß and IL-6 produced maternally can cross the placenta as well as the blood-brain-barrier to affect the developing brain, and they may either positively or negatively regulate the stem cells and progenitors that reside in the brain’s germinal matrices. Therefore, here we will review the literature towards the goal of highlighting how IL-1 and IL-6 affect the proliferation and differentiation of the stem cells and progenitors of the major germinal zones of the developing brain, and discuss how changes in the relative number or population of those progenitors contribute to psychiatric disorder such as autism and schizophrenia.
SN  - 2573-4407
UR  - https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1902027
DO  - 10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1902027
ID  - Kumari2019
ER  -