TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alabayji, Heba Salman Mahdi
AU  - Naeem, Ahlam Kadhim
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/15
TI  - Detection of Some β-Lactamase and Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes Among Local Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Najaf, Iraq
JO  - OBM Genetics
SP  - 358
VL  - 10
IS  - 03
AB  - Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for a wide range of healthcare-associated infections. It is frequently linked to resistance to multiple antibiotic classes and can persist in hospital environments despite infection control measures. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of antibiotic resistance genes among K. pneumoniae. A total of 38 isolates were obtained from different clinical specimens and identified using the VITEK 2 Compact (GN-ID Card) and PCR targeting 16S rRNA. Multiple antibiotic-resistant isolates were characterized using the disc diffusion method. Resistance genes were detected by PCR, including blaTEM, blaSHV, blaPER, ctx-M1, ctx-M9, aph(3′)-Ia, aac(3′)-Ia, aac(3′)-IIa, aac(3′)-Iva, aac(6′)-Ib, ant(2′′)-Ia, ant(4′)-IIa. Results revealed a wide distribution of resistance genes. Among β-lactamase genes, blaTEM was predominant, detected in 32 isolates (84.2%), compared with blaSHV in 21 isolates (55.3%), while blaPER was absent. Cephalosporin resistance genes included ctx-M1, ctx-M9 and aph(3′)-Ia, which were detected in 15 (39.5%), 8 (21.1%), and 10 (26.3%) isolates, respectively. Aminoglycoside resistance genes were also prevalent: aac(3′)-Ia (76.3%), aac(3′)-IIa (44.7%), and aac(3′)-Iva (36.8%). Other genes included ant(2′′)-Ia (42.1%), ant(4′)-IIa (15.8%), and aac(6′)-Ib (10.5%) were detected. The high prevalence of multidrug resistance highlights the correlation between phenotypic and genotypic traits. Resistance may also be associated with phenotypes such as capsule production or biofilm formation, rather than solely with resistance genes.
SN  - 2577-5790
UR  - https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.genet.2603358
DO  - 10.21926/obm.genet.2603358
ID  - Alabayji2026
ER  -