TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allen, Herbert
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/02/19
TI  - Alzheimer's Disease: Parsing the Pathways Leading to the Disease Based on the Spirochete/Biofilm Hypothesis
JO  - OBM Geriatrics
SP  - 107
VL  - 04
IS  - 01
AB  - A pathway which highlighted spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi and dental treponemes) that made biofilms which led to Alzheimer’s disease has recently been promulgated. All the Alzheimer’s disease, on which this pathway was based, had been specifically confirmed both clinically and pathologically. This current work will show putative and plausible individual pathways that were studied. First and foremost, intracellular spirochetes make biofilms and concurrently make beta amyloid; this has been shown in vitro in pure culture and in vivo. The beta amyloid together with tau protein leads to hyperphosphorylated tau that leads to neurofibrillary tangles and dendrite disintegration. Extracellular biofilms lead to activation of the innate immune system (similar to other chronic diseases), and this together with its major pathway (MyD88) leads to the production of beta amyloid. Many drugs and environmental states interact with that pathway and generally lead to further disease progression. (These drugs such as haloperidol, and environmental states such as hyperosmolality have been known to cause worsening of the disease.) Few things lead to reversal of the pathway, though L-serine stands out among them. All these pathways would not even exist or be activated were the spirochetes not present. The above hypothesis is based on observed findings from patients with Alzheimer’s disease and from pathways known to be generated from those findings.
SN  - 2638-1311
UR  - https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001107
DO  - 10.21926/obm.geriatr.2001107
ID  - Allen2020
ER  -